说明类备战高考英语书面表达精校解析Word版Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、great/slightincrease/riseinhasbeensudden/slow/rapidfall/dropinItis20%lower/higherthannumber/ratenearlydoubled,asagainstoflastyear.numbertimesmuchofincreases/rises/decreases/reducesby times/ percent/2/3.3说明原因的句型：reasonforisthatOnemaythinkchangeresultlargelyresultsfactareseveralcausesthissignificantgr

2、owthFirstThisbringsoutimportanttha4结尾句型：Insummary,itimportant.whatdiscussedabove,drawconclusion Obviously,ifwantto,necessary.nodoubtattentionmustpaid模板01Topic _ is a most effective _to _. For most people, its almost impossible to _. _is really _.With the functions of _,it enables us to _.It can even

3、 _. Just imagine, all this can be done with _. A convenient tool can certainly make _, but it doesnt always help _.Too much _.Too many _.Relying too much on _ makes _. 点明要介绍的事物的必要性 介绍该事物对多数人的重要意义 该事物优势或显著特点 该事物的作用 进一步说明该事物的作用 说明该事物的重要性 承上启下，介绍事物的另一方面 该事物的负面影响一 该事物的负面影响二 总结说明过分使用该物品给我们带来的负面影响。模板02说明原

4、因型说明文模板Nowadays, there are more and morein some big cities. It is estimated that_.（用具体数据说明某现象）Why have there been so many? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first reason is that_.（原因一）Besides,_.（原因二）The third reason is_.（原因三）To sum up, the main cause ofis due to_.（指出主要原因）It is high tim

5、e that something should be done. For one thing,_.（解决建议一）For another thing,. All these measures will certainly_.（解决建议二）模板03描述事物型说明文模板What I have known aboutis that_.（具体描述某事物）Firstly,_.（描述要点一）_.（具体阐述要点一）Secondly,_.（描述要点二）（具体阐述要点二）_. As a college student,_.（结合自身描述要点三）All in all,_.（做出总结）Therefore, we sh

6、ould_.（提出建议）模板04问题解决型说明文模板In recent days, there has been a problem, which is becoming more and more serious.（说明问题及其现状）First,_. Second,_.（进一步阐释现状）We should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, _. For another thing, _. Finally, _.（列举解决该问题的方法）Personally, I beli

7、eve that _/Consequently, Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because _.（结尾段，指出我的信心及理由）模板05说明利弊题型说明文模板 Nowadays, many people prefer A because it is playing a more and more important role in our daily life. Generally/Generally speaking/On the whole, its advantages can be seen as follows./

8、it has the following advantages. First of all, _ （A的优点之一）. Besides,/Whats more, _A的优点之二）. However, every coin has two sides./Everything has both advantages and disadvantages. The negative aspects are also apparent./Its disadvantages are also obvious. One of the important disadvantages is that _ （A的第

9、一个缺点）To make matters worse,/To make the matter worse,/To make things worse/Whats worse, _（A的第二个缺点） Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones./The above analysis shows us that it has more advantages than disadvantages. Therefore, I would like to _ （我的

10、看法） （From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only in this way can we_（对前景的预测） 这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景作出预测）。文章结构一般分为三部分：第一部分，说明事物现状；第二部分，事物本身的优缺点（

11、或一方面）；第三部分，你对现状（或前景）的看法。典例01（2018年新课标全国卷I）假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1到达时间；2合适的礼物；3餐桌礼仪。注意：1词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【试题分析】2018年全国卷I书面表达体裁为应用文电子邮件，内容为回复外国朋友Terry的邮件，向其介绍在中国家庭做客方面的相关习俗。要求文中涵盖试题给出的三方面内容要点，即到达时间、合适的礼物和餐桌礼仪。该题型和内容设计紧密联系考生实际，但是，餐桌礼仪这个普通得再普通不过的日常小节反而在生活中被很多中学生忽略

12、了。如果没有跨文化对比凝练出的思维品格和文化素养的意识，学生很难在短时间内写出中国老百姓的餐桌礼仪文化。例如受邀赴宴客人可以准时到达但切忌过早到达。外地客人所带礼物常见为能体现客人当地特色的物品。但注意，传统的中国人收到礼物后一般不会当着客人的面打开。中国餐桌为圆桌，正对门的位置为上座，一般为长者位置。 中国人特别尊敬长辈，用餐时，需等长辈先动筷子。吃饭时不得发出声响，强调“食不语寝不言”等。中国地域广文化差异也很大，给予思维发散的考生提供了充分表达自己的空间和机会。在宣传中国习俗文化的同时，对考生的跨文化意识、思维品质提出了更高的要求，鼓励考生站在外国人的角度讲中国习俗特色，积极调动语言，阐

13、明事实，表明差异。【思路点拨】本文是一篇电子邮件类应用文写作。餐桌礼仪也是考生比较熟悉的话题。成文时注意以下几点：一、内容要点要齐全1到达时间；二、时态：主要用一般现在时和将来时；三、人称：第二、三人称。四、注意使用恰当的高级词汇、短语或句型，以提高作文的水平；五、适当使用一些连接词和插入语，使文章表达自然、流畅。1. 浏览信息要点2.三个任务点，第一段内容：问候对方，马上呈现对方所涉及的话题，拜访中国家庭，做客时间的要求和忌讳! 第二段内容：做客拜访的合适礼物，可以适当延展，初次拜访，亲密朋友之间拜访，二次拜访，家庭情况适合的礼物，通用的礼物等。第三段：table manners,可以描述两

14、三个通常的中国人的餐桌礼节和忌讳的地方，有鲜明特色之处，最后一句表达祝愿。3.时态，给对方的建议和说明，用一般现在时，描述风俗礼仪这是客观规律性的东西，用一般现在时。4.头脑风暴短语、句型结构，开始打草稿5.行文6.检查拼写和语法。【满分范文】 Dear Terry,How are you doing? Learning that you are about to pay a visit to a Chinese friend and confused about the Chinese customs, I am writing to put forward some advice.Firs

15、tly, I would like to suggest that you arrive 5 to 10 minutes earlier, which is common in Chinese traditional culture. Secondly, if I were you, I would bring some appropriate gifts with me, such as souvenirs from my own country. Besides, table manners are also what you should pay attention to. For ex

16、ample, you are not supposed to stick your chopsticks into your food. Instead, laying them on your dish is a smart choice.If you have any other problems, please dont hesitate to contact me. Yours Li Hua【素材积累】做客礼仪：2.如果有专属地域文化特色的礼物是最好的。如果朋友家有长辈，带点烟酒和茶叶或一些老人家用的保健品等；如果朋友家有小孩，带点儿童玩具或买箱牛奶，然后加点烟酒或茶叶；不要送钟、梨、

17、伞等这些东西，被认为不吉祥。3.主人会请客人入座上席，再请长辈入座客人旁。入座的时侯要从椅子的左边进入。在中餐结束时，筷子应整齐地放在靠碗右边的桌上，并应等客人们都放下筷子以后，主人示意离席后方可以离开，不能自己吃完了放下筷子就走，这样做是很没礼貌的表现。常用词语和句子准时 on time/punctually餐桌礼仪 table manners 合适的、恰当的 appropriate拜访 pay a visit toYou are supposed/expected/required to doIts a good idea toIts appropriate/suitable to do

18、Its sensible/reasonable/advisable to do Its good manners to do Its noteworthy thatI think it would be more helpful if you could doIt would be wise of you toIts desirable to do Its inappropriate to do Its impolite to doIts unwise/inadvisable to do Never （助动词/系动词/情态动词）主语+谓语动词Its not suitable for you t

19、o doin such a situation.典例02（2018年新课标全国卷III）假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter 来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括：1. 学校的体育场馆；2. 主要的运动项目；3. 你喜欢的项目。1. 词数100左右：2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_本题作文为提纲式作文，形式依然是书信，即给英国朋友Peter介绍学校体育运动情况，属于学校生活话题。这一话题贴合学生生活的实际，学生并不陌生，有话可说。用一般现在时态，第一人称的方式来写。Dear Peter, I am exceedingly delighted to hear from yo

20、u. You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following information may give you a rough sketch.To begin with, a fabulous new stadium has been built up, which has become the new landmark in our school. Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports

21、events are able to be held, of which ping-pong, football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity. As for me, Im intoxicated with basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life.All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for y

22、ourself.Yours, Li Hua典例03 （2016四川）某中学生英文报正举办The Season I Like Best的征文活动，请用英文写一篇短文投稿，内容应包括： 1. 你最喜欢的季节； 2. 你喜欢该季节的两条理由（如：气候、景色、活动、感受）。 1. 词数100左右； 2. 题目已为你写好； 3. 行文连贯，语篇完整； 4. 文中不得透露个人真实信息。_审题时考生需要注意三点：1. 既然是为征文活动写的短文，那么最好增加标题（题干已给出），注意和书信类的应用文有所区别。2. 如前所述，内容主体虽然只涉及两个大方面，但陈述两条理由的时候需要有层次地展开：既可以从客观事实和主

23、观感受两方面来写，也可以从季节本身的自然属性和发生在季节中的人文活动入手，这是该作文要求中比较灵活的部分。3. 需要增加文章开头和结尾部分，以保证语篇的完整性和逻辑的通畅性，这是该作文要求中比较开放的部分。这三点，是难点，也是失分点。【参考范文】The Season I Like Best Each of us knows that there are four seasons a year. Different people like different seasons; my favourite season is spring. I love to smell the fragrance of flowers, see the new green trees and hear the singing of small birds. There are many busy butterflies and bees over the flowers. Sometimes it rains, but usually rains quietly. The rain moistens the trees and the flowers. And I can play outside, too! Whether we like riding