专题三形容词副词Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、这样的词有：young/old ; poor/rich; healthy/sick; good/bad; black/white; living/dead; blind/deaf. We should speak to the old politely. The poor should be taken good care of.（三）形容词的位置 1.形容词通常放在它所修饰的名词的前面。a big room; some tall trees等。 2.与不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything, someone, somebody等连用时，形容词

2、后置，放在这些词之后。1） I have something importantto tell you. 我有重要的事情要告诉你们。2） Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper? 今天的报纸上有什么有趣的内容吗？3） There is nothing difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。4） Please tell me everything new about your hometown.请告诉我有关你们家乡的一切新事情。 3.与表示度量、

3、空间和时间的词语连用时，形容词要放在它所修饰的词语后面。1）He is sixty years old.他六十多岁了。2） This classroom is about 12 meters long, 6 meters wide and 3 meters high. 这间教室大约12米长，6米宽，3米高。4. 当名词前有多个形容词修饰时，一般按下列词序排列：代词数词性状形容词冠词前的形容词冠词指示代词不定代词代词所有格序数词基数词性质状态大小长短形状新旧温度颜色国籍产地材料质地名词allbothsuchtheathisanotheryoursecondnextonefourbeautiful

4、goodpoorlargeshortsquarenewcoolblackyellowChineseLondonsilkstone a white cotton shirt 一件白棉布衬衫 a new wooden bridge一座新木桥 that tall fat young man 那个高大粗壮的年轻人（四）复合形容词的构成：1形容词+名词+edkind-hearted6名词+形容词world-famous2形容词+形容词dark-blue7名词+现在分词peace-loving3形容词+现在分词ordinary-looking8名词+过去分词snow-covered4副词+现在分词hard

5、-working9数词+名词+edthree-egged5副词+过去分词newly-built10数词+名词twenty-year二、副词（一） 定义及分类副词在句子中修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子。用来表示时间、地点、方式及程度。副词根据所表达的不同意义可将其分为以下几种：时间副词：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still等地点副词：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home等方式副词：well，fast，carefully，quickly，politely, extremely等程度副词：very，much，eno

6、ugh，almost，rather，quite等频度副词：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never等否定副词：no，not，neither，nor等 疑问副词：where，how，why，when（放在特殊疑问句前）关系副词：when, where, why（通常引导宾主从句）连接副词：how, when, where, why, whether（通常引导定语从句）（二）副词的用法1. 用作状语。通常修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子。 he studies very hard.他学习非常用功。This pen is too expensive.

7、这支钢笔非常昂贵。2. 用作表语。Is she in? 她在家吗？ He was here a moment ago.他刚才在这儿。3. 用作定语。有时少数地点副词可以作定语放在所修饰词之后。例如 The two students there are from Australia.那儿的两个学生来自于澳大利亚。 Read the article below, and then answer the questions above.阅读下面的文章，然后回答上面的问题。4. 用作宾语补足语。Let them in, please.请让他们进去。（三）副词的位置 1. 多数方式副词都可以放在动词的后

8、面，如果动词后面有宾语，副词就放在宾语之后。The train goes fast. 火车跑得飞快。2. 时间副词和地点副词在一个句中，地点副词通常在前，时间副词在后。We went shopping in the supermarket at 10 a.m. last Sunday.3. Always , usually, often, never, ever, sometimes等，放在行为动词之前，情态动词、助动词之后。1） I always remember the day when I came to this school.我始终记得我来这所学校时的那一天。2） They can

9、often go swimming in the lake nearby. 他们能经常去附近的河里游泳。4. 修饰形容词和副词的程度副词，一般放在被修饰的词之前。he did it quite well.他做得相当好。Its so important that I must tell it to all my friends. 这个是如此地重要以致于我必须将它告诉我所有的朋友。5. 及物动词和副词（down, up, off, on, out, in, over等）组成的动词词组有名词作宾语时，名词可放在副词之前或之后，如有代词作宾语时，代词（宾格）一定要放在副词之前。1）Would you

10、please turn your radio down? Its too noisy.请你将收音机的声音调小好吗？声音太吵了。2）if you dont know the meaning of this word, please look it up in the dictionary .如果你不知道这个单词的意思，请你在字典里查阅一下。注意：1.副词very可以修饰形容词、副词，但不能修饰动词。1）this flower is very beautiful. 2） I like English very much. （但不能说：I very like English .）2. enough

11、作副词时，用在形容词、副词之后面；enough用作形容词时，放在名词前或后都可以。1）he is strong enough to lift the heavy box. 他非常的强壮，能够把那个重盒子提起来。2） the man has got enough money（or: money enough ） to buy a car.这个人有足够的钱买一辆小汽车。3. 频度副词的比例表：Always-100%,usually-80%,often-70%60%,sometimes,at times-30%40%，seldom, hardly ever-5%,never-0%三、 形容词和副词的

12、原级、比较级和最高级的用法：1. 形容词的比较等级构成，有三个等级：原级 比较级 最高级 2. 形容词变比较级的规则变化：类别构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般直接加-er, -estnew, tallnewer tallernewest tallest不发音的e结尾时加r，stlate, finelater, finerlatest, finest辅音字母加y结尾时把y变i，再加-er，-esteasy, happyeasier, happiereasiest, happiest重读闭音节结尾并且只有一个辅音字母时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er, -estthin, hot

13、thinner, hotterthinnest, hottest多音节词和部分双音节词在原级前加more，mostpopular,importantmoremost3. 形容词变比较级的不规则变化：有少数形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式是不规则的，因词而异，同学们需要单独记忆。但有少数几个形容词无比较级和最高级。如excellent , wonderful, favorite等需要同学们特别留心。good/wellbetterbestmany/muchbad/illworseworstlittlelessleastfarfarther（较远）further（进一步）farthest（最远）fur

14、thest（最大程度）oldolderelder（较年长的）oldesteldest（最年长的）4. 以-ly结尾的副词（early除外），在词的前面加more 或most。5. 比较三个等级的用法区别：形容词： 1）Play as well as you can. 2）His English is quite good. 3） My shirt is much cheaper than yours. 4） Lesson 3 is very difficult, but Lesson 5 is even more difficult. 5）China is becoming more and

15、more beautiful now. 6）The busier he is ,the happier he feels 7）Yao Ming is one of the most popular basketball stars in China 8）Yesterday was my busiest day. （形容词最高级前有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格时，则不必加定冠词the）副词：1）I study as hard as he. 2） He doesnt work so hard as you.3） She dances far more beautifully than you （

16、do）. 4） Kate runs even faster than Bill.5） Which do you like better, tea or coffee?6） He is running faster and faster.7） It began to snow more and more heavily.级 别比较程度表达方式和意义例 句备 注原级同等程度肯定形式as+原级+as（像一样）Art is as interesting as music.It is very warm today.常用too, very, so, quite等词修饰否not + so （as） +原级

17、+as（不如那样）English is not so difficult as science.She does not think swimming is as interesting as hiking.注意I dont think否定前移句型不同程度（用于两者比较）比较级+than（比）Jim is older than Lucy.I like pork better than beef.比较级前面可以加much, far, even, still,a lot, a little, a bit等程度加深比较级+and+比较级（越来越）The + 比较级，the + 比较级（越, 越）He

18、 is growing taller and taller.He studies better and better.The more books she reads, the better she understand.最高程度（用于三者或三者以上）The +最高级+of （in）（最）Spring is the best season of the year.Lin Tao jumped （the） farthest of all.副词最高级前面的the 往往省略1.有些形容词，如 dead, empty, round, sure, woolen 等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。2. 在含

19、有形容词的比较级句子中，对两个相比较的内容为了避免重复，我们常常用that, those来代替前面的词。The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangdong.The windows of our classroom are cleaner than those of theirs3. 最高级前可以有序数词来修饰。Which is the first most useful invention?哪一个是第一个最有用途的发明？句型one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“是最之一”。Yao Ming is one of the

20、most popular basketball stars in China.姚明是中国最受欢迎的球星之一。如果形容词最高级前有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格时，则不必加定冠词the 。Yesterday was my busiest day.昨天是我最忙碌的一天。使用形容词时须注意的几个问题1）某些动词的现在分词和过去分词被用作形容词时，其现在分词所变化而生的形容词表示“令人”，而由过去分词变化而来的形容词表示“人的感受”。其比较级、最高级分别加more和 most。She was very excited when she heard the exciting news.当她听到那个令人兴

21、奋的消息时，她非常的激动。I am interested in the story, because it is very interesting.我对这个故事感兴趣，因为它非常有趣。 They were all very surprised at the surprising result.他们所有的人对那个令人吃惊的结果感到非常的惊奇。2）比较的对象要一致。若在同一范围比较时，必须把主体排除在被比较的对象之外，其表达句式为：比较级+than + any other +名词单数+同一范围。但在表达形容词最高级的比较句中，则一定要把主体包括在内。 He is taller than any o

22、ther student in his class.他在他的班级中比任何其它一个学生都高。（同一范围内） China is larger than any other country in Asia.中国在亚洲比任何其它一个国家都大。 China is larger than any country in Africa.中国比非洲任何一个国家都大。（不在同一范围内） The girl is the tallest of all the sisters in her family. 这个女孩在她家所有的姐妹当中最高的。 The Chang Jiang River is the longest o

23、f all the rivers in China.长江在中国所有的河流当中是最长的。3）表示“几倍于”时，用“倍数比较级than”表示。Her house is twice bigger than mine.她的房子比我的大两倍。4）表示“两者之间较一个（of the two）”时，常用“the比较级”结构。Tom is the taller of the two boys.汤姆是这两个男孩中较高的一个。5）形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。Li Lei is the tallest student in his class.李雷是班上最高的学生。Li Lei is taller than

24、 any other student in his class.李雷比班上其他所有的学生都高。Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class.李雷比班上其他所有的学生都高。Li Lei is taller than anyone else in his class.李雷比班上其他任何人都高。常见副词的用法辨析1. already与yet的区别already用于肯定句句中，表示“已经”;yet用于否定句句末，表示“还”，用于疑问句句末，表示“已经”例如，He had already left when I called.当我给他打电话时

25、，他已经离开了。Have you found your ruler yet？你已经找到你的尺子了吗？I havent finished my homework yet.我还没有完成作业。注意：already还可以表示惊奇，惊讶等语气，常用于疑问句句末例如：Has your son gone to school already？你的儿子已经上学了吗？（表示很惊讶）2very，much和very much.的区别very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级；much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级；修饰动词要用very much.例如，John is very honest.约翰非常诚实。This garden

26、 is much bigger than that one.这个花园比那个大的多。Thank you very much.非常感谢你3. also，too，as well与either的区别also，as well，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be动词，情态动词，助动词之后，行为动词之前；as well，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。例如，My father is a teacher. My mother is also a teacher.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher as well.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher，too.我爸爸是一名老师，我妈妈也是。I cant speak French. Jenny cant speak French，either.我不会说法语，詹妮也不会。4. so与such的区别so