学年河南省创新发展联盟高二下学期期末考试英语试题解析版Word格式文档下载.docx

1、Cycle SafetyJeff Woolf had a serious bike crash. If he hadnt been wearing his helmet, he would have been badly hurt. He wondered why so many riders didnt wear helmets. That turns out it was mostly because helmets were big and hard to carry around. Woolf, an engineer, came up with Morpher. The helmet

2、 is made from interwoven plastics （交错编织的塑料）. It is strong, but its also flexible enough to fold almost totally flat. That makes it easy to carry. Morpher is priced at $ 119.1What we can know about the Solar Roof?A It is designed for cars. B It is currently on the market.C It is costly but energy-sav

3、ing. D It consists of large metal boxes.2What can users do with their Alexa?A Chat with their friends. B Control their tech through voice.C Reduce noise in their home. D Save money on their purchases.3What do we know about the Eagle 360?A It is fastened to cars. B It is a self-driving system.C It is

4、 environmentally-friendly. D It is intended for autonomous cars.4What is good about Morpher?A It prevents bike crashes. B It is conveniently foldable.C It can be bought worldwide. D It is cheaper than traditional helmets.【答案】1B2B3D4B【解析】此文为应用文，文章主要介绍了四项新发明。1细节理解题。根据第一段It is now available to the publ

5、ic.可知solar roof 已经上市，被公众使用，所以B正确。2细节理解题。根据文章第二段and today, you can use it to turn on the lights, order a pizza, and more.可知我们可以利用Alexa来开灯，点外卖等，即利用声音操控高科技。3细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句话Theyre meant for self-driving cars of tomorrow.可知这种轮胎是为无人驾驶汽车准备的，所以D正确。4细节理解题。根据文章最后一段It is strong, but its also flexible enough

6、 to fold almost totally flat. That makes it easy to carry.可知Morpher，可弯曲，容易折叠，容易携带，所以B正确。【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接

7、事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”（三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容）或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容）。（5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关

8、系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。本题的四题解为细节理解题。其中第一题为语言转述型。原文是It is now available to the public对应选项It is currently on the market.第二题为语意理解型。根据根据文章第二段and today, you can use it to turn on the lights, order a pizza, and more.可知我们可以利用Alexa来开灯，点外卖等，即利用声音操控高科技。My mother raised me as best as she could, taking on odd jobs in

9、 the neighborhood for money. Still without a father to tell me how to act and what was expected of me, I felt lost. I wandered for years and got involved with tough guys on the East Side of New York. They would fight madly over a dropped coin. They would steal to get what they wanted. I wanted to be

10、 like them.It was lucky for me that I left the city and entered a world of discipline （纪律）, after following my mothers advice. During three years of military service, I had time to rethink my life, and my thoughts often ran to my mother. I realized suddenly just how much of a heartache I must have b

11、een to her, how little I had noticed her suffering. When my father left this world, my mother was completely alone. To support us, my mother cleaned apartments and took in washing and ironing from the neighbors. And as she worked hard at this labor, she kept her head high. Each week she would bring

12、a pile of books home from the library and read to us. My mother had wanted nothing more, than for me to turn into an honest responsible man. But I had acted against her. Finally, almost too late I had the sense to feel shame.Ten years passed and I returned to the apartment on the East Side. I knew I

13、 wouldnt fall back in with the wrong people, although I still wasnt sure where I was heading. My mother, I could tell, was worried about me. In my neighborhood, to become a police officer or a firefighter was a mark of significant social success and achievement. For me it was an opportunity for a re

14、al start in life. I wondered if I was up to it, but I knew that it was time to try. When I found myself in the big hall raising my hands to take the firefighters oath （誓言） of office, my mother was sitting a few rows behind with a smile of relief. She knew that at last I was off on lifes road and mov

15、ing steadily. Her smile said, “My job is finally done.”5The author used to behave _.A strangely B wellC outstandingly D badly6According to the context，“odd jobs” in the first paragraph refer to jobs _.A with house workB which are dangerousC done by people to make extra money withD of cleaning, washi

16、ng and ironing7Why did the author say he was lucky in the second paragraph?A He spent three years of military service.B He escaped from a world of discipline.C He moved to another city with his mother.D He enjoyed the books his mother read to him.8What does the mothers word “My job is finally done”

17、mean in the last paragraph?A She neednt be worried about her son again.B She can lower her head.C Her son has grown up to be an honest and responsible man.D She will no longer do all available jobs to support the family.5D6D7A8C【解析】本文为记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者在妈妈的影响下走上正轨的事情。5推理判断题。根据文章第一段I wandered for years an

18、d got involved with tough guys on the East Side of New York. They would fight madly over a dropped coin. They would steal to get what they wanted. I wanted to be like them.可知作者过去表现不好，所以D正确。6细节理解题。根据第一段My mother raised me as best as she could, taking on odd jobs in the neighborhood for money.以及第二段To

19、support us, my mother cleaned apartments and took in washing and ironing from the neighbors.可知odd jobs 指的是杂货如cleaning apartments，washing，ironing等，所以D正确。7推理判断题。根据文章第二段During three years of military service, I had time to rethink my life, and my thoughts often ran to my mother. I realized suddenly jus

20、t how much of a heartache I must have been to her, how little I had noticed her suffering.以及Finally, almost too late I had the sense to feel shame.可以看出作者认识到了自己的错误，开始反省，后悔，所以作者认为三年军旅生活挽救了自己，所以感到幸运。8推理判断题。根据文章第二段My mother had wanted nothing more, than for me to turn into an honest responsible man.可知妈妈

21、的愿望是把我培养成诚实负责任的人，再根据最后一段When I found myself in the big hall raising my hands to take the firefighters oath （誓言） of office, my mother was sitting a few rows behind with a smile of relief. She knew that at last I was off on lifes road and moving steadily.可知当作者步入正轨之时，妈妈如释重负地笑了，所以My job is finally done.

22、”表示妈妈认为自己的愿望实现了，所以C正确。词义猜测主要的解题策略有：语境猜测、语法猜词和常识猜词。语境既上下文。由于上下文中的生词不是孤立存在的，其词义与句中其它词的词义或具体的语境有着密切的联系。因此在阅读过程中，许多生词的词义可以充分利用上下文中相关的词汇，短语并结合具体的语境来推测。命题者为了考查学生的这种猜词能力，常采用以下几种命题策略： 策略（1）：依据标点符号猜测词义 标点符号是词义猜测的最直接，最简单的信号词。比如，破折号（ - ）、冒号 （ ： ） 常常起解释说明的功能，引号（）和（ （ ） ）有时也起到相同的作用。策略（2）：依据反义词和对比关系猜测词义 运用对比手法描述事

23、物或现象是文章写作的一种常用的修辞手法。在这种修辞手段下，作者常借用一些信号词来提供相反信息，从而表明一个词与前面的另一个词互为反义。常用的信号词有： but/yet/however/nevertheless; while/whereas; otherwise/or else; unlike/instead/ rather than; by contrast/compared to; on the contrary/ on the other hand 等。策略（3）：依据下定义，作解释、打比喻等猜测词义 在说明文，科技文中运用下定义或解释概念的方法来定义或诠释某一名词或概念是文章写作的又一特

24、点。在写作方法上常采用先总后分（即先定义后解释）或先分后总（即先说明后结论）的叙述方式。常用的定义信号词有： be defined as/be termed（ 被定义为 ） ， be called （ 被称为 ） ， mean/ refer to/be（ 意指，是 ） 。策略（4）：依据逻辑推理猜测词义 运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。常见的逻辑关系有：因果关系，同位关系，对比关系，转折关系等。本题的第二

25、题，第四题都属于词义猜测题。其中第二题我们可以根据逻辑推理法，根据第一段My mother raised me as best as she could, taking on odd jobs in the neighborhood for money.以及第二段To support us, my mother cleaned apartments and took in washing and ironing from the neighbors.可知odd jobs 指的是杂货如cleaning apartments，washing，ironing等，所以D正确。而第四题理解句意可知我们也

26、可以根据逻辑推理猜测词义，根据文章第二段My mother had wanted nothing more, than for me to turn into an honest responsible man.可知妈妈的愿望是把我培养成诚实负责任的人，再根据最后一段When I found myself in the big hall raising my hands to take the firefighters oath （誓言） of office, my mother was sitting a few rows behind with a smile of relief. She

27、 knew that at last I was off on lifes road and moving steadily.可知当作者步入正轨之时，妈妈如释重负地笑了，所以My job is finally done.”表示妈妈认为自己的愿望实现了，所以C正确。Teachers in some secondary schools in Britain are worried that their job may become impossible shortly unless something can be done to restore discipline in the classrooms. In the problem schools, mostly in large cities, a small minority of teenage pupils disturb lesson to such an extent that the teacher can no longer teach their classes effectively.Some people consider that the permissive （随意） nature of modern society is responsible for such kind