机械手外文翻译立柱式助力机械手设计Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、专 业 机械工程及自动化 班 级 机自 0902 学 生 学 号 指导教师 二一三 年 三 月 十五 日Manufacturing Engineering and TechnologyMachining, 2004The Design of Hand Column Type Power MachineSerope kalpak jian,Steven R.SchmidShanghai Metallurgical Research Institute of Chinese Academy of SciencesAbstractMachine hand developed in recent de

2、cades as high-tech automated production equipment. Industrial machine hand is an important branch of industrial machine hands. It features can be programmed tasks in a variety of expectations, in both structure and performance advantages of their own people and machines, in particular, reflects the

3、peoples intelligence and adaptability. The accuracy of machine hand operations and a variety of environments the ability to complete the work in the field of national economy and there are broad prospects for development. With the development of industrial automation, there has been CNC marching cen

4、ter, it is in reducing labor intensity, while greatly improves labor productivity. However, the upper and lower common in CNC marching processes material, usually still use manual or traditional relay-controlled semi-automatic device. The former time-consuming and labor intensive, inefficient; the l

5、atter due to design complexity, require more relays, writing complexity, vulnerability to body vibration interference, while the existence of poor reliability, fault more maintenance problems and other issues. Programmable Logic Controller PLC-controlled machine hand control system for material up a

6、nd down movement is simple, circuit design is reasonable, while a strong anti-jamming capability, ensuring the systems reliability, reduced maintenance rate, and improve work efficiency. Machine hand technology related to mechanics, mechanics, electrical hydraulic technology, automatic control techn

7、ology, sensor technology and computer technology and other fields of science, is a cross-disciplinary technology.1. An overview of industrial manipulatorMachine hand is a kind of positioning control which can be automated and can be re-programmed to change in multi-functional machine, which has mult

8、iple degrees of freedom can be used to carry an object in order to complete the work in different environments. Low wages in China, plastic products industry, although still a labor-intensive, mechanical hand use has become increasingly popular. Electronics and automotive industries that Europe and

9、the Unites States multinational companies very early in their factories in China, the introduction of automated production. But now the changes are those found in industrial-intensive South China, East Chinas coastal areas, localplastic processing plants have also emerged in mechanical watches began

10、 to become increasingly interested in, because they have to face a high turnover rate of workers, as well as for the workers to pay work-related injuries fee challenges.With the rapid development of Chinas industrial production, especially the reform and opening up after the rapid increase in the de

11、gree of automation to achieve the work piece handling, steering, transmission or operation of brazing, spray gun, wrenches and other tools for processing and assembly operations since, which has more and more attracted our attention.Machine hand is to imitate the manual part of the action, according

12、 to a given program, track and requirements for automatic capture, handling or operation of the automatic mechanical devices.In real life, you will find this a problem. In the machine shop, the processing of parts loading time is not annoying, and labor productivity is not high, the cost of producti

13、on major, and sometimes man-made incidents will occur, resulting in processing were injures. Think about what could replace it with the processing time of a tour as long as there are a few people, and can operate 24 hours saturated human right? The answer is yes, but the machine hand can come to rep

14、lace it.Production of mechanical hand can increase the automation level of production and labor productivity; can reduce labor intensity, ensuring product quality, to achieve safe production; particularly in the high-temperature, high pressure, low temperature, low pressure, dust, explosive, toxic a

15、nd radioactive gases such as poor environment can replace the normal working people. Here I would like to think of designing a machine hand to be used in actual production.Why would a machine hand designed to provide a pneumatic power: pneumatic machine hand refers to the compressed air as power sou

16、rce-driven machine hand. With pressure-driven and other energy-driven comparison have the following advantages: 1. Air inexhaustible, used later discharged into the atmosphere, does not require recycling and disposal, do not pollute the environment. （Concept of environmental protection） 2. Air stick

17、 is small, the pipeline pressure loss is small （typically less than asphalt gas path pressure drop of one-thousandth）, to facilitate long-distance transport. 3. Compressed air of the working pressure is low （usually 4 to 8 kg/per square centimeter）, and therefore moving the material components and m

18、anufacturing accuracy requirements can be lowered. 4. With the hydraulic transmission, compared to its faster action and reaction, which is one of the advantages pneumatic outstanding. 5. The air cleaner media, it will not degenerate, not easy to plug the pipeline. But there are also places where it

19、 flies in the ointment:1. As the compressibility of air, resulting in poor aerodynamic stability of the work, resulting in the implementing agencies as the precision of the velocity and not easily controlled. 2. As the use of low atmospheric pressure, the output power cannot be too large; in order t

20、o increase the output power is bound to the structure of the entire pneumatic system size increased.2. The composition, mechanical handMachine hand in the form of a variety of forms, some relatively simple, some more complicated, but the basic form is the same as the composition of the, usually by t

21、he implementing agencies, transmission systems, control systems and auxiliary devices composed.1. Implementing agenciesManipulator executing agency by the hands, wrists, arm, pillars. Hands are crawling institutions, is used to clamp and release the work piece, and similar to human fingers, to compl

22、ete the staffing of similar actions. Wrist and fingers and the arm connecting the components can be up and down, left, and rotary movement. A simple mechanical hand cannot wrist. Pillars used to support the arm can also be made mobile as needed.2. TransmissionThe actuator to be achieved by the trans

23、mission system. Sub-transmission system commonly used manipulator mechanical transmission, hydraulic transmission, pneumatic and electric power transmission and other drive several forms.3. Control SystemManipulator control systems main role is to control the machine hand according to certain proced

24、ures, direction, position, speed of action, a simple mechanical hand is generally not set up a dedicated control system, using only trip switches, relays, control valves and circuits can be achieved dynamic drive system control, so that implementing agencies according to the requirements of action.

25、Action will have to use complex programmable machine hand controller, the micro-computer control.3. Mechanical hand classification and characteristicsMachine hands are generally divided into three categories: the first is the general machinery does not require manual hand. It is an independent not a

26、ffiliated with a particular host device. It can be programmed according to the needs of the task to complete the operation of the provisions. It is characterized with ordinary mechanical performance, also has general machinery, memory, intelligence ternary machinery. The second category is the need

27、to manually do it, called the operation of aircraft. It originated in the atom, military industry, first through the operation of machines to complete a particular job, and later developed to operate using radio signals to carry out detecting machines such as the Moon. Used in industrial manipulator

28、 also fall into this category. The third category is dedicated manipulator, the main subsidiary of the automatic machines or automatic lines, to solve the machine up and down the work piece material and delivery. This mechanical hand in foreign countries known as the “Mechanical Hand”, which is the

29、host of services, from the host-driven; exception of a few outside the working procedures are generally fixed, and therefore special.Main featuresFirst, mechanical hand （the upper and lower material machine hand, assembly machine hand, handling machine hand, stacking machine hand, help machine hand,

30、 vacuum handling machines, vacuum suction crane, labor-saving spreader, pneumatic balancer,etc.）Second, cantilever cranes （cantilever crane, electric chain hoist crane, air balance the hanging, etc.）Third, rail-type transport system （hanging rail, light rail, single girder cranes, double-beam crane）

31、Four, industrial machinery, application of handManipulator in the mechanization and automation of the production process developed a new type of device. In recent years, as electronic technology, especially computer extensive use of machine hand development and production of high-tech fields has bec

32、ome a rapidly developed a new technology, which further promoted the development of machine hand, allowing machine hand to better achieved with the combination of mechanization and automation.Although the machine hand is not as flexible as staff, but it has to the continuous duplication of work and labor, I do not know fatigue, not afraid of danger, the power snatch weight characteristics when compared with manual large, therefore, mechanical hand has been applied widely, for example:a） Machining the work p