时态讲义.docx

1、时态讲义中考英语语法总复习之动词动词时态【学习目标】：初中阶段八种时态的结构及其用法。【学习过程】：I. 概述：英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态要用不同的动词形式来表示。 动作发生的时间不同，动词的形式就有所不同。所以，动词的时态就是指动词在某一个时间段内应当采取的相应动词形态。我们已经学过的八种时态分别是：1. _2. _3. _4._5. _6. _7. _8. _II. 详解：一、一般现在时： 概念： 经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况或是客观存在。时间状语：often，usually，always，sometimes，every week（day，year，month），

2、 once a week，on sundays， 基本结构：be动词am/is/are； 行为动词原形或单数第三人称。 否定形式：略一般疑问句：略 在某些以here,there开头的句子中用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作（here,there引导的倒装句）【注意】 _状语从句和_状语从句中, 从句用_时态表示将来。自我检测：1.The Greens usually _ TV on Sunday evening.A. watch B. watches C. are watching D. is watching2. Mr Black often _ fishing on Sundays, _ he

3、 ?A. goesdoesnt B. goesisnt C. dont godoes D. doesnt gois3. We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow. A dont rain B didnt rain C doesnt rain D isnt rain 4. I will tell him as soon as he _ backA. come B. comes C. will come D. came5. He said the sun _in the east and _in the west. A rose; set B rises; sets

4、C rises, set D rise; sets 二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week（year，night，month）， in 1989，just now，at the age of 5，one day，long long ago，once upon a time，基本结构：be动词过去式was/were； 行为动词过去式。否定形式： 略 一般疑问句：略自我检测：1. I _ very hard when I was young.A.

5、 study B. studied C. had studied D. shall study2. _ he _ a good time last Sunday?A. Were; were B. Did; do C. Did; has D. Did; have3.-When_you come here? -We_here last week.A.do;come B.do;came C.did;came D.did;come4. We _the floor and _ all the windows.A. mopped;cleanned B. moped; cleaned C. mopped;c

6、leaned D. moped; cleaned三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：now，at this time，these days，基本结构：amisare _ 否定形式：_一般疑问句：把_动词放在句首【注意】短暂性动词如leave, begin, come, go, die等，可用_时表示将来。句子中含有look, can you see listen等等，都要暗示用进行时，另外，要注意以下动词一般不用于现在进行时态的句子。如：1.表示感觉 see heard 等 2.表示喜欢或者厌恶 like love hate.3.表示希望 want woul

7、d like 4.表示状态 be 5.表示归属 have 6.表示思维，知识，或能力 know forget等自我检测：1. -What is he doing now? -He_a picture.A. draws B. drew C. is drawing D. was drawing2.Donttalkhere.Grandparents_.A.sleep B.issleeping C.aresleeping D. slept3. Look ! The boy students are _ football while the girls are _ .A. playing; dance

8、B. playing; dancing C. play; dancing D. play; dance4. Some are _ in the river and some are _ games.A. swimming; playing B. swimming;plaiing C. swiming; playing D. swiming;plaing四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。这一特定的过去时 间除有上下文暗示以外,一般用表示过去时间的状语来表示。时间状语：at this time yesterday，at that time或以when引导的

9、谓语动词是一般过去时的 时间状语等。基本结构：_ 否定形式：_一般疑问句：把was或were放在句首 When和while的用法自我检测：2. I _ myself French from 7 to 9 yesterday morning. I _ to work.A. was teaching;didnt go B. taught; didnt go C. was teaching;went D. taught;went3. This time yesterday Jack _ his bike. He _ TV.A. repaired; didnt watch B. was repairi

10、ng;watched C. repaired;watched D. was repairing;wasnt watching4. When you _ at the door, I _ some washing.A. knocked; did B. was knocking;did C. knocked;was doing D. knock;am doing5. The boy_ English on the radio when I _ his door.A. learned;was opening B. was learning;opened C. learned;opened D. is

11、 learning;open6. A young man _ her while she _ her work .A. watched;was doing B. was watching; did C. watched;did D. was watching;was doing五、一般将来时：概念： 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow，next day（week，month，year），soon，in a few minutes, the day after tomorrow，基本结构：amisare going to do；（表计划，或者是某种

12、迹象表明将要发生的事） willshalldo（其他）否定形式：amisare notgoing to do； willshallnotdo一般疑问句：be放于句首； willshall提到句首be about to do sth和Be to do 表示即将发生的动作the train is about to leave she is to be married next month marry的用法【注意】 (1) “will + 动词原形”可用于_人称, shall常用在_人称 后。(2)“_+ 动词原形”表示即将发生某事或人为计划要做某事。表意愿的将来、问对方是否愿意、表客气的邀请或命令

13、及表客观将来时，用_。自我检测：3.-_ you _ free tomorrow? -No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be4. He _ in three days.A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. comes back5. If he _ to college, he _ a lot more

14、.A. will gowill learn B. will gois going to learnC. is going is going to learn D. goes will learn 6. When she _ next time ,I _ her everything.A. is going to comeshall tell B. will comeshall tell C. comeswill tell D. comestell7.There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going to be B. is going to haveC. is going to be D. will have