八年级上册详解Word文档格式.docx

1、 go shopping 去购物 have a party 聚会 go to the movie 去看电影 once a week 每周一次 hardly ever 很少 twice a week 每周两次 three times a week 每周三次 watch TV看电视 on weekend 在周末 do homework 做作业 a lot of 许多 try to do试图（努力）做某事 help sb （to） do sth.帮助某人做某事 the same as和相同 keep in good health 保持身体健康【重要词句详解】1. Lets look at the f

2、ollowing words and their usage（让我们看看下面的这些词及其用法）.always 一直，总是 usually 通常 often 经常sometimes 有时候 hardly ever 很少，几乎没有never 从不这些词都是表示频率的副词, 但是在程度上有差别。通常用于一般现在时。如： I always have some milk for my breakfast. 我早餐总是喝牛奶。 He usually gets up at 6:30 in the morning. 他通常早上6：30起床。 He often does homework before dinn

3、er time. 他经常晚餐前做作业。 He sometimes goes to movies on Friday evening. 他有时周五晚上去看电影。 I hardly /ever eat out at noon. 我很少中午在外就餐。 I never arrive late for school. 我从没有到校晚过。Seldom/rarelyseldom,表示频率，很少，不常，反义词oftenrarely,很少地，难得地，少见地 He seldom eats breakfast. 他很少吃早餐。I rarely eat in restaurants. 我很少在饭馆吃饭。2. 英语中表

4、次数的用法 once一次, twice两次, three times三次, four times四次 我们可以看出表示次数的词，除了“一次，两次”特殊外，后面的次数都是“基数词+times”构成。 另外同学们还要记住以下词组： once （twice） a day/ week/ month/ year每天（周/月/年）一（两）次3. all, most, some, no 的用法及差异。 all “所有的，全体的” All students do homework after school. Last night, I cooked all the vegetables in the frid

5、ge. most “大多数的” Most students play computer games on weekends. some “一些” Some students go to English movies every day. no “没有”，注意这里no是形容词。 No students read English novels. 我们可以看出： all, most, some, no 放在名词的前面做定语，表示数量的多少。 4. My mother wants me to drink it. 我妈妈想要我喝。 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人干某事。e.g. I w

6、ant you to help me with my math.我想要你帮我学数学。 5. She says its good for health. 她说喝牛奶对健康有益。 be good for 对有好处。 Eating vegetables and fruit is good for our health. Doing eye-exercise is good for our eyes. 6. How many hours do you sleep every night? 你每天晚上睡几个小时？ 这是一个特殊疑问句。“How many +名词”构成了特殊疑问词。 注意：How many

7、 后跟可数名词的复数形式。 How many apples do you have? How many students are there in your class? 如果名词是不可数名词，要用“How much +不可数名词”。 e.g. How much milk do you drink each time? How much water do we need every day?【课文解析3a】 but Im pretty healthy I exercise every day, usually when I come home from school And my eating

8、 habits are pretty good I try to eat a lot of vegetables, usually ten to eleven times a week And I eat fruit every day and I drink milk every day Of course, I love junk food, too, but I try to eat it only once a week, oh, and I sleep nine hours every night So you see, I look after my health And my h

9、ealthy lifestyle helps me get good grade Good food and exercise help me to study better 1 pretty表示“十分”作副词用，我们以前学过quite和very也有这种意思。其中它们的程度由浅入深为quiteprettyverye.g. He is quite serious It sounds pretty good Nina can sing English songs very well 2I exercise every day, usually when I come home from schoo

10、l 我每天锻炼身体，通常是放学后。 3 eating habits“饮食习惯”。 4 try to do sth意为“尽力去做某事”。 Try to get here early He tried to pass the exam 5 ten to eleven times a week“每周十到十一次”。 注意这种表达。“to”为介词。 翻译：（1）两到三次。 twice to three times （2）每月四到五次。four to five times a month 6 Of course “当然”。 7 So you see, I look after my health“所以你看

11、，我很在意我的健康”。 look after 意为“照顾、照看”。 Can you look after my baby when I leave? Please look after your own bags carefully look还可以和许多词搭配，但意思不一样。 （1）look at“看，认真地看”。 Please look at the blackboard Some people are looking at the notice （2）look for“寻找”。 Old Henry looked for his dogs, but he didnt find it Im l

12、ooking for my lost pen 8 Good food and exercise help me to study better好的饮食和锻炼帮助我学得更好。 help sb. to do sth. better帮助某人把某事做得更好。She helps me to know the information for going abroad better.她帮我更好地了解到出国的信息。help sb. with sth.帮某人做某事。Stella helps me with my history.【重要句型】 1. What do you usually do on weeken

13、ds? 你通常周末做什么？ 2. I usually play soccer. 我通常踢足球。 3. What does he do on weekends?他周末做什么？ 4. He sometimes watches TV. 他有时候看电视。 5. How often do you shop? 你多长时间购物一次？ 6. I shop once a month. 我一个月购物一次。 7. How often does he watch TV?他多长时间看一次电视？ 8. He watches TV twice a week. 他每周看两次电视。【由how often谈起】我们已经学习了al

14、ways, usually, often, sometimes, never等表示时间频度的副词。这些词通常用来说明在一段时间内做某事的多少或某种状态存在的次数的多少。例如：We usually get up at half past six 我们通常六点半起床。Sometimes he goes to see his grandpa on weekends 周末，他有时候去看望爷爷。但是，在日常生活中，我们不可能总是用陈述句来表达自己的或他人的一些行动，或者事物所存在的状态。我们还要向对方提出一些问题，请求对方回答。在这种情况下，我们还要用疑问句。请看下面几组对话：1 How often d

15、o you play football? I usually play football after school2 How often does Mary go to the concert? She often goes to it on Saturday evening3How often does my daughter take the medicine? Three times a day不知大家是否注意到，我们针对上面所说的频度副词和表示“在某段时间内某种动作的次数”的状语提问时，都要用how often。换句话说，如果要回答由how often提问的句子，我们通常要用频度副词或

16、诸如every day, each week, once a week, twice a day, four times a month等来回答。4 How often do you borrow books from the library? Twice a month5 How often does your mother do the washing? She does it every day6 How often can you go to the movie? Once a week在大家所做的练习中，常见的有“句型转换”。这种题型有一种“就划线部分提问”，要求针对陈述句中的划线部

17、分提出问题（也就是把陈述句变成特殊疑问句），其中就有针对上面所说的频度副词或every day, each week, once a week, twice a day, four times a month等提问的句子。这时候自然要用how often来提问了。Jack watches TV three times a week How often does Jack watch TV?Our school has a sports meeting twice a year How often does your school have a sports meeting?要注意的是，陈述句在

18、变成这种特殊疑问句时，其结构是：How often+助动词+主语+实义动词+其它成分？或：How often+系动词 be+主语 +其它成分？How often ?和How long ? 1） How often do you watch TV? 你多长时间看一次电视？ 回答可以是下面的任何一种： Every day./ Once a week./Three times a week./ Often./ 2）How long do you usually watch TV?你通常看多长时间电视？ About one hour./ Three hours. / Thirty minutes./

19、从以上例句中可以看出：how often 意为“多久一次”；how long 意为“多长时间”。Unit 2 Whats the matter?【重要词汇概览】 matter n.事情， 问题， 差错 armn.臂，胳膊 back n.后背，背脊 earn.耳朵 eyen.眼睛 foot n.脚，足 （pl. feet） legn.腿，腿部 neck n.脖子，颈部 nose n.鼻子 stomachn.胃，胃部 toothn.牙齿（pl. teeth） sore adj.疼痛的 stomachache n.胃痛，腹痛，肚子痛 throat n.喉头，喉咙 toothachen.牙痛 feve

20、rn.发烧 liev.躺，卧，平放在某处（lay, lain） honeyn.蜂蜜 dentistn.牙医 illnessn.疾病，生病 advice n.劝告，忠告，建议 thirstyadj.渴的，口渴的 heal v. 医治，治愈 balance n. 平衡，平衡状态，协调 might aux.v. 可能，可以，允许（may 的过去式） beef n. 牛肉 lamb n. 小羊，羊羔，羊羔肉 energy n. 精力，活力，能力 life n. 生命，人生 bean n. 豆，豆科植物 strayv. 远离，走失，离题 balanced adj. 平衡的，协调的 diet n. 饮食，

21、节食 backache n. 背痛 improvev. 改善，改良，提高 speaking n. 口语 headache n. 头痛 homestay n. 待在家里 importantadj. 重要的，重大的，严重的 【重要词组概览】 have a cold患感冒 stressed out 紧张的，有压力的 bean sprout豆芽 get tired感觉疲惫 stay healthy 保持健康 at the moment此刻，现在 on the other hand另一方面 get a cold 患感冒 see a dentist看牙医 go to the party去参加聚会 make

22、 sb sick 使某人不舒服（患锁病） have a sore throat 嗓子痛 have a fever 发烧，发热 have a toothache 牙痛 have a backache背痛 have a headache头痛【语法知识聚焦】看病需要和医生交流，这是英语口语中必不可少的内容。从医生询问病情，病人诉说病情，到医生检查、诊断和医嘱，这些环节最常用的语句，同学们必须掌握。一、医生询问病情的常用语句：1. Whats wrong/the matter （with you）? 你怎么了？ Whats your trouble, young man? 年轻人, 你哪里不舒服? W

23、hen did it start? 从何时开始生病的？2. How are you （feeling） now? 你现在觉得怎么样? Are you feeling better today? 你今天好些了吗?3. Have you got a headache/a cough? 你头痛/咳嗽吗?4. When did you feel unwell? 你什么时候觉得不舒服的?5. When did the pain start? 疼痛何时开始的?6. Did you sleep well? 你睡得好吗? Do you feel tired?你觉得疲劳吗?7. How long have yo

24、u been like this?你像这样有多久了? 8. Did you eat anything for breakfast?你早饭吃了什么没有?二、病人诉说病情的常用语句：1. I dont feel very well. / Im not feeling well. 我感到不舒服。2. I have （got） a headache. 我头痛。 I have a sore throat. 我嗓子痛。 I have a backache. / I have a pain in my back. 我后背痛。 Theres something wrong with my leg. 我的腿有毛

25、病了。3. I feel terrible.我感到很难受。 I feel even worse.我感到情况更糟了.4. I dont feel like eating anything. 我什么都不想吃.5. I dream too much. 我的梦特别多. I cant fall / be asleep in the evening. 晚上我睡不着.6. It began two days ago. 两天前开始的.7. I dont feel any better now. 我感觉没有什么好转.8. I had noodles for lunch today. 今天午饭我吃的是面条.三、医生检查、诊断和治疗的常用语句:1. Open your mouth and say Ah-.张嘴说 啊-