动词及时态整理.docx

1、动词及时态整理高考英语动词及时态动词是历年高考热点，也是高三英语复习备考重难点。下文对近几年高考题进行盘点，拟总结规律剖析难点，指出应试策略，让考生拨云见日，信心备考。热点一：动词词义辨析热点透视考查考生在特定语境中恰当运用动词能力。难点剖析 备选动词词义相近，用法相似。备考策略 掌握常见动词的词义，词性，用法，搭配及辨析。 加强对考纲内重要近义动词的复习。考题盘点1.（08-25）If anybody calls ,tell them Im out ,and ask them to _their name and address.A. pass B. write C. take D. lea

2、ve据题意应选leave, 表“留下”。其余动词不合题意，故选D。 过关训练2.（09-46） Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have _one-year-old twins at the head.A. isolated B. separatedC. divided D. removed3.(07-30) If you are feeling so tired ,perhaps a little sleep would _.A. act B. help C. se

3、rve D. last4(山东2007)In this seaside resort, you can _ all the comfort and conveniences of modern tourism.A enjoy B apply C receive D achieveKey B BA 热点二、动词短语辨析 热点透视 考查考生在具体语境中运用动词短语能力。动词短语的考察往往是课本中频频出现的重点词组系列，这几年高考以考察动词构成的短语为主，它们是：get, turn,make ,put ,go ,give, break, cut, come, look, keep, bring, s

4、how, pick, hold, fall, carry, pull, catch, take 等； 难点剖析 备选词组形近或义近，或二者兼备或同一动词不同搭配； 除涉及词义辨析外，还结合时态、语态对考生进行综合考查。 备考策略 对词义相近短语加强词义辨析， 部分词组本身就表被动，如：come up（被提出）；还有一部分词组无被动语态，如：come about, break out等。 掌握“to”。含介词的动词短语与不定式的区别是高考常考及易错项目之一。如add to , admit to , add up to , come to , belong to , contribute to ,

5、 object to , get to , refer to , stick to , lead to , attend to , see to , trust to , total to , turn to , pay attention to , devote to , prefer to, do harm /good /wrong to , be / get / become used to , be devoted to , be reduced to , be accustomed to , date back to , get down to , look forward to ,

6、 keep close to , face up to , hold on to等。 考题盘点 4 I tried phoning her office ,but I couldnt。(2009全国卷I)A get along Bget on Cget to Dget through 答案D 5. You can take anything from the shelf and read ,but please _the books when youve finished with them. A. put on B. put down C. put back D. put off put是考

7、生熟悉的词，故此题难度不大，据题意put back 表放回原处，故选C。 过关训练 6. Is Peter there?(2008江苏)_,please Ill see if I can find him for you AHold up BHold on CHold out DHold off 7. How about your journey to Mount Emei?Everything was wonderful except that our car _ twice on the way (2009四川)A slowed down B broke down C got down D

8、 put downKey B B 热点三：动词时态 热点透视 进行时、过去时和完成时是考试热点。 难点剖析备选答案涉及不同时态的辨析，主要是：一般现在时和一般过去时、一般过去时和过去进行时、一般过去时和现在完成时、现在完成时和现在完成进行时以及过去完成和一般过去时； 结合时态、语态，从语境中对考生进行综合考查。 备考策略 深入情景，揣摩动作发生顺序；重视题干暗示作用，如时间副词、并列或从属连词等；善于运用时态呼应规律。 (1)在语境中灵活运用时态，切不可以仅根据题干中的时间状语盲目选择时态。(2)注意一些特殊句式中时态的固定用法。如“主将从现” 、“祈使句+and/or+将来时单句”、“mak

9、esurethat-clause”等。(3)注意英语与汉语的差异，要有使用被动语态的意识。另外要掌握被动语态在各种时态中的构成形式。如下面一题：He_footballregularlyformanyyearswhenhewasyoung。A.wasplayingB.playedC.hasplayedD.hadplayed在主句中出现了时间状语formanyyears，但是从句说了在他年轻的时候，所以这里踢球几年指的是过去的动作。wasplaying指过去进行，hasplayed与现在有关，但题干中仅仅说当他年轻的时候与现在无关。haddone强调过去的过去。所以选B考题盘点 8. .(06江苏

10、27) Although medical science control over several dangerous diseases，what worries us is that some of them are returning. A.achievedB.has achieved C.will achieve D.had achieved答案 B解析 考查动词的时态。本句是以一般现在时为基础，可由“worries”推出，故D项首先排除。由句意 “尽管医学已经成功控制了几种危险的疾病，但令我们担忧的是，有些疾病正在发生反弹”可知“achieve”9 (06陕西12)The constr

11、uction of the two new railway lines by now. A.has completedB.have completed C.have been completedD.has been completed答案 D解析 从by now这个时间状语来看，应用现在完成时；从文意来看，应用被动语态；从主谓一致来看，主语是the construction，谓语动词应使用单数形式。训练过关 10. .(06江西21)My cousin went to Canada two years ago.He there for a few months and then went to

12、 America.A.workedB.would work C.would be working D.has been working11. (津04-28) What were you doing when Tony phoned you? I had finished my work and_ to take a shower. A. had started B. started C. have started D. was starting Key A D 热点四：动词语态 热点透视 结合时态、语态对考生进行综合考查；在具体语境中恰当选用语态。 难点剖析 将构成方式为“vt. +n. +

13、 prep.”的动词短语故意变为被动语态，增加试题的干扰性。 例 Much attention should be paid to watching the patients. “get+p.p”也可表被动，也是考查热点。 还有一些过去分词已转化为形容词，失去被动意义，如：hidden, dressed, lost, seated, etc. 仅表状态。 用主动表被动几种情况：vi.(writeopensellre-ad，etc.) 后跟副词作状语，说明主语特征;wont +do ,表不起作用，句子主语为物，be worth doing ,sth +needsdemandswants+doin

14、g 表示“需要”的意义。 考题盘点 12. （粤04-21）All the employees except the manager _to work online at home. A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged D. are encouraged 据题意应用被动语态，故选D。 13. （沪04-30）The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _to eat more fruit and vegetables. A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded 答案C形式不对，应用被动语态，故选D。 备考策略全国卷近三年单纯考查语态的题目没有，结合时态对考生进行考查是考试热点；据题干所反映关系，即主动还是被动，从而恰当选用语态。 过关训练 14. （京04-27)The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the B