牛津译林版高中英语选修六unit2语法docx.docx

1、牛津译林版高中英语选修六unit2语法docx高中英语学习材料*鼎尚图文理制作*Past tensesThe simple past tense一般过去时The past continuous tense过去进行时The past perfect tense过去完成时The simple past tense1. 在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1980 等。2. 表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。Eg. 1) When I was a child, I

2、often played football in the street. 当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常在街上踢足球。2) He always went to work by bus.他过去常常坐公交去上班。3. 用过去时表示现在，表示语气委婉礼貌。(1) 动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。Eg. 1) Did you want anything else? 你还需要什么吗？ 2) I wondered if you could help me. 我想知道你是否可以帮助我。(2) 情态动词 could, would，Eg. 1) Could you le

3、nd me your bike? 可以把你的自行车借给我吗？4. 用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。Eg. 1) If I were a bird, I would fly to Beijing. 如果我是一只小鸟，我愿意飞去北京。 2) If he were here now, we could turn to him for help. 如果你刚才在这里，我们可以向他求救。注意下列句型： It is time sb. did sth. “时间已迟了；早该了”，Eg. It is time you went to bed.你该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb

4、. did sth. “宁愿某人做某事”Eg. Id rather you came tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。The past continuous tense1. 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。常与at that time , the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening等连用。Eg. 1) What was he doing this time yesterday? 他昨天这个时候在干什么？ 2) In 2001, she was studying in a uni

5、versity. 2001年，她在大学学习。2. 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。1) My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我弟弟在骑车的时候跌倒受伤了。2) It was raining when they left the station. 当他们离开车站的时候正在下雨。The past perfect tense1. 过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态；句中常用by, before, until, when等词引导的时

6、间状语。 1) By the end of last year we had built five new houses. 到去年底，我们一家盖好了5栋新房子。 2) I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university. 在我上大学前，我已经学习了5000个单词。2）过去完成时的动词还可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或者状态持续到过去某个时间或者持续下去。Eg. 1) Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours. 他连续工作了12个小时才睡觉。 2) He had been in this

7、 college for five years before I came here. 在我来这之前，他已经在这个学校待了5年。3）在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。Eg. She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 她曾说她从没去过巴黎。4）在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。Eg. When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 当警察到的时候，小偷已经跑掉了。5）表示意向的动词，如hope, w

8、ish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本，未能”Eg. We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt. 我们曾希望你可以来，但是你没有。6）过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。Eg. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 当爱迪生12岁的时候，他开始靠自己生活。Practice 1一、用动

9、词的适当形式填空。1. Ihaveseenthefilm“Titanic” already. When_you_it？ (see)Thedaybeforeyesterday. 2. He told me that MrBlack_inBeijing sincefive years ago.( live)3.We_treeslastSunday. Sofarwe_over3，000treesthere. (plant)4. Did you see a man in black pass by just now? No, sir. I _ a newspaper. (read)5. Did Ala

10、n enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday? Yes, he did. He _ his old friends for a long time. (not see)6. I _ there little more than a week when I set to work with the scientist. (be)7. Is there any thing wrong, Bob? You look sad. Oh, nothing much. In fact I _ my friends back home. (think of )二、句子翻译。

11、1. 我上周去看爷爷和奶奶了。2. 你告诉我之前，我已经看过这部电影。3. 妈妈昨晚没看电视，她去阿姨家了4. 昨天这个时候,我们班的同学在操场上踢足球.Future tensesThe simple future tense一般将来时The future continuous tense将来进行时The future in the past过去将来时The future perfect tense将来完成时The simple future tense1. shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。Eg. 1) Which pa

12、ragraph shall I read first？ 我应该先读哪一段？ 2) Will you be at home at seven this evening? 你今晚七点会在家吗？2. be going to +不定式，表示将来。 a. 主语的意图，即将做某事或打算做某事。What are you going to do tomorrow?你明天打算干什么？ b. 计划，安排要发生的事。The play is going to be finished next month.话剧将在下个月完成。 c. 有迹象要发生的事Look at the dark clouds, there is g

13、oing to be a storm.看乌云，将会有一场暴风雨。3. be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 我们要在下周六讨论这个报告。4. be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing. 他将出发去北京。注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。be going to / will的用法之比较： 用于条件句时，be going to表将来，will表意愿。例

14、：1) If you are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it as soon as possible.如果你打算旅行，你最好尽快做准备。2) Now if you take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.如果你现在脱掉衣服，我们将在镜子前为你穿上新衣服。be to和be going to 的用法之比较：be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。而be going to 则表示主观的打算或计划。Eg

15、. I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排) Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排) The future continuous tense1. 表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。如： Eg. 1) This time tomorrow I shall be flying to Guangzhou. 明天的这个时候我将飞去广州。 2) What will you be doing at eight tomorrow morning? 明天早上八点你会干什么？ 3) Well be watching television all evening. 我们今晚将一直看电