最新冀教版八年级英语下册知识点汇总Word文档格式.docx

1、5.Im scared of thunder.be scared of sb.sth.害怕某人或某物。这里scared 是过去分词，作形容词。如：m scared of wild animals.scare还可以作动词。You scared me.lesson2s the date today?Its March twenty-first.Whats the date?是用来询问日期的一个常用句子，也可以说成：What is todays date?如果询问星期要用What day is today?What day is it today?2.In spring,the weather be

2、comes warmer.become是系动词，与get一样，常接形容词作表语；与get不同的是它还可以接名词作表语，表示身份的变化。应为：成为。The days are becominggetting longer in summer. He became a lawyer in 1998.3.The temperature goes up! go up意思是上升，与rise同义，与go down或set相反。The sun goes uprises in the east and goes downsets in the west.4.Thunder makes a loud noise.

3、make a noise意思是发出声响，吵闹。The baby is sleeping.Dont make a noise.You shouldnt make a noise in class.lesson31.Spring has arrived in Shijiazhuang.arrive是不及物动词，意思是到达。arrive in+大地点（国家、地区、城市）arrive at+小地点（学校、商店、车站、邮局等类似地点），地点为副词时inat要省去。He arrived in Paris.The train arrived at the station.They arrived home

4、early.reach表示到达时，是及物动词，直接与到达的地点（n）连用。He reached Paris.The train reached the station.get to表示到达时，后跟副词表示的地点时to要省去，如：He gets there on time.2.Every morning I see many people in the park exercising.see sb. doing sth.表示看见某人在做某事，如：Can you see them playing football over there?see sb. do sth.表示看见某人做过某事，如：I o

5、ften see him play football on the playground.这样的词还有：hear;watch;notice等。3.The sun will set in about fifteen minutes.in是介词，表示在.以后，用于将来时，后面跟表示一段时间的名词。此时，不能用after替换in.如：He will be back in two days.They will finish the work in ten months.4.We wont see any flowers until May.not.until.意思是直到.才.。until可以作介词或连

6、词。They didnt leave until they finished the work.He wont go to bed until 11 oclock.5.Next month,maybe we will play in our shorts and Tshirts!in表示穿着，它可以跟表示衣服或衣服颜色的名词，意思是穿着.颜色的衣服。The girl in the hat is my sister.They are playing in new clothes.Our teacher is in a red dress today.All of them are in blac

7、k.lesson41.Weather is warming,. 这里warm是动词，意思是变暖，它也可用作形容词，如：s warm in spring.Its getting warmer day by day.2.one by one 一个接一个地 如You can plant the seeds one by one .类似的词语还有：year by year;day by day.3.See it bring the seasons change.see sb.sth. do sth.看到某人或某事物做过某事，change这里是名词，它也可以做动词，如：He changed his cl

8、othes.lesson51.Lets go cycling.go cycling =go to ride a bike去骑车。He often goes cycling on Sunday.lets do sth.表示让某人做某事 lets not do sth.让某人不要做某事，如：Lets have a rest. Lets not go there.2.How about baseball,then?howwhat about+nprondoing sth.如：I like spring.How about you?What about a cup of coffee?How abou

9、t opening the window?3.The ball always hits me on the head.hit sb. on the+身体部位，表示打在某人的某个部位，如：He hit me on the head.He was so angry that he hit Mary in the face.4.Shall we play soccer?Shall weI.?表示征求对方意见，可以.吗；.好吗。Shall we go swimming?Shall I sit here?lesson61.Danny is babysitting his cousin Debie at

10、the playground.babysitting是双写t+ing而来的，这样的词还有：swimming;running;beginning;getting;putting等；at the playground也可以说成inon the playground.2.Hold on,Debbie!hold on可以表示稍等，别挂断；抓紧，如：Hold on a minute.He held on to the rope.3.Danny will push you.push这里是动词，意思是推，它也可以用作名词.push sb.=give sb. a push.4.Its time to stop

11、 swinging,debbie.stop doing sth.停止做某事；stop to do sth.停下来做某事；They stopped to smoke a cigarette.I must stop smoking.When he saw his teacher on the street,he stopped to talk to her.All the students stopped talking when the teacher came in.5.Debbed gets off the swing.get off.意思是从.下来，通常指下火车、巴士、轮船、飞机等，反义词

12、组是get on.如：Dont get off the bus until it stops.They will get off the train in Beijing.上、下小汽车或电梯常用get intoout of.lesson71.I thought about it all day at school.think about 意思是思考，考虑，想起，想到.;如:I am thinking about my friend in the country.t think about it any more.2.I thought that it would be easy to baby

13、sit there.it在此代替后面的不等式to babysit there,作形式主语,如:It is interesting to climb the hill.It is hard to answer the question.3.I was scared that she would hurt herself,but.herself是反身代词,意思是她自己.当主语和宾语指同一个人时,宾语应用反身代词.如:She can look after herself.My mother taught herself English.反身代词还可以作同位语,起加强语气的作用.如:She can d

14、o it herself.=She herself can do it 4.My aunt and uncle had made sandwiches for us to eat at the playground.make sth. for sb.=make sb. sth.意思是为某人制作某物.如:I will make a birthday cake for her.=I will make her a birthday cake.5.so was I.这是一个倒装句.是由so+系动词助动词情态动词+主语,构成.如:He is tall.So am I.They like chinese

15、 food.So do the two Englishmen.6.I helped her brush her teeth and climb into bed.help sb.（to）do sth.意思是帮助某人做某事,如:I often help my mother do the housework.He sometimes helps me study English.help sb. with sth.也能表示帮助某人做某事,但with后面跟名词或人称代词宾格,上面的句子可改写为:I often help my mother with the housework.He sometime

16、s helps me with my English.Unit 2lesson91.Would you like some markers?would like意思是想要,后跟名词,代词,动词不等式.如:d like a cup of tea.Would you like some bananas?d like to have another book.would like sb. to do sth.意思是想要某人做某事,如:Hed like me to help him with his maths.would you like sth.?用来表示邀请某人吃喝或用什么东西,它的答语为:Ye

17、s,please.No,thanks.would you like to do sth.?用来表示邀请某人做某事,它的答语为:（yes）,Id likelove to.Im afraid not.Id love to ,but.等.2.Would you please lend me your green marker?would you please+动词原形?表示请你.好吗?lend是借进,常用lend sth. to sb.其反义词为borrow,常用borrow sth. from sb.,如He borrowed a car from his friend.He lent his b

18、ike to his neighbour.3.Dont forget to draw the sun.forget to do sth.意思是忘记去做某事,forget doing sth.意思是忘了做过某事,如:t forget to close the window before you beave. He forgot closing the window,so he went back to close it again. He forgot to turn off the light,so it was on the whole night.4.After you plant a p

19、lant in a pot,what do you do next?plant是一个兼类词,既可以作动词,也可以作名词.plant a plant表示种植物.类似的兼类词还有:work;water;push等.lesson101.Flowers,leaves and stems grow above ground.Roots grow below ground.above是介词,表示在.上方,比.还高.与below相反.如:The plane is flying above the clouds. Todays temperature is 10 degrees below zero.over

20、是在.正上方,或覆盖在.上面,如:There is a lamp above the desk. There is a bridge over the river.2.Plants have flowers beause the flowers make seeds.because是连词,表示因为,引导原因状语从句.它不能和so连用,如:She didnt come to school because she was sick.=She was sick so she didnt come to school.3.The seeds of the rice plant feed billion

21、s of people.hundred,thousand,million,billion等词前有具体数字时,用单数形式,直接修饰名词;表示一个笼统的概念时,用复数形式,后面要与介词of连用再接名词.如:He has three hundred books. He has read hundreds of books.lesson111.You need to look after it.look after=take care of意思是照顾,如:I have to look after the baby. Can you look after yourself?2.Plants use su

22、nlight to make food.to make food是不定式,表示目的,如:Li Ming went to Beijing to see his uncle.3.Gardens are full of plants.be full of.表示盛满.,装满.如:The room is full of people. These bottles are full of water.4.In spring,people put covers over plants to keep them warm at night.cover用作动词意思是覆盖,遮盖,cover.with.表示用.把.

23、覆盖上,如:He covered his face with a scarf. be covered with.被.覆盖着.如:The road is usually covered with snow.cover还可以用作名词,表示覆盖物,封面.如:The book needs a new cover.keep sb.sth.+adj.表示使某人或某物处于某种状态.如:We should keep our classroom clean. He likes doing things to keep himself busy. Lets keep the windows open.5.Wind

24、ows are made of glass.be made of .意思是由.制成,在制成的过程中原材料没有发生质的变化.be made from.意思是由.制成,在制成的过程中原材料发生了质的变化.如:My desk is made of wood. Books are made of paper. Paper is made from wood. Wine is made from wheat.lesson121.One group sings the purple words ,and the other group sings the black words.one.,the othe

25、r.意思是一个.另一个.,如:She has two cats.One is white,the other is black.2.The prettiest plant.prettiest是pretty的最高级,如:He is the tallest boy and she is the prettiest girl.3.That you ever did see.did see在此相当于saw,did放在动词原形前起加强语气的作用,如:She does study hard. I do like computer games. They did go to have a picnic ye

26、sterday.4.As the stem grows,it makes leaves.as 在本句中表示当.时候,引导时间状语从句.如:He went out as I came in.lesson131.Trees help clean the air.Its pleasant to walk among the trees.pleasant,pleased都是形容词,表示高兴的,快乐的.pleasant常用来形容事物,而pleased常用来形容人,如:I am very pleased youve decided to come.among介词,表示在.（三者以上）之间,between介

27、词,表示在两者之间.2.Donuts dont grow on trees.on trees=on the tree表示树本身所有物在树上;in the tree表示外来物在树上;There are some birds in the tree. There are many apples on the tree.3.Then we can sit under a tree in the shade.in the shade是介词短语,意思是在阴凉处.类似的短语有in the sun;in the light;4.All plants take energy from the sun and

28、make it into food.make.into.意思是把.制成.,如:We can make the tree into paper. We can make cotton into cloth.make还可以构成如下短语be made offrombyin等5.Without food,they would have nothing to eat and they would die.without是介词,意思是没有,不,如He went to school without breakfast. He left without saying goodbye. Fish cant li

29、ve without water.lesson141.There are about eighty thousand different plants in the world that people can eat.that people can eat是定语从句,修饰plants,that是关系代词,引导定语从句,并代指plants,也可以用which来引导.当被修饰的名词是人时,可以用who,that,如 I like the present that you gave me. This is the most interesting book that Ive ever read. T

30、he woman who is babysitting the baby is my aunt.2.But half of the worlds food comes from only three plants:race,corn and wheat.half of. 意思是.中的一半,当它所指代的是不可数名词时,代表单数.如果后面所接的是可数名词的复数,那么它所代表的也是复数概念.如 Half of his money was spent on books. Half of the books here are in English. Half of the students in our class like math.all of.;a quarter of.和它类似.3.Doctors use medicine to help sick people.use.to do sth.意思是用.来做.,如 We use our feet and