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英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析Word文档格式.docx

1、3. consider v. 的用法构词:consideration n. 考虑,思考;体谅,顾及 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 consider sb (to be / as). 认为觉得某人 consider that- clause 认为 take sth into consideration 考虑 under consideration 在考虑中4. deserted adj. 空无一人的;被遗弃的;被抛弃的(1) 空无一人的a deserted street / area空无一人的街道,地区(2) 被遗弃的 a deserted child 被遗弃的孩子(3)

2、desert dezot n. 沙漠 dIzo:t vt. 丢弃;遗弃5. difficulty n. (1) difficulty (通常作复数) 难事,难点,难题 (2) 在以下句型中,difficulty是不可数名词,不能用复数形式。干某事有困难have (some) difficulty (in) doing sth/with sth.there is (some) difficulty (in) doing sth.在某事上有困难there is (some) difficulty with sth.困难地轻而易举地做某事do sth. with difficulty / witho

3、ut difficulty 【注意】(1) 以上句型中,difficulty前可加some, little, much, a lot of, no, any修饰(2) 以上句型中,亦可用trouble来代替difficulty。6. favourite = favorite (A. E) 最喜爱的;最喜爱的人或事物 (1) adj. 最喜爱的 (2) n. C 最喜爱的人或事物7. fun的用法构词:funny adj. 有趣的滑稽的,好笑的;奇特的,古怪的 make fun of 取笑;嘲弄;开某人的玩笑 (just)for / in fun = (just) for the fun of

4、it 取乐,非认真地,说做着玩的 be full of fun很好玩 have fun with sb. 和某人开一个玩笑 have (some) fun 玩得(很)高兴,玩得(很)开心 Its (great) fun to do sth干某事很有趣;干某事真是一件趣事;干某事真开心 What fun (it is) to do sth! 干某事多么有趣呀! have a lot of fun doing sth 干某事玩得很开心8. imagine的用法构词: imagination n. C / U 想像,想像力,想像的事物 imaginative adj. 富有想像力的 imagine

5、sth / doing sth beyond (all) imagination (完全)出乎意料地9. interest的用法vt. 使感兴趣 n. 兴趣,爱好 U 利息;利润a broad interest 广泛的利益a common interest 共同的利益 a strong interest 极强的兴趣 interesting 令人感兴趣的(事物) interested (某人对某事)有兴趣的 interest sb in sth 使某人注意,关心或参入某事;使某人对某事感兴趣 be interested in 对感兴趣(关心) have an interest in sth. /

6、 in doing sth. 对某方面有兴趣 (关心);在中有股份、权益等 hold ones interest 吸引住某人的兴趣 in the interest(s) of 为利益;为起见;对有利 lose interest in 对不再感兴趣 show / take (an) interest in / in doing sth. 对表示关心(有兴趣) have / take / feel no interest in 对不 (不太) 感兴趣 with interest 有兴趣地,津津有味地develop / find / feel interest in sth. / in doing

7、sth. 在某方面培养有兴趣 ? lose interest in sth. / in doing sth. 对某方面失去兴趣有时interest可与不定冠词连用。He developed an interest in science.另外:interest作“爱好”解时,是可数名词。 His interests include reading and tennis.10. prove的用法构词: proof n. 证据。试验,考验,(印刷)校样 prove sth to sb 向某人证实 prove to sb that 从句向某人证实 prove (oneself) to be 证明(自己

8、)是,表现出11. provide的用法构词: provider n. 供给者,供应者,养家者 provided / providing conj. 倘若provide sb with sth / sth to sb 给提供;以装备12. share的用法 share (in) sth. with sth. 和某人分享、分担、共用某物 share sth (out) between / among. 将某物分配、分给 share joys / happiness and sorrows (with sb) (和某人) 同甘共苦 share ones opinion 同意某人的意见13. sol

9、ve的用法构词solution n. 1. C (问题的)解答;(困难的)解决方法 2. U 解答,解决 3. U 溶解the solution to 解决的办法14. total n. / adj. 全部(的) (1) in total 加起来(2) a total of 总共 (3) the total of.的总数15. when conj.并列连词,= and then,表示“就在那时,突然”,常见以下句型中:(1) be doing.when.正在做突然(2) had done.when.刚做了突然(3) be about to do.when.刚要做突然16. while conj

10、. (1) while从属连词,引导时间状语从句,从句动词用延续性动词,主句的动作发生在从句动作发生的过程之中。 (2) 并列连词,表前后两个分句意义相反或相对,意为“然而”。(3)放在句首,表示“尽管;虽然”,相当于although。【词语比较】1. especially, speciallyespecially adv. 特殊地;尤其是(1) 侧重于多种事物或人中比较突出的。I like all the subjects at school, especially English. (尤其是英语)(2) especially 后可接介词短语或从句。I like the Yuelu Moun

11、tains, especially in spring. (尤其是在春天) specially 侧重特意地、专门地做某事(后面常接for sb.或to do sth.)I made a chocolate cake specially for you.2. boring, bored, bore boring adj. 令人厌烦的 bored adj. 感到厌烦的 bore vt. 令人厌烦有些表示情感的及物动词,有与bore类似的用法。如:interest, excite, surprise, amaze, frighten, astonish, move, inspire, touch,

12、scare, disappoint, puzzle, worry 这类词的现在分词形式,为“令人”;过去分词形式,为“感到”。3. except for, except, but, besides表示“除了”的词或短语有:except; but; except for; besides; except that (when.) 等。 (1) except 和 but 都表示“除了之外。没有”,二者大多数情况下可以互换;但在no, all, nobody, nothing, no one 等词后多用 but。No one knows our teachers address except / b

13、ut him. (排除him) (2) besides 除之外,还,有附加性。What other foreign languages do you know besides English? (English与other languages都属于know的范围) (3) except for 只不过,整体肯定,部分修正,用于排除非同类事物,for表示细节上的修正。Your article is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.4. know, know of, know about (1) know 用作动词,意思是“(直接地)

14、获知,懂得,认识,熟悉”。I dont know whether he is here or not. / I know him to be honest. (2) know of和know about的意思都是“(间接地)获知”,指听别人说到或从书报上看到,二者没有什么区别。5. for example; such as (1) for example“例如”,用来举例说明某一论点或情况。一般只举同类人或物中的“一个”为例,作插入语,可位于句首、句中或句末。可用for instance替换。For example, air is invisible. / His spelling is te

15、rrible! Look at this word, for example. (2) such as “例如”,用来列举事物,一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。插在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间,as后面不可有逗号。Some of the European Languages come from Latin, such as French, Italian and Spanish. 注意如把前面所述情况全部举出,用that is或namely。短语归纳1. 含all的短语(1) first of all 首先 (强调顺序)(2) in all (=in total=altogether) 总共

16、 (3) after all 毕竟,终究(4) at all 到底,根本 (5) above all 最重要的是 (强调重要性)(6) all the time 始终,一直(7) not (.) at all (= not (.) in the least) 根本不,一点也不(8) all of a sudden (=suddenly) 突然,冷不防(9) all right 行,可以 (10) all at once 立刘,马上(11) all day and all night 日日夜夜 (12) all over 遍及(13) all alone 独个儿,独立地 (14) all but

17、 几乎,差一点 (15) all in all 总的说来(16) all together 一道,同时,总共 (17) for all 尽管2. at all(1)用在肯定句中,“竟然” Im surprised that you came at all.(2)用在否定句中,“一点也不” There was nothing to worry about at all.(3)用在疑问句中,“到底”“究竟” Have you been there at all?(4)用在条件句中,“真的,确实” If you do it at all, do it well.3. 含“be + 形容词 + 介词”

18、的短语(1) be good at 擅长于(2) be interested in 对感兴趣 (3) be pleased / satisfied / content with 对满意 (4) be famous for 因而出名(5) be kind / good to 对好 (6) be lost in 沉湎于(7) be active in 在某方面积极 (8) be sure about / of 确信(9) be afraid of 害怕 (10) be full of 充满(11) be filled with 充满 (12) be made of / from 由组成(13) b

19、e generous to 对慷慨(14) be popular with 受欢迎 (15) be confident of 确信 (16) be fond of 喜欢,喜爱(17) be angry with / at 对发脾气 (18) be amazed / surprised / astonished / shocked at 对感到惊讶(19) be busy doing 忙着做(20) be late for 迟到 (21) be excited about 对感到兴奋(22) be worried about 担心 (23) be used for / as 用于(24) be

20、curious about 对好奇4. end up with.以结束 (1) end up with + n. 以结束The party ended up with the singing of Auld Lang Syne. (2) end up as.最后成为He will end up as a president some day. (3) end up + 地点状语最后(有结局) If you drive your car like that, youll end (up) in hospital.5. “make + 名词”短语 make a noise 吵闹 make face

21、s 做鬼脸,做苦脸 make room for 给腾出地方 make the bed 整理床铺 make phone calls 打电话 make friends with 交朋友 make money 赚钱 make use of 利用 make a decision 做出决定 make a mistake 犯错误6. 有以下fire (n.) 短语 be on fire 着火了(表示状态) catch fire 燃着;着火(表示动作) play with fire 玩火;干冒险的事Set sth. on fire = set fire to sth. 放火烧make (a) fire 点火

22、;生火 start (cause) a fire引起火灾 注意 fire作“火灾”“一堆火”解时,为可数名词。7. a great / good many许多(1) a great / good many + 名词复数,中间无“of”。A great many people have seen the film.(2) a great / good many + of + the / these / those / ones + 名词复数A great many of the people have seen the film.8. make yourself at home 别拘束 (1)

23、make yourself at home 别拘束(主人对客人说的委婉语) (2) (all) by oneself 独自(没有别人帮助) You cant possibly do it all by yourself. (3) enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得高兴 (4) for oneself 亲自; 为自己One should not live for oneself alone. (5) of oneself 自动地The door closed of itself suddenly. (6) be oneself 身体或情绪好 I am not

24、myself today. (7) help oneself to + n. / pron. 随便Please help yourself to the fish (8) in oneself 本身This is not a bad idea in itself. (9) come to oneself 苏醒The injured man came to him- self in five minutes. (10) between ourselves 私下说的话All this is between ourselves.9. the majority of. 大多数的 (1) a / the

25、 majority of + 名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词多用复数。the majority 单独作主语,谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可。The majority of people seem to prefer watching games to playing games./ The majority were (was) in favour of the proposal.(2) by a majority of + 数字,以超过票的多数She won the election by a majority of 900 votes.10. treat as 把看做【比较】表示“认为”的短语

26、还有:regardas consider(as)think ofaslook on / uponas takefor 注意 在consideras短语中as可省略,其他短语中不可。【句型归纳】1. so的常见句型有:(1) so + be / 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语 (意为“主语也” )(2) neither / nor + be / 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语(意为“主语也不” )(3) so it is / was with sb / sth和so it is / was the same with sb / sth (意为“主语也” ) (用在前文有两个或以上的从句,而且分句

27、有不同的谓语或既有肯定又有否定以及既有系动词义有行为动词的情况)(4) so + 主语 + be / 助动词 / 情态动词 (意为“主讲确实如此”),表示进一步肯定。(5) 主语 + did + so (意为“主语按照吩咐做了”)。2. 常见句型:(1) such + a / an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + that clause(2) such + 形容词 + 复数可数名词 + that clause(3) such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that clause(4) so + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词 + that clause(5) so + 形容词 / 副词 + that clause(6) so + many / few + 复数可数名词 + that clause(7) so + much / little + 不可数名词 + that clause注意:当little不表示数量“少”而表示“小”的意思时,仍然要用such。当so + adj. / adv. 或 such + n. 位于句首时,主句需要倒装。3. when做连词的常见句型:(1) be about to do sth when. (2) be doing sth when.

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