考研英语历年词汇考点汇总Word格式文档下载.docx

1、4、process（n.过程）真题例句Thinking is essentially a process of making connections in the brain.思维本质上是一个再大脑里建立联系的过程。【考研，2014，完型】5、excel（v.擅长）真题例句 To a certain extent,our ability to excel in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited.擅长在大脑中建立联系的这种能力是遗传得来的，这些联系推动了智力的发展。6、however（conj.然而）,acco

2、rding to（prep.根据）真题例句However,because these connections are made through effort and practice,scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate according to mental effort.然而，由于建立这些联系需要努力和练习，科学家们相信智力能根据脑力付出而扩展或变动。7.further （ad.更进一步），sharpness （n.敏锐）真题例句 Now，a new Webbased company has taken

3、it a step further and developed the first“brain training”designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental sharpness.现在，一个新成立的基于网络的公司已经更进一步，研发出了第一个“大脑训练项 目”，旨在真正帮助人们改善和恢复他们的精神敏锐程度。8.allow（vt.容许，允许）真题例句 The Web-based program allows you to systematically improve your memory and attentio

4、n skills.这个基于网络的项目可以系统地改善你在记忆力和注意力方面的技能。9.keep track of （追踪）真题例句 The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailed feedback on your performance and improvement.该项目对你的进展进行追踪，并对你的表现和提高给出详细反 馈。10.constantly （ad.不断地），build on （在的基础上进一步发展），effective（a.有效的）真题例句 Most importantly，it constantly

5、modifies and enhances the games you play to build on the strengths you are developingmuch like an effective exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.最重要的是，与有效的日常锻炼需要你提 高抵抗力、改变参与锻炼的肌肉一样，它不断地对你所参与的游戏进行改进和加强，从而进一步提高你正在形成的各种优势。11.sign on （登记失业（以领取政府的救济金）真题例句“Those fi

6、rst few days should be spent looking for work，not looking to sign on，”he claimed.“最初的那几天应该花在找工作上，而不是去进行失业登记，”他声称。【考研，2014，阅读】20131.grant （vt.给予，准许）,external （.外部的）真题例句 At first glance this might seem like a strength that grants the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by external factors.乍一看

7、这好像是一种优势，能够使人作出不受外界因素影响的公正的决定。【考研，2013，完形】2、picture （n.情况，局面）真题例句 But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculate that an inability to consider the big picture was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with.但乌里?西蒙逊博士推测，不考虑大局会导致决策者受日常处理的信息样本的影响而带有偏见。3.be soft on （

8、在方面软弱），for example （例如），fearful（a.担心的，害怕的）真题例句 For example，he thtorised that a judge fearful of appearing too soft on crime might be more likely to send smeone to prison if he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.例如，他提出一个理论，对于一个害怕自己看起来对犯罪活动过

9、于心慈手软的法官来说，如果当天他已经宣判五六个被告仅进行强制性的社区服务，那么他将某个人送人入监狱的可能性会更大。4.test（v.检验）真题例句 To test this idea，he turned to the university-admissions process.为了检验这种想 法，他转而开始研究大学录取过程。5.otherwise （ad.相反，其反面）真题例句Dr. Simonsohn suspected the truth was otherwise.西蒙逊博士认为事实并非如此。6.conduct （vt.进行，执行）真题例句 He studied the results

10、of 9323 MBA interviews conducted by 31 admissions officers.他研究了9 323份由31位招生面试官进行的MBA面试结果。 【考研，2013，完形】7.rate（vt.对作评估，评价）真题例句 The interviewers had rate applicants on a scale of one to five.面试官按照1?5的 等级标准对申请人进行评分。8.take.into consideration （把考虑在内）真题例句 This scale took numerous factors into consideration

11、.这一评分等级考虑很多因素。【考研,2013,完形】9.undo （v.消除，取消）真题例句 This might sound small，but to undo the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been necessary.也许少得的分数看起来并不多，但为了消除这一微小分数的影响，申请者就需要在GMAT考试中多考本来不必 要的30分。10.indictment （n.指控）真题例句 This top-down concepti

12、on of the fashion business couldnt be more out of date or at odds with the feverish world described in Overdressed，Elizabeth Clines three-year indictment of“fast fashion.”这种时尚界自上而下的概念太过时了，或者说它和Elizabeth Cline在过度装扮一书中描述的狂热世界完全不同。2012年1.maintain （vt.维持）真题例句 The court cannot maintain its legitimacy as

13、guard an of the rule of law when justices behave like politicians.当法官的行为像政客一样时，法院便不能维持其作为法律规则捍卫者的公正性。2.weaken（vt.削弱）真题例句Yet，in several instances,justices acted in ways that weakened the courts reputation for being independent and impartial.然而，在一些案例中，法官的行为损害了法庭独立、公正的的声誉。3.acceptas（接受）真题例句That kind of

14、 activtiy makes it less likely that the courts decisions will be accepted as impartial judgments.那种 行为使得人们认为法院的裁决不太可能是公正合理的。4.bind（vt.约束）真题例句 Part of the problem is that the justices are not bound by an ethics code.这个问题是 在某种程度上是由于法官不受道德准则的约束。【考研，2012，完形】5.subject .（a.服从的），apply （v.适用）真题例句 At the ver

15、y least，the court should make itself subject to the code of conduct that applies to the rest of the federal judiciary.至少，法院应该服从于那些适用于其他联邦司法部门 的行为准则。6.raise （vt.提出），line in（n.界线）真题例句 This and other similar cases raise the question of whether there is still a line between the court and politics.这个案件和其

16、他一些类似的案件让人质疑在法庭和政界之间是 否仍然存在界线。7.envisionas（把设想成）真题例句 The framers of theConstitution envisioned law as having authority apart from politics.宪法的制定者们曾设想让法律有独立于政治之外的权力。8.upset （vt.使生气）.cultivate （vt.培养）真题例句They gave justices permanent positions so they would be free to upset those in power and have no n

17、eed to cultivate political support.他们给法官永久性的职位，因此法官不会担心得罪当权者，也不需要培植政治上的支持。9.tie（vt.联系）真题例句Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely tied.我们的司法制度之所以将法律和政治分开，正是因为它们的联系太过紧密。【考研，2012，完形】10.concept （n.观念）真题例句 Constitutional law is political because

18、 it results from choices rooted in fundamental social concepts like liberty and property.宪法具有政治性，因为它产生于那些根植于诸如自由和财产等基本社会观念的选择。【考研,2012,完形】11.shape（vt.形成）,dismiss （vt.驳回）真题例句 When the court deals with social policy decisions,the law it shapes is inescapably politicalwhich is why decisions split along

19、 ideological lines are so easily dismissde as unjust.当法院处理社会政策的裁决时，它所形成的法律不可避免地带有政治色彩这就是那些由于思想路线不同而导致有分歧的裁决很容易以不公正为由而被驳回的原因。12.address（vt.处理），accountable （a.负有责任的）真题例句 The justices must address doubts about the courts legitimacy by making themselves accountable to the code of conduct.法院必须对行为准则负责，以处理

20、公众质疑法院公正性的问题。13.renege on （违背）真题例句 The company provoked justified outrage in Vermont last week when it announced it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the states strict nuclear regulations.上周，当该公司直市背弃长期遵守该州严格的核法规的承诺时，它激起了佛蒙特州（人）的合理愤慨。【考研，2012，阅读】20101.affect（vt.影响）真题例句It hoped the

21、y would learn how shop-floor lighting affected workers productivity.（美国国家研究委员会）希望他们能够弄清楚车间照明是如何影响工人的生产效率的。【考研，2010，完形】2.end up（最终成为），act（二.行为）真题例句Instead, the studies ended up giving their name to the Hawthorne effect, theextremely influential idea that the very act of being experimented upon change

22、d subjectsbehavior.不过，这些研究最终被命名为“霍桑效应”，这个极具影响力的概念说明受试者会因为自己正在接受实验这一行为而改变自身行为。3. perplex （vt.使困惑，使费解）真题例句The idea arose because of the perplexing behaviorof thewomen in the plant.该厂女工令人费解的行为使他们产生了这样的想法。4.account（n.描述，叙述）真题例句According to accounts of the experiments,theirhourly output rose when lightin

23、gwas increased, but also when it was dimmed.根据实验记录，不论是加强还是减少照明，她们每小时的产量都会增加。5.matter（v.有关系），so long as（只要）真题例句It did not matter whatwas donein the experiment; so long as something was changed, productivity rose.实验内容无关紧要，只要有因素发生改变，生产效率就会提高。6. awareness（n.意识）真题例句An awarernesthat they were being experi

24、mented upon seemed to be enough toalter workers behaviorby itself.工人知道正在接受试验这一意识本身就足以改变她们的行为。7, be subjected to（使遭受，使经历）真题例句After several decades, the same data were subjected to econometric analysis.几十年之后，这些相同的数据被应用到了计量经济学分析之中。8. contrary to（与相反）,evidence（n.证据）真题例句Contrary to the deions on record,

25、no systematic evidence was found thatlevels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.与实验记录的描述相反，没有系统的证据表明生产率水平的高低与照明的变化有关。9. mislead Cvt.误导），for example（例如）真题例句It turns out that the peculiar way of conducting the experiments may have led tomisleading interpretations of what happened. For

26、example，lighting was always changed on aSunday.结果表明，进行实验的特殊方式可能导致人们对所发生的事情产生误解。例如:总是在周日改变照明。10.duly （ad.应当地），continue （vi.继续）真题例句When work startedagain on Monday,output duly rose compared with theprevious Saturday and continued torise for the next couple of days.当周一再次开始工作的时候，产量理所当然地比上周六要高，而且在接下来的几天还

27、会持续提高。11.tend to do sth.（往往会发生某事），hit（v.达到）真题例句Workers tended to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case,before hitting a plateau and then slackening off.在任何情况下，工人们在一周的前几天往往都很勤奋，随后达到一个顶峰，接着就开始松懈下来。12, about-facen.（思想、行为的）大转变真题例句Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic a

28、bout-face.对申请商业方法专利权的限制将会是一个戏剧性的彻底改变。【考研，2010，阅读】20091.consider（v.考虑，细想）真题例句Consider the fruit-fly experiments described by Car Zimmer in the Science Times.试想卡尔齐默在科学时代杂志上发表的关于果蝇实验的描述。【考研，2009，阅读】2.tend（v.倾向，趋于）真题例句Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly tended to live shorter lives.那些被训练得比普通果蝇更聪明的果蝇往往寿命比较短。【考研，2009，完形】3.dim （ a.阴暗的，昏暗的）,adv