《ConfucianAnalects》英译版《论语》0001Word下载.docx

1、Fine words and an insinuating appearance are seldom associated with true virtue.The philosopher Tsang said, I daily examine myself on three points:-whether, in transacting business for others, I may have been not faithful;-whether, in intercourse with friends, I may have been not sincere;-whether I

2、may have not mastered and practiced the instructions of my teacher.The Master said,To rule a country of a thousand chariots, there must be reverent attention to business, and sincerity; economy in expenditure, and love for men; and the employment of the people at the proper seasons.A youth, when at

3、home, should be filial, and, abroad, respectful to his elders. He should be earnest and truthful. He should overflow in love to all, and cultivate the friendship of the good. When he has time and opportunity, after the performance of these things, he should employ them in polite studies.Tsze-hsia sa

4、id, If a man withdraws his mind from the love of beauty, and applies it as sincerely to the love of the virtuous; if, in serving his parents, he can exert his utmost strength; if, in serving his prince, he can devote his life; if, in his intercourse with his friends, his words are sincere:-although

5、men say that he has not learned, I will certainly say that he has.The Master said, If the scholar be not grave, he will not call forth any veneration, and his learning will not be solid.Hold faithfulness and sincerity as first principles.Have no friends not equal to yourself.When you have faults, do

6、 not fear to abandon them.Let there be a careful attention to perform the funeral rites to parents, and letthem be followed when long gone with the ceremonies of sacrifice;-then the virtue of the people will resume its proper excellence.Tsze-chin asked Tsze-kung saying, When our master comes to any

7、country, he does not fail to learn all about its government. Does he ask his information?or is it given to him?Tsze-kung said, Our master is benign, upright, courteous, temperate, and complaisant and thus he gets his information. The masters mode of asking information,-is it not different from that

8、of other men?TheMaster said, While a mans father is alive, look at the bent of his will; when his father is dead, look at his conduct. If for three years he does not alter from the way of his father, he may be called filial.In practicing the rules of propriety, a natural ease is to be prized. In the

9、 ways prescribed by the ancient kings, this is the excellent quality, and in things small and great we follow them.Yet it is not to be observed in all cases. If one, knowing how such ease should be prized, manifests it, without regulating it by the rules of propriety, this likewise is not to be done

10、.When agreements are made according to what is right, what is spoken can be made good. When respect is shown according to what is proper, one keeps far from shame and disgrace. When the parties upon whom a man leans are proper persons to be intimate with, he can make them his guides and masters.He w

11、ho aims to be a man of complete virtue in his food does not seek to gratify his appetite, nor in his dwelling place does he seek the appliances of ease; he is earnest in what he is doing, and careful in his speech; he frequents the company of men of principle that he may be rectified:-such a person

12、may be said indeed to love to learn.What do you pronounce concerning the poor man who yet does not flatter, and the rich man who s not proud? The Master replied, They will do; but they are not equal to him, who, though poor, is yet cheerful, and to him, who, though rich, loves the rules of propriety

13、.Tsze-kung replied, It is said in the Book of Poetry, As you cut and then file, as you carve and then polish.-The meaning is the same, I apprehend, as that which you have just expressed.With one like Tsze, I can begin to talk about the odes. I told him one point, and he knew its proper sequence.I wi

14、ll not be afflicted at mens not knowing me;2The MasterI will be afflicted that I do not know men. said, He who exercises government by means of his virtue may be compared to the north polar star, which keeps its place and all the stars turn towards it.In the Book of Poetry are three hundred pieces,

15、but the design of them all may be embraced in one sentence Having no depraved thoughts.If the people be led by laws, and uniformity sought to be given them by punishments, they will try to avoid the punishment, but have no sense of shame.If they be led by virtue, and uniformity sought to be given th

16、em by the rules of propriety, they will have the sense of shame, and moreover will become good.At fifteen, I had my mind bent on learning.At thirty, I stood firm.At forty, I had no doubts.At fifty, I knew the decrees of Heaven.At sixty, my ear was an obedient organ for the reception of truth.At seve

17、nty, I could follow what my heart desired, without transgressing what was right.Mang I asked what filial piety was. The Master said, It is not being disobedient.Soon after, as Fan Chih was driving him, the Master told him, saying, Mang-sun asked me what filial piety was, and I answered him,-not bein

18、g disobedient.Fan Chih said, What did you mean?That parents,when alive, be served according to propriety; that, when dead, they should be buried according to propriety; and that they should be sacrificed to according to propriety.Mang Wu asked what filial piety was. TheParents are anxious lest their

19、 children should be sick.Tsze-yu asked what filial piety was. The Master said, The filial piety nowadays means the support of ones parents. But dogs and horses likewise are able to do something in the way of support;-without reverence, what is there to distinguish the one support given from the othe

20、r?Tsze-hsia asked what filial piety was. The Master said, The difficulty is with the countenance. If, when their elders have any troublesome affairs, the young take the toil of them, and if, when the young have wine and food, they set them before their elders, is THIS to be considered filial piety?I

21、 have talked with Hui for a whole day, and he has not made any objection to anything I said;-as if he were stupid. He has retired, and I have examined his conduct when away from me, and found him able to illustrate my teachings. Hui!-He is not stupid.See what a man does.Mark his motives.Examine in w

22、hat things he rests.How can a man conceal his character? How can a man conceal his character?If a man keeps cherishing his old knowledge, so as continually to be acquiring new, he may be a teacher of others.The accomplished scholar is not a utensil.Tsze-kung asked what constituted the superior man.

23、The Master said, He acts before he speaks, and afterwards speaks according to his actions.The superior man is catholic and not partisan. The mean man is partisan and not catholic.Learning without thought is labor lost; thought without learning is perilous.The study of strange doctrines is injurious

24、indeed!Yu, shall I teach you what knowledge is? When you know a thing, to hold that you know it; and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not know it;-this is knowledge.Tsze-chang was learning with a view to official emolument.The Master said, Hear much and put aside the points of whic

25、h you stand in doubt, while you speak cautiously at the same time of the others:-then you will afford few occasions for blame. See much and put aside the things which seem perilous, while you are cautiousat the same time in carrying the othersinto practice: then you will have few occasions for repen

26、tance. When one gives few occasions for blame in his words, and few occasions for repentance in his conduct, he is in the way to get emolument.The Duke Ai asked, saying, What should be done in order to secure the submission of the people? Confucius replied, Advance the upright and set aside the croo

27、ked, then the people will submit. Advance the crooked and set aside the upright, then the people will not submit.Chi Kang asked how to cause the people to reverence their ruler, to be faithful to him, and to go on to nerve themselves to virtue. TheLet him preside over them with gravity;-then they wi

28、ll reverence him. Let him be final and kind to all;-then they will be faithful to him. Let him advance the good and teach the incompetent;-then they will eagerly seek to be virtuous.Some one addressed Confucius, saying, Sir, why are you not engaged in the government?What does the Shu-ching say of filial piety?-You are final, you discharge your brotherly duties. These qualities are displayed in government. This then also constitutes the exercise of government. Why must there be THAT-making one be in the government?I do not kno