英语常用翻译Word文件下载.docx

1、3）吃什么有什么 -有什么吃什么4）屡战屡北:He was repeatedly defeated though he fought over and over again. 屡北屡战:He fought over and over again though he was repeatedly defeated.2.Rigid vs. Supple English: the rigid S-V concord Chinese: free from S-V concord and formal markers 全市到处在兴建新工厂. New factories are being built a

2、ll over the city. 累得我站不起来了. Im so exhausted that I cant stand up.Some “illogical” expressions in Chinese:晒太阳 to bask in the sun 救火 to fight a fire打扫卫生 to do some cleaning一个房间住三个人 Three people live in one room. 3. Hypotactic vs. Paratactic Hypotaxis is the dependent or subordinate construction or rel

3、ationship of clauses with connectives. Parataxis is the arranging of clauses one after the other without connectives showing the relation between them. 我买了六支钢笔,一共三十元,拿回家一看,都是用过的.I bought six pens which cost me thirty yuan. When I took them back home, I found they were second-hand. 人（若）不犯我，我（则）不犯人。语序

4、） We will not attack unless we are attacked .发展体育运动，增强人民体质。Promote physical culture, and build up Peoples health. Each of the broadcasting companies is linked to approximately 200 affiliated stations to which it produces major entertainment programs which they could not produce if they were obliged

5、to depend on local resources. 每个广播公司下面都联系有大约200个附属广播站，由公司向这些广播站提供主要娱乐节目，这些节目要靠各站就地取材是难以编排出来的。 Can you answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me? 我有一个问题弄不懂,想请教你,你能回答吗? In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors. 门口放着至少有十二把五颜六色、大小不一的雨伞。 The isolation of t

6、he rural world, because of distance and the lack of transport facilities，is compounded by the paucity of the information media. 由于距离远，又缺乏交通工具，农村社会与外界隔绝，而这种隔绝，又由于通讯工具不足而变得更加严重。 5. Impersonal vs. Personal English uses more impersonal structures than Chinese does, as shown in the following examples: Wh

7、at has happened to you? 你出了什么事了？ An idea suddenly struck me. 我突然想到一个主意。 A strange peace came over her when she was alone. 她独处时感到一种特别的安宁。 Not a sound reached our ears. 我们没有听到任何声音。 Alarm began to take entire possession of him. 他开始变得惊恐万状。 Excitement deprived me of all power of utterance. 我兴奋得说不出话来。 6.

8、Passive vs. Active As we have mentioned in the previous units, the passive voice is extensively used in English, while Chinese sentences are usually active. A few years ago it was thought unusual that programs could ever be called up by viewers to be displayed on their TV screens at home. 几年前，人们还认为，

9、观众居然能够打电话要求在自己家里的电视屏幕上播出节目是一件稀罕事。 The volume is not measured in square millimeters. It is measured in cubic millimeters. 体积不是以平方毫米计量的。它是以立方毫米计量的。 1. He is a good eater and a good sleeper. 他能吃能睡。 2.A mastery of Chinese and English is essential for E-C or C-E translation. 做英汉/汉英翻译必须掌握好汉语与英语。 Carlisle

10、Street runs westward , across a great black bridge, down a hill and up again, by little shops and meatmarkets, past single-storied homes, until suddenly it stops against a wide green lawn. 卡莱尔大街往西伸展，越过一座黑色大桥，爬下山岗又爬上去，经过许多小铺和肉市，又经过一些平房，然后突然朝着大片绿色草地中止了。 8. Abstract vs. Concrete In expressing the same

11、idea English is more abstract while Chinese is more concrete. He waited for her arrival with a frenzied agitation. 他等着她来,急得像热锅上的蚂蚁. The absence of intelligence is an indication of satisfactory developments. 没有消息即表明有令人满意的进展。 A high degree of carelessness, pre-operative and post-operative, on the part

12、 of some of the hospital staff, took place. 医院某些医护人员在手术前后都非常粗心。 9. Indirect vs. Direct1）Understatement（克制陈述）Eg. I have a little house in the country. I dont play too badly.2）Litotes （间接肯定） I couldnt feel better. 我觉得身体好极了。t agree with you more. 我太赞成你的看法了。3）Indirect （间接否定） I dont think the Council can

13、 or should remain indifferent to these most serious violations of human rights. 我认为，安理会不能也不应该对这些极其严重的侵犯人权的行为袖手旁观。 I dont feel that we should leave them isolated. 我认为，我们不应该让他们与世隔绝。4）Tactful Implication（婉转暗示）It can be worse.还可以/还过得去。You ought to know better than to do such thing.你不该做这种事。5）Periphrasis（

14、迂回）Will you be good enough to advise me whether I should accept the invitation?请你告诉我是否应该接受这项邀请,好吗? 10. Substitutive vs. Repetitive Generally speaking, English doesnt use so many repetitions as Chinese does. You should help her since you have promised to do so. 你既然答应帮助她了，就应该帮助她。 He hated failure; he

15、had conquered it all his life, risen above it, and despised it in others. 他讨厌失败，他一生中曾战胜失败，超越失败，并且蔑视别人的失败。Men and nations working apart created these problems; men and nations working together must solve them. 人与人之间，国与国之间离心离德，便产生这些问题，人与人之间，国与国之间齐心协力,定能解决这些问题。Each of us has his carrot and stick. In my

16、 case, the stick is my slackening physical condition, which keeps me from beating opponents at tennis whom I overwhelmed two years ago. My carrot is to win. ” （ C. Tucker: Fear of Death） 【译文】我们人人都有自己的压力和动力。就我而言，这压力就是我日趋衰弱的身体状况，两年前还是我手下败将的网球对手，现在却打不过了。我的动力就是想赢球。The first time I saw her, half of my li

17、fe ago, she nearly took my breath away. 【译文】那还是半辈子前的事，我第一次看见她，她差点把我的魂都勾走了。Like attracts like. 物以类聚。Like cures like.以毒攻毒。Like for like. 以牙还牙。delicate skin娇嫩的皮肤delicate child娇弱的小孩delicate vase容易碰碎的花瓶delicate difference微妙的差别delicate sense of smell灵敏的嗅觉delicate food美味的食物接风give a dinner for sb. from afar

18、接骨set a broken bone接球catch a ball接电话answer the phone接电线connect wires接任take over a job 接生 deliver a child接新生meet the freshmen“I will teach him to deceive others,” he said. 【误】他说，“我要教他去欺骗别人。” 【正】他说，“我要告诫他不要骗人。My dogs are killing me. 【误】我的狗要咬死我了。【正】我的双脚疼死我了。He didnt speak （for） long. 【误】他长时间没有说话了。【正】他说

19、话时间不长。I bought a tape-recorder for a song.【误】我买一台录音机来听唱歌。【正】我廉价买了一台录音机。例1：kill1）They killed a bottle of whisky between them.【译文】他们两人喝完了一瓶威士忌酒。2）He killed ten good years on that job. 【译文】他在那件工作上浪费了整整10年。3）Her bright red hat killed the quiet colour of her dress.【译文】她戴着一顶红色的帽子，这和她一身的素装很不相称。4）These flow

20、ers kill easily. 【译文】这些花很容易枯死。5）The funny play nearly killed me.【译文】这出有趣的戏几乎把我笑死。6）That bus ride every day kills off all of my energy.【译文】每天坐那趟公共汽车使我筋疲力尽。7）This carpet kills the sound of footsteps. 【译文】这条地毯使脚步声消失。8）The bill was killed in the House.【译文】议案在议会被否决了。9）That has killed her affection.【译文】那件

21、事使她炽热的感情冷淡了。10）Care killed a cat.【译文】忧虑伤身谚语例2：sight1） It cost him a sight of trouble.【译文】那给他招来一大堆麻烦。2） I know him only by sight.【译文】我跟他只是面熟。3） He fell in love with her at first sight.【译文】他对她一见钟情。4） The next election was already in sight.【译文】下届选举已经临近。5） Take a careful sight before firing.【译文】瞄准之后再射击。

22、6） I have lost sight of my old friend for many years.【译文】我已多年未得到老友的音讯。7） The Great Wall in China is one of the sights of the world.【译文】中国长城是世界名胜之一。8） The Statue of Liberty is a noble sight.【译文】自由神像是一个宏伟的景物。9） It is worth a long sight more than that.【译文】这个比那个价值高的多。10） Do what is right in your own sig

23、ht.【译文】做你认为对的事。pure1） Pure water is useful.【译文】净水有用。2） This is purely water.【译文】这不过是水。3） Purify the water before drinking it.【译文】请将水净化后饮用。4） Purified water is useful.【译文】净化了的水有用。5） Purifying water is useful.【译文】净化用水有用。例2 : like1）All music is alike to Tom.【译文】啥音乐在汤姆听来全都一样。2）That, I think, is hardly l

24、ikely.【译文】我想，那不大可能。3）Mans life is often likened to sea voyage.【译文】人生常被比作海上航行。4）His likeness to his brother was remarkable.【译文】他长像酷似他兄弟。5）Things cannot be always to ones liking.【译文】事情不会总是称心如意的。6）Like likes like.【译文】物以类聚。only 1） The French only love arts.【译文】法国人只爱文艺而已。2）The French love arts only.【译文】法

25、国人爱的只是文艺。3）Only the French love arts. 【译文】只有法国人爱好文艺。4）The French love their only arts.【译文】法国人爱好他们惟一的文艺。naturally1） They are behaving naturally.【译文】他们举止自然。2） Naturally, they are behaving well.【译文】当然，他们表现很好。3） She is naturally gentle. 【译文】她天生就温柔。Prepositions into verbs1）At noon, he came home for lunch

26、. 他中午回家吃午饭。 2） The president took the foreign guests about the campus. 校长带外宾们参观校园。 3） Party officials worked long hours on meagre food, in cold caves, by dim lamps. 党的干部吃的是有限（微薄）的食物，住的是寒冷的岩洞，用的是昏暗的油灯，他们却长时间地工作。3. Adjectives into Verbs 1） I am so grateful to my father for his continuous encouragement

27、 during my childhood. 我非常感激父亲，因为在我小时侯他总是不断地鼓励我。 2） They are not content with their present achievements. 他们不满足于他们现有的成就。3） We are especially grateful to you for arranging the meeting for us with the Machinery Trading Delegation at such short notice.我们特别感谢你们在时间那么短促的情况下安排我们同机械交易团的成员们会面。4）The prospect of earning five thousand dollars a month had stimulated the sporting （冒险的，没有把握的）and commercial instinct of the villagers.眼看能每个月赚五千美元，村里人人都动了碰运气和捞钱的念头。4. Adverbs into verbsOur holiday is three weeks away. 离我们的假期还有3个星期。 2）When will he be back?