完整版人教版高中英语必修三unit4知识点汇总及练习Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、发展developed adj. 发达的developing adj. 发展的4. lay vt.放下；摆设；产（蛋） lay-laid-laid-layinglie vi. 躺，平放；位于lie-lay-lain-lyinglie n.&vi. 谎话；说谎lie-lied-lied-lying5. prevent vt. 预防，防止prevention n.预防；阻止；妨碍preventable adj.可防止的，可预防的6. gentle adj.和蔼的；轻柔的gently adv.温和地；静静地7. physics n.物理，物理学physicist n.物理学家physical adj

2、.身体的；物理（学）的；物质的 重点单词 1. system n.c 系统；体系；制度；方法 2. lay vt. （laid, laid, laying） 把放下；铺（地毯） ；产（蛋）3. harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的 4. exist vi. 存在；生存 5. puzzle v.（使）迷惑；（使）苦思 n.谜；难题6. pull v.拉，拖，拔；移动 n.拉，拖；拉（引）力7. cheer vt.&vi. （使）高兴、振奋；（对）欢呼 词组1. to begin with 以开始；由作为开头；首先2. in time 及时；最终；迟早3. in one s turn 轮到某人

3、；接着4. prevent.from 使不做事；阻止做某事5. block out 挡住（光线）6. be off = set off 出发；动身；不用上班/学/开张7. break out （灾难、战争等）突发；爆发8. watch out 密切注视；当心；提防 重点句子1. It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the

4、earth s atmosphere.2. That made it possible for life to begin to develop.3. But when I tried to step forward I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.重点语法宾语从句和表语从句（见语法部分）语言要点.词语辨析 1. loudly / loud / aloud【解释】 loudly adv 响亮地，高声地 loud adj/adv 与sing, speak, talk连用aloud adv 相对默读而

5、言；出声【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1）. Will you please speak _? 2）. It is good for you to read English _ every morning. 3）. The bomb exploded _.4）. Is her voice _ enough ?5）. Action speaks _ than words （事实胜于雄辩）. 2. unlike / dislike【解释】unlike prep. 不像，和不同 adj. 作表语 不相似；不同dislike vt./n. 不喜爱，厌恶1）. A good hotel m

6、anager should know his regular guests likes and _.2）. Her latest novel is quite _ her earlier work.3）. If you go on like that you ll get yourself _ （like）.4）. I was very interested in the lecture, _ many of the students.3. remain/leaveremain vi. 仍然是；留下；剩下常用句型：remain + n. 仍然是 remain + adj./adv./prep.

7、 仍然是 remain + v-ed/v-ing 仍然是 remain to be done有待去做，依然要做leave vt. 剩下，忽略或未拿或未带（某物），使或让（某人、事物）处某状态某地等leave sb. sth. / leave sth. to sb. 给某人留下某物leave sth （for sb） 留下，交待下（某物） leave sth to sb 将某物遗赠给某人remaining/left两者都可以作形容词，表示“剩下的”，前者用于被修饰的名词之前，后者用于被修饰的名词之后。1）. Someone _ you this note while you were out.

8、2）. After the earthquake, little _ of the village. 3）. He used the _ money to buy a dictionary.4）. After buying the dictionary, he had not much money_. 5）. Arriving home, I found that I d _ my key in the office. 6）. Don t leave her _ （wait） outside in the rain. 7）. She remained _ （change） after all

9、these years.8）. A great many things remain _ （do）. 4. climate / weatherclimate指从长时间的范围来看某地的平均气候或经常性的气候；weather指某地一时的天气，如寒暖、晴雨和干湿的变化情况。1）. We shall go out for a picnic tomorrow if the _ is fine.2）. A drier _ would be good for your health.3）. I couldnt imagine what it would be like to live in a hot _.

10、 4）. The _ of our country is mild, but individual places experience bad _. 5. now that / since / because / as都可引导原因状语从句，语气最强的是because，引导直接而明确的原因，也用来回答why的问句或用于强调句型；其次是since/now that，表示已知或明显的原因，再次是as，引导的原因是不言而喻、显而易见的；for引导的是并列分句，表推测或判断的原因，前面有逗号隔开。1）. _ everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. 2） It

11、 was _ he was ill that he didn t go to school. 3）. It must have rained last night, _ the ground is all wet.4）. _ we are alone, we can speak freely.词性变化1. violent adj.强暴的，猛烈的3. development n.生长，发展；develop vt.发展；5. prevent vt. 预防，防止6. gentle adj.轻柔的7. physics n.物理，物理学physicist n.物理学家【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填

12、空。1）. The naughty boy _ （lie） to me that the hen that _ （lie） there just now had _ （lay） two eggs the day before.2）. In my opinion, _ （prevent） is more important than treatment.3）. Some programs on the Internet are full of _ （violent） and sex.4）. With the _ （develop） of modern industry, more and mor

13、e pollution is caused.5）. China is a _ （develop） country belong to the third world.6）. There are _ （fundament） differences between your religious beliefs and mine.7）. His ambition is to become a great _ （physics）.重点词汇方法 systematic adj 有系统的; 有条理的典例 1）. The solar system includes the sun and its eight

14、planets. 太阳系包括太阳和它的八颗行星。2）. Alcohol is bad for your system. 喝酒对身体有害。练习 根据句子的意思完成句子。1）. The _ _ （教育系统） operates very differently in the US and China.2）. He introduced us a well-designed _ _ （铁路系统）.2. lay vt. （laid, laid, laying） 把放下；典例1）. He laid his hand on my shoulder. 他把手放在我的肩上。2）. Who should we l

15、ay the blame on? 我们该责备谁?重点用法 lay短语：lay eggs 下蛋 lay sth. aside 把某物放在一边；积蓄（钱）lay sth. down 把某物放下 lay the blame on sb.责备某人lay the table 摆桌子 lay emphasis / stress on sth. 把重点放在某事上练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1）. The bird _ its eggs in other birds nests. 2）. He is a political leader that _ _ _ _ （非常强调） indivi

16、dual responsibility. 3）. He _ some money _ for rainy days. 伤害的 harm n.&vt. 伤害（某人） Many people are aware of the harmful effects of smoking. 很多人都意识到吸烟的危害。重点用法be harmful to sb./sth. 对有害 do harm to sb.= do sb. harm = harm sb. 对有害；伤害1）. Everyone knows that smoking is _ to your health. 2）. In many cases,

17、too much care for children from parents might even do _ to their growth.3）. 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛伤害很大。_ 生存 existence n. 存在1）. Does life exist on Mars? 火星上有生命吗?2）. I can hardly exist on the wage I m getting. 我靠我挣的工资简直难以餬口。exist + prep. 存在于地方 exist on sth. 靠某物生存 练习 用exist的短语或其适当形式填空。1）. This plant _ only _ Aust

18、ralia. 2）. Can you _ _ such a low salary?3）. I doubt the _ （exist） of alien.5. puzzle vt.&vi. （使）迷惑；难题 puzzled adj.无法了解的；困惑的 puzzling adj.令人费解的1）. Her reply puzzled me. 她的回答把我弄糊涂了。2）. Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me. 他们为什麽要做此事我仍莫名其妙。sth. puzzles sb. 某事使某人迷惑/为难 sb. be puzzled by sth

19、. 某人对感到迷惑puzzle about/over sth. 对某事感到迷惑或苦苦思索（以便理解） puzzle one s brain苦思苦想；绞尽脑汁solve a puzzle 解决一个难题练习 用puzzle的适当形式填空或翻译。1）. To explain the _ （puzzle） findings, he offers two theories. 2）. I _ （puzzle） that I haven t heard from Liz for so long.3）. She listened with a _ （puzzle） expression on her face

20、.4）. No one has yet succeeded in explaining the _ （puzzle） of how life began.5）. He _ （puzzle） what to do next.6）. _ _ _ （使我困惑的事情） is why he left the country without telling anyone.1）. You push and I ll pull. 你来推，我来拉。2）. I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round. 我觉得有人扯我的袖子，便转过身来。pull ahead （of sb

21、/sth） 领先（於某人/物） pull （sb） back（使某人）退却；撤回（某人）pull off （sth）（指机动车辆）驶离（道路）（至路侧停车处停下） pull out （sth.） 拉掉；使分离；掏出；驶离（车站）pull on 穿，戴上（袜子、手套等） pull together 同心协力；通力合作练习 用pull短语的适当形式填空。1）. I arrived as the last train was _ _.2）. He _ _ a gun and aimed at the criminal.3）. So long as we _ _, there s no mountai

22、n top we cant conquer.7. cheer vt. & vi. （使）高兴、振奋；cheerful adj.高兴的 cheerless adj.不高兴的 1）. The crowd cheered loudly as the Queen appeared. 女王出现时群众高声欢呼。2）. He was greatly cheered by the news. 他听到这个消息非常高兴。cheer sb. on为某人加油 cheer （sb） up（使某人）更高兴或更快活练习 用cheer的短语或其适当形式填空。1）. Your visit has greatly _ him u

23、p.2）. The crowd _ the runners _ as they started the last lap.3）. You look as though you need _ up.重点词组1. to begin with = to start with 以开始；To begin/start with, I couldn t understand a single word. 起初，我一句也没弄明白。begin/start with 从开始 begin/start sth with 从开始 1）. He _ his speech _ a poem. 2）. His speech

24、_ _ a poem.3）. _ _ _, pets are good friends of many lonely people, especially the old. 2. in time 及时；迟早 1）. They caught the bus in time. 他们及时赶上了汽车。2）. If you keep on, you will succeed in time. 如果坚持下去，你们总有一天会成功的。短语归纳 time短语：in time for sth./ to do sth. 及时；不迟 in no time 立刻；马上 at no time永不 at one time

25、有个时期；曾经；一度 at a time 一次；每次 at times = sometimes 有时 all the time 一直；始终；老是 on time 按时；准时by the time到的时候为止 for the time being 暂时；暂且 take one s time不着急；慢慢来 kill time 消磨时间from time to time 不时地，间或 many a time 常常；多次 once upon a time 从前at the same time 同时；尽管如此 ahead of time 提前，提早 race against time 争分夺秒time and again 一次又一次；重复地 keep time （钟表）走得准 keep bad time（钟、表）走得不准 take one s time 慢慢来，别急have a good/nice/hard time （in） doing sth 做某事很 It s （high/about） time that sb. did/