1、盲从 follow something blindly/indiscriminately(advs)限制创造力的发展 extinguish (vt.)/stifle(vt.)/constrain(vt.) creativity(noun)打击学生的积极性 dampen/sap(vt) the students enthusiasm/ frustrate the students产生不必要的压力 beget/create undue pressure3 把学生分开教育(如根据课堂上的表现)segregate(vt.) students来自于其他同学的压力 peer pressure 适应(v)
2、adapt to sth./adjust oneself to sth./become accustomed to sth.适应能力 adaptability逆境 adverse circumstances/adversity团队精神 team spirit(n) 独立思考 think independently(adv)在理解的基础上学习 learn things through understanding鼓励学生用辩证的眼光看问题 encourage students to think critically(adv)学生的反馈 students feedback/input学生评价老师的教
3、学 students appraise/evaluate(vt) their teachers performance学生对老师所教知识的掌握 students grasp/command(n) of what has been taught 4 学生学习的各门功课加在一起称为 curriculum(n)具体一门课叫 syllabus课外活动叫 extra-curricular activities 学校是社会的缩影 a school is society in miniature不遵守纪律(n) indiscipline/misbehavior/mischief(n)不遵守纪律(daj)的学
4、生 disruptive/unruly students5 理论知识 theoretical knowledge就业技能 employable/marketable skills 通才 generalist专才 specialist全面发展的 well-rounded/versatile(adj)为社会健康发展作贡献 contribute to societal(adj) well-being(n)/welfare(n)6 大学学科的分类可以分为 人文学科(文学 ,历史 语言学等)humanities社会学科(政治 经济学 社会学的) social sciences艺术(音乐 雕塑等) art
5、s文科也可以总称为 liberal arts/ liberal studies理科(物理 化学 生物学等) sciences工科(工程 自动化等) engineering 大学里任何一个学科都有可以叫 discipline基础科学 basic sciences应用科学 applied sciences小学教育 primary-level education中学教育 secondary-level education大学教育 tertiary-level education职业教育 vocational education/training青少年(复数) youths/youngsters/ad
6、olescents racial alleviate residence pursuit pursue urbanization Technology生物技术 biotechnology克隆 cloning (n) clone(v)远程通讯 telecommunications(n)尖端的技术 cutting-edge(adj) technology 信息爆炸 information explosion/overload信息时代 the information age/era 互联网被广泛的应用 the proliferation(n) of the Internet太空探索(n) space
7、 exploration 一个人的基因构成 ones genetic makeup/ ones DNA programming科技创新与发展 technological innovations/inventions/advances/progression(n)提高效率 augment/enhance/boost(vt) efficiency提高生产效率 augment/enhance/boots productivity减少人力的机器(计算机发明之前的技术) labor-saving machinery取代人力的机器(计算机发明之后的技术) labor-replacing machinery
8、自动化 automation(n)/ automated(adj)彻底变革 transform/revolutionize(vt)/ fundamentally change sth.以一种史无前例的速度向前发展advance/progress(vis) at an unprecedented(adj) rate如果要说以一种让人震惊的速度向前发展,只要把unprecedented改成astonishing如果要说正以一种很快的速度向前发展 sth is advancing by leaps and bounds产生深远的影响 create/produce/generate/breed/spa
9、wn(vt)/result in/lead to/ profound(adj)/far-reaching(adj)/pervasive(adj) influence/impact/bearing/implications/repercussions(n)Media侵犯隐私 violate/intrude on/infringe on someones privacy破坏某人的名誉 tarnish/sully/smear/besmirch(vt) ones reputation狗仔队 paparazzi(复数名词 不再加s)新闻界 the press印刷媒体(如报纸 杂志) the print
10、media报道新闻的机构 news outlets电子媒体 the electronic media名人 a celebrity/celebrities时事 current affairs丑闻 scandals无处不在 prevalent/ubiquitous/pervasive(adj)审查 censor(vt)删除 delete/eliminate/excise(vt)过多的暴力与色情内容 excessive/gratuitous violent and pornographic(adj) contents报道非常详尽的细节 report sth. In graphic detail媒体炒
11、作(n) media hype 有误导性的 misleading/misrepresented/distorted(adj)诈骗性的 fraudulent(adj)虚假的 false/bogus(adj)夸大事实 exaggerate(vt) things/sensationalize(vt) things/blow things out of all proportions(最后一个比较口语 用作文也可以)充斥着 be awash with/be inundated with/be saturated with sth.掩盖(丑闻或罪行等) cover up/gloss over/white
12、wash不客观的,不公正的 biased/skewed如实的报道 factual accounts(n)可信的 reliable/trustworthy/dependable客观公正的 objective and balanced(adj)及时的 up-to-the-minute(adj)/up-to-date(adj) 前者比后者更加及时信息量大的 informative娱乐性强的 entertaining(adj)有新闻价值的 newsworthy(adj)监督 scrutiny(n)/scrutinize(vt)/monitor(vt)揭露 expose/reveal(vt)道德准则(n
13、) code of ethics/code of conductGovernment当局 authorities(n)老百姓 citizens/the citizenry规范,管理 regulate/administer/oversee (vt)实施 implement(vt)立法 legislate(vi)/make laws民主与开放的政府 a democratic and progressive government严禁(v) strictly prohibit/ban altogether严格的法律 stringent laws/legislation规章制度 rules and re
14、gulations为。拨款 allocate money to sth./subsidise(vt)/be a patron of/invest in/finance(vt)/fund(vt)/dedicate money to sth.预算 budget税收 tax revenue(n)政府在某方面的开支(n) 他和government spending/expenditure on sth.削减(v) curtail(vt)增加 augment(vt)当务之急(n) priority把。当成当务之急 give priority to sth.责任(n) responsibility/obl
15、igation人道主义救援 humanitarian (adj) aid (n)管理 administer/regulate军备竞赛 arms race(n)自卫 self-defense (BrE,n)国土安全 expansion/aggression(n)谋求霸权 seek/pursue(vt) hegemony(n)恶性循环 a vicious circle(n)地区不稳定因素 destabilizing factors太空竞赛 space race(n)武器 weapons/arms/armaments(n)下岗工人 laid-off workers/downsized workers
16、失业(n) unemployment/joblessness基础设施 infrastructure 比如公共交通系统 public transport system(BrE)电网 power grid给排水系统 water supply and drainage system Language & Culture一种可以通用的语言 a lingua franca/a universal language/a global language英语被广泛使用 the proliferation(n) of English英语的统治地位 the dominant role/the ascendancy
17、/the hegemony of English方言 dialect(n)/vernacular/the indigenous language小语种将会消亡 lesser-known language will become extinct/obsolete(adj)小语种的消亡(n) the extinct/demise of lesser-known languages文化遗产包括有形和无形的两种 有形的如历史遗址,无形的如风俗习惯 仪式 传统道德观念等 cultural heritage can be divided into two groups: tangible cultural
18、 heritage, such as historic sites and intangible cultural heritage, such as customs, rites, rituals and mores, etc.保护 preserve (vt)祖先 forefathers/ancestors后代 descendants/posterity后面一个是不可数名词少数民族 ethnic minorities民族团结 the harmony(n) between ethnic groups/races文化融合 cultural integration and synthesis(n)
19、互相影响 interaction文化多元性 cultural diversity丰富(v) enrich(vt)狭隘的观念 insular/provincial/parochial(adj)/parochial(adj) mentality贬低(v) deprecate/denigrate/minimize(vt) the importance of /disparage/trivialize/discredit(vt)不是一成不变的 sth. is not set/carved in stone Development they encourage custome to buy some p
20、roduct which date manufacture is almost come to the end 生活节奏加速 the tempo/pace of life has accelerated疲劳 fatigue(n)抑郁症 depression失眠 sleeplessness/sleep-deprivation/insomnia(n)导致人与人之间疏远 create(vt)alienation(n) between people过于功利的 materialistic/mercenary/money-worshipping(adj)追求最大限度利润 pursue(vt) maximu
21、m profit交通堵塞 traffic jams/traffic congestions/gridlock最后一个是不可数名词阻碍(v) impede/hinder/hamper/obstruct/inhibit(vt)让人担心的 worrying/worrisome/disturbing/disquieting/disconcerting(adj)危害,破坏(v) undermine/spoil/do a disservice to sth/ruin/imperil/endanger/jeopardise(BrE) 都是vt危害,破坏(n)harm/damage/destruction/d
22、evastation恶化(v) worsen(vi,vt)/deteriorate(vi)导致某种问题更加恶化 amplify(vt)/magnify(vt)/exacerbate(vt)/aggravate(vt) a problem缓解 ease/alleviate/mitigate(vt)有特殊审美价值的老房子 old building of special aesthetic value(注意审美观的说法是aesthetic values复数)有特殊历史意义的老房子 building of historic significance居民 vernacular dwellings让城市更
23、美观 beautify(vt) the cities/better(vt) the cityscape破旧的(房子) decrepit/rundown/rickety/dilapidated(adj)拆除 tear down a building/demolish a building/raze a building/knock down a building高楼 high-rise buildings摩天楼 skyscrapers城市化 urbanization(n)城乡差距 the disparity(n) between the city and the countryside城市的 u
24、rban乡村的 rural搬迁 relocate(vi,vt)在家上班(v) telecommute(vi)休闲 leisure/recreation(n0精神上的享受(n) amusement and enjoyment(n)娱乐 entertainment/diversion宽松的管理(n) laissez-faire management(n)运营成本(n) operating costs/overhead cost雇用(v) recruit(vt)会导致效率降低的(adj) counterproductive劳动力资源 labour(BrE) pool人口爆炸 population e
25、xplosion(n)/population boom控制人口 birth control/family planning贫穷的 needy/poverty-stricken/impoverished/deprived/destitute/indigent富裕的 affluent/wealthy/well-off爱慕虚荣的 pretentious/ostentatious(adj)缺少运动的生活方式 sedentary(adj) lifestyle营养过剩 overnourishment(n)扶贫 poverty alleviation(n)Globalization(国家或者地区的)文化特性
26、 (national or regional) cultural identity 全球文化同一化过程(n,即地区文化特征消失) global cultural homogenization(n)文化同一性(或叫文化均质性) cultural homogeneity/cultural uniformity全球化是一把双刃剑 Globalization is a two-edged sword地球村 the global village席卷一切的潮流 sweeping trends有机结合东西方文化 synthesize the Asian and Western culture侵蚀 erode
27、(v)普遍的 universal(adj) Women & Families两性平等 gender equality性别歧视 sexism/gender discrimination一个开明的社会 a progressive/enlightened society被家务事拖累 be tied down by household chores生育孩子 child bearing(n)抚养孩子 child rearing(n)母性的本能 maternal instinct家务 housework/household chores抚养子女的方式 parenting代沟 generation gap/
28、disparity性格冲突 personality clashes老年人 elderly people/senior citizens青少年 adolescents/youngsters家庭成员间的情感纽带 family bonds/family ties归属感 a sense of belonging对。依恋(n) an attachment to sth/an affinity for sth贫穷的家庭 deprived family富裕的家庭 affluent families 家庭的培养 upbringing虐待 mistreat/abuse(vt)家庭暴力 domestic violence毒品上瘾(n) addiction to drugs/ be ad
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