高考英语语法填空解题技巧.doc

1、 高考英语语法填空解题技巧题型解读：一篇200字左右的短文或对话5-7个空白根据给出单词的正确形式填空3-5个根据上下文填写空白处所需内容能力考查： 理解语篇、句子结构、 运用语法、单词拼写。语法填空的考点或考查内容是：(1)纯空格题：通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。一个空格只能填一个单词(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级、词类转换等。一个空格可以填1，2，3个单词一 有提示词类试题的答题要诀（一）给出了动词的试题的解题技巧首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。技巧1：1）看位置。在主语后与主语构

2、成主谓结构，那么填谓语动词，要考虑时态语态以及主谓一致。2）看是否有并列连词and, but, so等做标志，做并列谓语例句1：His fear of failure _(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joy.解析：因主语His fear of failure 后没有别的谓语动词，需填的动词应为谓语动词；因主语与keep是主动关系，应用主动语态；由从句谓语动词played 可知，要用一般过去时，故填kept.例句2：1 That was completely not a good idea ,so

3、I politely refused her invitation, 40 (close) my book and walked away. 解析：虽然句中已有谓语动词refused，但由and walked可知，所填词与refused和walked是并列关系，所以也用一般过去式closed。牛刀小试1：1 My brother _(succeed) in winning the election last week.2 More than 2,000 people are _(employ).3 The first card _ (design) by the boy last week4

4、Mr. Smith stood up , _(pick) up his book and left.技巧2若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用ing形式、ed形式，还是用不定式形式。（to do/ to be done)确定方法如下： Ving形式表主动，进行.或作主语；宾语 Ved形式表被动，完成 To do形式表主动，将来，例句1：It is important for us _(learn) English.解析：句中有谓语动词is, it是形式主语，后面用不定式作真正的主语。所以填to learn.例句2：_(take) exercis

5、e is of great benefit to us.解析：句中有谓语动词is, 所以take应为非谓语；分析句子成分，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词。故填Taking.例句3：_(catch) the first bus, he got up early.解析：句中有谓语动词got up, 所以catch 应为非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析，作状语，表目的，故要用不定式而且主动的，To catch.例句4：The teacher entered the classroom, _( follow) by some students.解析：句中已有谓语entered, 而follow又不是与之

6、并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因为the teacher 与follow 是被动关系，故用过去分词作伴随状语,followed.例句5：He saw the stone, _(say) to himself, “The night will be dark”.解析：句中已有谓语saw, 且没有并列连词构成并列谓语，所以，所给动词应当是非谓语；又因He和say是主动关系，故填saying 作伴随状语。例句6：Lessons _(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.解析：因句中已有谓语can help, 所以lea

7、rn 应为非谓语动词；又因lesson与learn 是被动关系，要用过去分词短语作后置定语，故填learned.牛刀小试2：1 The teacher walked around _( inspect).2 Sorry, I cant go with you. Im _( suffer) from a serious headache.3 With time _(go) by , he has explored more and more fields4 _( host) the Olympics Games is also a great responsibility.5 We all wa

8、nt to have the problem _( solve) in a peaceful way.6 He cant say a word, _( point) at the notice on the wall angrily.7 The film _( base) on the novel is so interesting.8 The game _( design) for children to develop their interest in maths is popular with the kids.9 _ (see) the big snake, the little g

9、irl was frightened.10 _ (ask) why he stole the book, he kept silent.二 词类转换题的解题技巧（一）作表语，定语或补语，通常用形容词形式 根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。例句1：The boy immediately felt _ (silence) when he heard the bad news.解析：因在系动词felt后作表语，用形容词，故填silent。例句2：If diseased tissue is found ,a _ (power) laser（激光） can be used to burn it

10、away解析：在冠词与名词之间，要用形容词，作定语，故填powerful。例句3：Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _ (interest) in the subject解析：因所填词在句中作宾语most of their students的补足语，用形容词；表示“感兴趣的”，填interested。牛刀小试3：1 Mike was a _(rely) man and I think you can rely on him.2 He cant stand (忍受) people who are _( crue

11、lty)3 Tom made his mother _( anger) because of his rudeness.（二）作主语、及物动词或介词后宾语，在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，或“冠词+形容词”后，用名词形式；有时需要注意名词复数。 例句 1: John Snow was able to announce with certainty (certain). 2：On December 10, the anniversary of the death (die) of Nobel 3: Recognizing your bad eating habits is of great impo

12、rtance (important) in correcting the behavior.牛刀小试4：1 They carried the children to _( safe) 2 I hold the _(believe) that we can overcome the difficulties. 3 On his _( arrive), he was given a warm welcome.（三）修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式 例句 1 Sadly (sad) the library had moved from its original place in

13、to another building. (副词修饰整个句子) 2 By bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly (swift) （所给词修饰动词move）牛刀小试5：1 He looked calm, but _( actual) he was nervous. 2 Mother has not yet recovered from the serious illness, but her health is improving _( gradual) day by day. 3 Anyone, whether

14、he is an official or a bus driver, should be _( equal) respected.（四）有可能是词类不用变，主要是考察1 具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-等，在词根后加-less等 2 比较级/最高级 3 名词变复数例句1 He has strong determination and is unwilling (willing) to give up the opportunity. ( 他有很强的决心，不愿意放弃这次机会) 2 One main disadvantage (advantage) of this area is that the public transport is not convenient. (这个地区一个主要缺点是公共交通不便利)3 Social customs_( custom) are different from co