特殊句式讲学稿Word格式文档下载.docx

1、I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。【注意】 （1） 对于notuntil句型，当not until位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序：He didnt leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这

2、房间。（2） 某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装：On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。In Under no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。但是，in no time（立即，马上）位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。 2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语

3、序：Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首时的倒装副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装：So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。4.“so+助动词+主语”倒装 当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者

4、，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构：You are young and so am I. 你年轻，我也年轻。 （1） 若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor：You arent young and neither am I. 你不年轻，我也不年轻。 （2） 注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别：It was cold yesterday. So it was. “昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。”5. 由not onlybut also引出的倒装当not onlybut also位于句首引出句子时，no

5、t only 后的句子通常用部分倒装形式：6. 虚拟条件句的省略与倒装当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had, were, should等时，如将if省略，则要将had, were, should等移到主语前，构成倒装句：Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him.若你昨天来，你就会见到他了。Should you require anything give me a ring. 如果需要什么，可以给我打电话。第二关 课堂学习研讨（Learning and studying）谈谈So do I 与 So I do的用法区别 有这样一道单项填空题：

6、He studies very hard. Yes，so _ and so _. A. he did，you did B. did he，did you B. C. he did，did you D. did he，you did此题应选C。容易误选B。此题句意为：他学习很用功。是的，他确实用功，你也一样（用功）。这里涉及这样两个问题：1. 表示前面所述的情况也适合于后面一个人或事物，通常在so后用倒装句式（部分倒装用一般问句的形式）：He likes English. So do I. 他喜欢英语，我也一样。He was ill and so were his parents. 他病了，他父

7、母也病了。在正式文体中，as也可这样用：He traveled a great deal，as did most of his friends. 他去过许多地方旅游，他多数朋友也一样。但是如果前面所述情况为否定式，则用neither，nor引出倒装句（此时不能用so）：He couldnt do it，and neither could she. 他做不了，她也做不了。He never comes late. Nor do I. 他从不迟到，我也从不迟到。2. 后一句子若只是重复前句的意思，起加强语气的作用，so后面不用倒装句式：He has done a good job. 他干得不错。So

8、 he has. 他的确干得不错。涉及sothat的部分倒装 在so. that结构中，若将so+adj. / adv. 置于句首，则其后的主句要用部分倒装。如：So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。So much did they eat that they could not move for the next hour. 他们吃得太多了，一个小时都动弹不得。So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear h

9、im. 他讲话声音那么大，隔壁屋里的人都听得见。So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法像它的速度。So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。类似地，当suchthat结构的such置于句首时，such后的句子也要使用部分倒装。Such a nice man did he seem that we all believe him. 他像个很和蔼的人，所以我们都喜欢他。完全倒装完全倒装

10、的四种主要类型1. here 和there位于句首时的倒装表示地点的here和 there位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come, go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词：Heres Tom. 汤姆在这里。Theres Jim. 吉姆在那儿。Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。There goes the bell. 铃响了。There goes the last train. 最后一班火车开走了。（1） 以上倒装句中的谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态，即不能说 Here is coming the bus。（2） 若主语为代词，则不倒装：He

11、re I am. 我在这儿。/ 我来了。Here it comes. 它来了。（3） 其中的动词有时也可能是stand, lie, live等表示状态的动词（表示存在）：There stood a desk against the wall. 靠墙放着一张书桌。Once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of Beef. 从前有个人名叫比夫。练习:英译汉（一）1. Here comes the bus. 2. Now comes your turn. 3. Then came a new difficulty. 4. The doo

12、r opened and in came Mr Li. 2. away和down等位于句首时的倒装地点副词away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up 等位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词：汉译英（一）:5.赛跑选手们跑远了。6. 飞机盘旋着。7. 门开了，史密斯先生进来了。8. 下雨了，伞都撑起来了。若主语为人称代词，则不能用倒装：英译汉（二）9.Away he went. 10.Down it came. 11.Among them was my friend Jim. 12.Around the lake are

13、 some tall trees.3. 状语或表语位于句首时的倒装为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装：汉译英（二）13. 他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。14. 窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。在表语置于句首的这类倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较：In the box was a cat. 箱子里是一只猫。In the box were some cats. 箱子里是一些猫。4. 分词和不定式置于句首的倒装有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装：

14、15. 一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。16. 站在桌旁的是他的妻子。17. 下列问题要仔细考虑。练习答案:1.公共汽车来了。2.现在该你了。3.这时又产生了一个新的困难。4.门开了，李先生进来了.汉译英:5.Away went the runners. 6.Round and round flew the plane.7.The door opened and in came Mr Smith.8.Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.9.他跑远了。10.它掉了下来。11.他们当中就有我的朋友吉姆。12.湖的四周有些高树.13.Among

15、these people was his friend Jim.14.By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.15.Buried in the sands was an ancient village.16.Standing beside the table was his wife.To be carefully considered are the following questions第三关 当堂训练巩固（Consolidation and training）倒装句测试题 （一）1. So much of int

16、erest _that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all Aoffers Beijing BBeijing offers Cdoes Beijing offer DBeijing does offer2. Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and _ AI was neither Bneither was I CI was either Deither was I3. _ you eat the correct foods _ be

17、able to keep fit and stay healthy. A. only if; will you B. Only if; you will C. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will4. Seldom_ video games ever since they entered college. A. they have played B. they played C. have they played D. they have played5. It was announced that only when the fire was under

18、control _ to return to their homes. A. the residents would be permitted B. had the residents been permitted C. would the residents be permitted D. the residents had been permitted6. Only when I left my parents for Italy _how much I loved them AI realized BI had realized Chad I realized Ddid I realiz

19、e7. Not until the motorbike looked almost new _ repairing and cleaning it. A. he stopped B. did he stop C. stopped he D. he did stop8. If Joes wife wont go to the party_. A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will9. - How was the televised debate last night? - Super! R

20、arely _ so much media attention. A. a debate attracted B. did a debate attract C. a debate did attract D. attracted a debate10. I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom _ so lonely as now. A. have I felt B. I had felt C. I have felt D. Had I felt1-5CBACC 6-10DBBBA 第四关 课后拓

21、展延伸（Extension and expending）1.Only when you have obtained sufficient data _ come to a sound conclusion. A. can you B. you can C. would you D. you would2._ that this region was so rich in natural resources. A. Little he knew B. Little did he know C. Little he did know D. Little he had known3.Never ag

22、ain _ political office after his 1928 defeat for the presidency. A. Alfred E.Smith seriously sought B. seriously Alfred E.Smith sought C. when did Alfred E.Smith seriously seek D. did Alfred E.Smith seriously seek4.Only in recent years _ begun to realize that wild dogs, kept within bounds, often do

23、more good than harm. A. people have B. since people have C. have people D. people who have 5.Not until I shouted at the top of my voice _ his head. A. that he turned B. did he turn C. he didnt turn D. he had turned 6._ received law degrees as today. A. Never so women have B. The women arent ever C.

24、Women who have never D. Never have so many women7. Not only _ about the food, he also refused to pay for it. A. the customer complained B. when the customer complained C. did the customer complain D. the customer did complain8. _ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed onconstruct

25、ion sites by 90 percent. A. Such construction robots are clever B. So clever the construction robots are C. So clever are the construction robots D. Such clever construction robots are9._ do we go for picnics. A. Certainly B. Sometimes C. Seldom D. Once10.Her answer is not acceptable, and _. A. neit

26、her am I B. either is mine C. neither is mine D. mine is neither参考答案1-5 ABDCB 6-10 DCCCC 强调句学案 强调句型的基本结构是：一连接词。一般说来，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；被强调的部分是宾语，指人时也可以用whom；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。二、时态。Mary met an old beggar in the street yesterday.1.强调主语2.强调宾语3.调时间状语4强调地点状语三、强调句的疑问句。该句型的一般疑问句形式：Is / Was it that ?

27、如：强调特殊疑问句中的疑问词，其结构模式是：“疑问词+ is/was + it +that.”。它同感叹句的强调模式极其相似，首先将疑问句开头的部分作为强调部分，套入强调结构，然后再将其变为疑问句。例如：1. Where were you born? Where was it that you were born?2. What did you want to see? What was it that you wanted to see?3. How many people are being trained for the special work? How many people is it that are being trained for the special work ?。典型陷阱题分析 1. “How was _ they discovered