英语四级写作类型Word文件下载.docx

1、People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hol

2、d different attitudes towards the issue.这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。When asked ., some people think. while some prefer.说到_，有人认为_，而另一些人则认为_。Just as the saying goes: so many people, so many minds. It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.俗话说，。不同的人对此有不同的看法

3、是可以理解的。To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that.万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，_。When it comes to ., most people believe that ., but other people regard . as .提到_问题，很多人认为_，不过，一些人则认为_是_.When fac

4、ed with., quite a few people claim that ., but other people think as.提到_问题，仅少数人认为_，但另一些人则认为_。There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of . There who criticize .argue that ., they believe that ., but people who favor ., on the other hand, argue that.目前，_问题争议较大。批判_的人认为_，他们认为_，不过，另一方面，赞同_的

5、人则认为_。Some people are of the opinion that.有些人认为_。范例：Directions:In this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words on The Increase in the Number of Chinese Traveling Abroad. 1） State the changes in the number of Chinese traveling abroad in the past three years.2

6、） Give possible reasons for the changes. With the rapid development of economy, the number of Chinese traveling abroad has increased enormously, which definitely benefits both China and the world.In the past three years, the number of Chinese traveling abroad has kept a high growth rate. In accordan

7、ce with the figures from a survey, there were about 7.5 million people traveling abroad in 1999. In the year after 1999, the number continued to rise. By 2000, it reached 10 million people. And the year 2001 saw an ever-growing number of 12.1 million people going abroad.The reasons why the number of

8、 Chinese traveling abroad grows so rapidly are just as follows. First of all, after 20 years reform and opening up to the world, our economy has developed very quickly. Now Chinese have more money in their pockets than before. They can do whatever they want. Moreover, with more spare money in their

9、hands, many Chinese would like to better the quality of their lives by going out to see different people, to hear different ideas and experience different cultures. And traveling abroad is just one way on the list to meet their demands.From the above analysis, we can easily draw the conclusion that

10、such an increase in the number of people traveling abroad is reasonable and will continue to prove on a rise.2，英语四级作文模板-图表类型一、 图表作文的类型 二、 图表作文的出题形式三、 图表作文的写作要领 四、 图表作文练习及其参考范文图表作文也是四（六）级考试中常见，而且被认为是一种较难的作文形式。图表作文就是把非文字信息（通常为各种图表表示的数字信息等）转换成文字信息的一种作文。它要求我们用文字来描述非文字性的图表或对图表显示的关系作解释说明。下面我们先来看一看图表作文的类型。

11、第一节 图表作文的类型图表作文可分为两大类：表作文和图作文。图表作文表格（Table）可以使大量数据系统化，便于阅读、比较。表格常由标题（Title）、表头（Boxhead）（表格的第一行）、侧目（Stub）（表格左边的第一列）和主体（Body）部分（表格的其余部分）等部分组成。如下表：用表格表达的信息具体准确，而且表格中的各项均按一定规律排列。阅读表格时要注意找出表格中各个项目的相互关系，表格中各个项目的变化规律。例如，上面的表格中的数字说明，和1978年相比，1983年大学入学的人数在增加，而小学的入学人数在减少。搞清楚这些变化规律也就读懂了表格的内容。图作文图作文又可分为三种：圆形图作文

12、、曲线图作文和条状图作文。（1） 圆形图作文圆形图（Pie chart）也称为饼状图或圆面分割图。圆形图因为比较形象和直观，各部分空间大小差别容易分辨，所以常用来表示总量和各分量之间的百分比关系。整个圆表示总量，楔形块表示分量。有时圆形图还有数值表，两者结合可把各分量表示得更准确、清楚。例如：This is a pie chart of the average weekly expenditure of a family in Great Britain. As can be see from the chart, the main expenditure of an average Brit

13、ish family is spent on food, which accounts for 25% of its total expenditure. The next two significant expending items are transport and housing, which are 15% and 12% respectively. If we take into account clothing and footwear, which makes up 10%, the four essentials of life, that is, food, transpo

14、rt, housing, and clothing and footwear, amount to 62% of the total expenditure.（2） 曲线图作文曲线图（Line graph）也称为线性图或坐标图。曲线图最适合表示两个变量之间关系的发展过程和趋势。一般来说，曲线所呈现的形状比某一点所代表的变量的值更有意义。曲线图有横轴和纵轴。一般先看横轴所代表的数量或时间等，然后再看纵轴所显示的意义。同时必须找出线条所反映的最高或最低的变化。这个曲线图的横轴代表1990年的不同的月份，纵轴代表交通事故的数量。从交通事故曲线图上可知，前八个月的交通事故的数量有升有降。曲线图在八月份

15、升到了最高点（39），此后一直呈下降的趋势，十二月份降到了最低点（16）。可见，1990年的交通事故的数量总体上呈下降的趋势。（3） 条形图作文条形图（Bar graph）也称为立柱图或圆柱图。条形图由宽度相同但长度不同的条块代表不同的量。当要比较几个项目或量时，常用不同颜色来区分。条形图主要用来表示：1）同一项目在不同时间的量；2）同一时间不同项目的量。阅读条形图时，要先看图例，再看横轴、纵横各代表什么量，每一个刻度所代表的值是多少，最后找出图中各长条所表示的数据及各长条间的相互关系。左边的条形图的横轴代表时间，纵轴代表期望寿命（Life Expectancy），这一条形图想要体现的是同一项

16、目（期望寿命）在不同时间的量。右边的条形图的横轴也是代表时间，纵轴是代表婴儿的死亡率（Infant Mortality），这一条形图想要体现的也是同一项目（婴儿的死亡率）在不同时间的量。左边的条形图表明1990年的人均期望寿命比1960年的人均期望寿命长20岁，而1990年的婴儿死亡率比1960年的婴儿死亡率下降了50%。第二节 图表作文的出题形式我们先来看几个四（六）级考试中的图表作文的例子。例1 题目：Changes in Peoples Diet （1991年6月四级试题）Study the following table carefully and your composition m

17、ust be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to :1. state the changes in peoples diet （饮食） in the past five years;2. give possible reasons for the changes;3. draw your own conclusions.You should quote as few figures as possible.例2 题目：Car Accidents Declining in Walton Ci

18、ty （1991年6月6级试题）Remember that your composition must be written according to the following outline;1. Rise and fall of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph;2. Possible reason（s） for the decline of car accidents in the city;3. Your predictions of what will happen this year.Your composit

19、ion should be no less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as possible.例3 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Health Gain in Developing Countries. Your composition must be no less than 120 words and you should base your composition on the follo

20、wing instructions （given in Chinese）:1. 以下图为依据描述发展中国家的期望寿命（life expectancy）和婴儿死亡率（infant mortality）的变化情况2. 说明引起变化的各种原因从以上例子可见，图表作文一般在题目中给出作文的标题和一个或几个统计表格、圆形图、曲线图或条形图，有时还用英文或中文提纲的形式给出提示，要求我们：1）用文字描述图表，客观解释图表中所传递的信息，并找出某种规律或趋势；2）就图表中所反映的某种趋势或问题分析其原因或后果。第三节 图表作文的写作要领图表作文着重说明事实，常常是通过对图表中所反映的具体数据的说明、分析、比

21、较，对某种事物或现象的事实或变化情况等加以说明，并提出结论或看法。因此，图表作文常常采用议论文体的写作方法。写好图表作文，关键在于能否读懂图表中所提供的信息，把握各信息间的联系，用准确流畅的语言把这一信息表达出来，并就这一信息发表自己的看法。图表作文的写作步骤写图表作文时，要注意遵循以下步骤：1）认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系；2）确定文章的主题思想，构思出文章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据；3）编列文章的提纲；4）根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之间的衔接与过渡；5）检查与修改。 图表作文的篇章结构写图

22、表作文时，常采用三段式的谋篇方式。文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为：第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想第二段：分析产生的原因第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议图表作文常用的句型（1）常用的开篇句型（即概述图表内容时常用的表达法） According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph, we can see/conclude that 根据该表/图，我们可知 The table/graph re

23、veals （shows/indicates/illustrates/ represents/points out） that 该表/图表明 As we can see from the table As can be seen from the line/bar graph As is shown （illustrated/indicated） in the pie chart 如表/图所示，（2） 描述增减变化常用的句型 Compared with is still increased by The number of grew/rose from to An increase is sh

24、own in ; then came a sharp increase of In the number remains the same/drops to There was a very slight （small/slow/gradual） rise/increase in 1990. There was a very steady （marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/ dramatic） drop （decrease/decline/fall/reduction） in 1998/ compared with that of last year）.好，下面我们来看一篇

25、根据例2的题目要求写的范文。From the graph, we can see that the number of car accidents in Walton city fluctuated during the year of 1990. The first two months of 1990 showed an increasing trend. The rate rose to 32 in March but fell to 26 in June. From June on, the rate was rising again and reached the peak poin

26、t 39 in August. After August the rate began to decline remarkably, and eventually dropped to the lowest point 16 at the end of the year. Therefore, its obvious that car accident in Walton city declined in 1990.主题句/概述表格反映的内容（5）反映交通事故的变化情况（6）小结：总结表格数据反映的总趋势There are several reasons for the decline. Fi

27、rst, a new traffic law was made and came into force. It provided that in summer every car must be air-conditioned. As a result, the highest rate in August, when humidity and high temperature make drivers impatient and easily lead to car accidents, dropped steadily. Second, new roads were built and s

28、ome narrow streets were widened, which quickened the flow of traffic. Finally, the city administration made great efforts to heighten peoples awareness of observing traffic rules.主题句原因/措施一解释措施一/次要辅助采取措施一后的结果原因/措施二原因/措施三With all these new measures, Im sure the rate of car accidents in Walton city will go on falling this year.总结：展望未来的情况小结：这一讲我主要讲了图表作文的类型、出题形式及其写作要领。下面我们进行写作练习。我将给大家一个作文题，请大家根据这一讲的内容，在30分钟内完成。大家在写作的过程中要注意审题，考虑文章的结构、采用的扩展方法、开头的结尾的方法以及文章中