高考英语短文改错解题策略与技巧Word格式.docx

1、 4. . but she marked strictly on students actual performance . Key: 1. ideasidea 2. skiessky 3. waysway 4. studentsstudents （二） 动词方面的错误 动词错误在短文改错中所占比重最大，它所涉及的错误包括动词的时态、语态错误；易混动词的用法错误；动词的第三人称单数错误；动词的非谓语形式，以及动词的句型搭配错误等。在改错题中，动词方面的考查比例较大。（1）. 时态混用I stood there and couldnt believe that a complete strang

2、er is so thoughtful.很显然此句子主时态是一般过去式，因此应把is改为was。（2）. 主谓不一致There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening.句中a football game决定了谓语动词必须用单数，所以应该把were改为was。（3）. 语态（主动、被动、虚拟等）Dinosaurs were disappeared in the old times.“恐龙消失”是主动，所以应该把were去掉。英语中不及物动词没有被动。如：appear，happen，break out，take place等。（4）. 非谓

3、语动词，The hole became bigger and bigger. The air keeps the balloon up was escaping第二句的主谓语动词是was escaping，keeping the balloon up,是V-ing形式作定语修饰the air，因此应把keeps改为keeping。It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expect anything in return.在结构it is / was + adj. to do sth中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to

4、do sth。因此在give前加to。without是介词，介词后跟V-ing形式，故expect改为expecting。 小试牛刀：1. The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon . 2. I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person. 3. How about join us? The camp is at the foot of a small hill. 4. Ill send my friend Charl

5、ie meet you at the airport. 1. keepskeeping 2. becomingbecome 3. joinjoining 4. meetto meet （三） 形容词、副词方面的错误 这类错误多指误用形容词修饰形容词，误用副词修饰名词，误用形容词修饰动词，误用形容词或副词的原级、比较级和最高级以及误用带-ly的副词与不带-ly的副词等，特别注意根据上下文该用比较级而未用的“暗中比较”。 （1） so I grateful accepted the offer.实意动词应用副词修饰，故把grateful改为gratefully。英语中形容词往往用来修饰名词或跟在系

6、动词后作表语等；副词修饰动词、形容词、整个句子等。（2） Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his better-known one.better-known应该改为best-known。三或三者以上比较用最高级；句中of all the songs提供了信息。（3） John studies much more harder than any of the others.harder已经是比较级形式，因此把more去掉。形容词和副词比较级前可用much，still，even，a lot，rat

7、her等来修饰。 1. They came back lately and had some tea. 2. you always gave me specially attention . 3. . they fly down immediate and catch them without delay. 4. Yes，it is clearly that your life in your country is quite different from . 5. I know you are particular interested in Human Rights. 6. Last ye

8、ar, my English teacher proved to be the more popular in our school. 1. latelylate 2. speciallyspecial 3. immediateimmediately 4. clearlyclear 5. particularparticularly 6. moremost （四） 连词方面的错误 短文改错中出现连词就要判断连词用的是否正确，是否符合句子意思；连接的是词还是句子，是否符合逻辑关系。此外如果是平行结构就要注意前后时态、语态、词性一致问题平行结构常借助与并列连词and, or, but, not o

9、nlybut also, notbut, eitheror, neither nor, as well as等，though不与but连用，because不与so连用等。（1） This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferred to give it to连词前后两个句子之间是转折关系，因此把and改为but。I didnt review the text very well but I could only answer three out from the twenty questions.连词前后两个句子之间是因果关系，因

10、此把but改为so。此考点的关键在于判断行文逻辑正确与否。（2） While I first entered my senior middle school, everything seemed unpleasant.while作连词，“当时”，后跟的从句谓语动词须为延续性动词，因此把while改成when。（3） Although he made great progress, but he still worked hard.although / though不能与but连用，因此把but去掉。 1. It started to rise higher again. So it was s

11、till too close to the water. 2. I became very active but made new friends. 3. My hometown is a pretty city, so people there are kind and polite. 4. While they find fish come to the surface, they fly down immediately. 5. Both your aunt or I look forward to seeing you again. 1. SoBut 2. butand 3. soan

12、d 4. WhileWhen 5. orand （五） 代词方面的错误 这类错误主要包括形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的误用，关系代词、连接代词的误用，代词主格与代词宾格的误用，代词单数与代词复数的误用，各个不定代词之间的误用，反身代词与代词宾格之间的误用，代词的指代错误，定语从句中多用代词等。（1） The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.the Smiths指“史密斯夫妇俩”，因此应该把his改为their。（2） Tom sits between Mary and I.between是介词，介词后跟人称代词的宾格，故把I改为me。

13、（3） I can express me in English freely.me改为myself。当主语和宾语指的是同一个人时，宾语往往用反身代词。（4） I find difficult to make friends with you. 我发现跟你交朋友很难。在find后加it。英语中，形式主语、形式宾语用it。（5） he preferred to give it to everyone else.根据句意，everyone改为someone。someone else意为“其他人”。1. . the men threw away most of his clothes to save

14、themselves. 2. a lot of white birds come to my city for food. I can wait patiently above the sea for quite a long . 3. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child，they will go hungry. 4. That night, we sat down to what they thought would be a pleasant, uninterru

15、pted . 5. I just smiled to me and thought . 6. your life in your country is quite different from me. 7. Everybody sleeps in tents, that is very exciting. 1. histheir 2. IThey 3. theyhe 4. theywe 5. memyself 6. memine 7. thatwhich （六） 介词方面的错误 这类错误多指漏掉介词、多用介词或介词与其他词语搭配的错误等。（1） 介词缺漏Tell them something

16、youre interested,be interested in sth意为“对感兴趣”，因此在interested后加in。（2） 介词多余People like swimming in summer because of water makes them feel cool.此题考查对becauseof与because用法的辨别区分。前者不能接句子，而后者充当连词可以接句子。所以应该把of去掉。（3） 介词用错（一般为固定搭配）Could you share your experiences for us?share sth. with sb.意思是“与某人分享某事”，故把for改为wi

17、th。（4） 介词混用a truck came to a stop besides us.一辆卡车在我旁边停下来，因此把besides改为beside。 1. The crowd waiting for to greet them in England was very surprised . 2. He was looking for a glass the cupboard. 3. After autumn arrives，the city looks as an old man with leaves . 4. . he can no longer expect others to pa

18、y his food, his clothes . 5. On the front door stood a five-year-old boy from across the street. 6. Could you share your experience for us? 7. My mother was a career woman and had her own problems to take care. 1. 去掉for 2. the前面加in 3. aslike 4. pay后面加for 5. OnAt 6. forwith 7. care后面加of （七） 冠词方面的错误 这

19、类错误多指a（n）与the的误用，a与an的误用。有时也表现为:单数可数名词前面该用冠词的地方缺少冠词，不该用冠词的地方多了冠词。（1） Although we have been members for a short period of time, we have made a great progress.progress是不可数名词，故前不能用不定冠词，因此把great progress前的a去掉。（2） I sat in the front of the TV at 7 oclock, when the game just began.区分in front of sth和in the

20、 front of sth. in the front of sth指在事物（sth）内部空间的前面，比如说I prefer to travel in the front of the car.（我愿意坐在汽车的前面）；而in front of sth是指事物（sth）外部空间的前面，比如说the car stops in front of the house（汽车停在房前）。因此原文中应该把the去掉。（3） As we all left home at early age, we met lots of problems in our daily life.at an - age固定搭配词

21、组，表示“出于-年龄”，比如说at an early/tender age，可以翻译为“很小/年幼的时候”（4） and offered us a umbrella because .把a改为an。冠词后单词的第一个音是元音，用an。例：an honest man，an important role; a useful book，a university。 1. An American and a Frenchman decided to cross the sea between France and England in the balloon in 1784. 2. the popula

22、r teacher is at same time the one who should be strict with . 3. And if he breaks the law of society ., he may go to the prison. 4. so we will have plenty of spare time to visit the area and have a fun. 1. the balloona balloon 2. same前面加the 3. 去掉prison前面的the 4. 去掉fun前面的a （八） 时态、语态方面的错误 这类错误主要为现在时态与过

23、去时态、主动语态与被动语态的误用。做题时，应注意把握文中动词时态的呼应规律，注意把握诸个并列动词的时态、语态的呼应规律。 1. We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel before. 2. Today，I got a letter that said I had been admitting to a college. 3. We hung a sign on the front door that was read: “Were having dinner .” 4. sometimes all that is

24、need is someone to rely on. 5. Ill send my friend Charlie to meet you at the airport when you arrived. 1. havehad 2. admittingadmitted 3. 去掉was 4. needneeded 5. arrivedarrive （九） 主谓一致方面的错误 这类错误主要指主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词形式的错误。因此做题时，要注意谓语动词的形式要和句子主语在人称和数上保持一致。（1） Playing football not only makes us grow up tal

25、l and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit. （give 改为 gives，它与makes 为平行结构，构成并列谓语动词） （2） Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.（is 改为 are，因主语是 my picture and the prize，故谓语动词要用复数） （3） But then there is always more mysteries to look into. （is 改为 are，因其后的 mysterie

26、s 为复数，故谓语动词要用复数） （4） But not all information are good to society. （are改为is，因为主语是不可数名词information，表单数） 1. “I just want to know what the sign say.” 2. Anyone can borrow books if he or she wish. 3. Here are the information about Manchester University. 4. What may surprise you are that Im going to . 1.

27、saysays 2. wishwishes 3. areis 4. areis （十） 短语、句型固定搭配错误 主要考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配；副词、动词的固定搭配；及物动词后多介词或副词以及不及物动词后少介词，英语中的一些固定句型与习惯搭配等。 1. My teacher advised me to keep my diary. keep a diary是固定搭配，意思是“写日记”. 2. In my surprise, he did very well in his previous job. To ones surprise 是固定搭配 3. I thought that w

28、as dull to watch a game 此题考查it的功能，It + be + adj. + to do为固定结构。 （十一） 从句、句式错误短文改错对从句引导词的考查主要涉及根据句意正确选用引导词、引导词的误加与漏用、将不是从句的东西误认为是从句而误加引导词等。（1） Im going to see the film I missed it last Friday.把it去掉；I missed 是省略了that的定语从句，it多余。My father has two brothers, both of them are all Party members.句子之间需要连接词衔接。这是一个含有定语从句的主从复合句，故把both of them改为both of whom。（2） We Chinese people have always been concerned about which has happened in your area.原文中需要一个连接词承接前后连个句子，这个连接词充当be concerned about引导宾语从句中的主语，所以应该把which改为what。（3） The