1、Adolescence 遗传inheritance 性别sex 内分泌endocrine 孕母情况mothers condition 营养nutrition 生活环境living environment 急性感染acute infection 慢性疾病chronic disease 消化道疾病disease of digestive tract 内分泌疾病endocrine disease 先天性疾病congenital disease 体格生长:Physique growth 摄入不足insufficiency of intake 胎粪排出excretion of meconium 水分丢失
2、loss of moist 生长高峰summit of growth 卧位clinostatasm 站立位erect position 头顶vertex 耻骨联合上缘superior margin of pubic symphysis 足底sole 脐nave 头围:Head Circumference 胸围:Chest Circumference 颅骨:Cranium 颅缝cranial sutures 前囟anterior fontanel 后囟posterior 脊柱:Rachis 长骨:Long Bone 干骺端Metaphysis 软骨骨化Cartilaginous ossifica
3、tion 骨膜下成骨Subperiosteum ossification 乳牙deciduous teeth 恒牙permanent teeth (乳牙)萌出eruption 神经系统nervous system 脊髓spinal cord 运动发育:Motor development 发音器官organs of voicing 听觉sense of hearing 大脑语言中枢cerebral language center 语言交流communication 护理:Nursing 计划免疫:Planned Immunity 心理卫生:Mental Health 生活习惯living hab
4、it 社会适应能力social adaptation 亲情 parent-child relationship 健康查体:Physical Examination 随访follow-up 户外活动open field activity 身体抚触 stroking massage 窒息apnea 中毒intoxication 外伤trauma 预防接种:Vaccination 主动免疫Active immunity 被动免疫passive immunity 预防接种vaccination 小儿传染病infectious disease 卡介苗 Bacillus Calmette-Guerin v
5、accine, BCG vaccine 脊髓灰质炎疫苗 Polimyelitis Vaccine 麻疹疫苗 Measles Vaccine 百白破三联疫苗 Pertussis-Diphtheria-Tetanus triple vaccine 乙肝疫苗Hepatitis B vaccine 初种primary vaccination 复种revaccination 不良反应reaction 热量的需要:Caloric Requirement 基础代谢:Basal Metabolism 排泄 Excretion 蛋白质:Protein 碳水化合物:Carbohydrate 脂肪:Fat 维生素:
6、Vitamins 水溶性维生素:Water-soluble Vitamin 脂溶性维生素:Fat-soluble Vitamin 矿物质:Mineral 膳食纤维:Dietary Fiber 母乳喂养:Breast Feeding 母乳的成分:Component of Mothers Milk 免疫物质:immune material 免疫球蛋白:Immune Gloulin 补体:Complement 乳铁蛋白:Lactoferrin 溶菌酶:Lysozyme 双歧因子:Bifidus Factor 细胞成分:Components of Cells 慢性消耗性疾病:Chronic consu
7、mptions 精神障碍:Mental disorders 急性传染病:Acute infectious diseases 断奶:Weaning 人工喂养:Bottle-Feeding 稀释:Dilution 加糖:Add Sugar 煮沸:Boiling 定时定量:Time and rationed Feeding 个体差异:Individual Difference 混合喂养Mixed Feeding 大小便:Defecation 代授法:Breast-bottle-feeding 补授法:Supplemental Feeding 辅食添加:The Introduction of soli
8、d food 营养不良Malnutrition 代谢异常Developmental and Metabolic Disorder 临床分型:Clinical typing 消瘦型Marasmus Malnutrition 浮肿型Edema Malnutrition 消瘦浮肿型MarasmusEdema Malnutrition 病因:Etiological Factor 摄入不足:Deficiency of Intake 辅食添加不及时:Introduction of Solid Food 饮食结构不合理:Incorrect Components of Diet 不良饮食习惯:Bad Eati
9、ng Habit 消化吸收障碍:Disorder of Digestion and Absorption 消化道先天畸形:Congenital Anomaly of Digestive Tract 先天性代谢障碍:Congenital Dysbolism 消化功能紊乱:Disorder of Digestive Function 需求增多:Requirement Increases 生长发育迅速的时期:The period when children grow rapidly 疾病恢复期:Recovery Phase of diseases 双胎或多胎:Twins or Multiplets
10、早产:Premature 消耗性疾病Consumptions 病理生理:Pathophysiology 代谢异常:Dysbolism 体温调节:Thermoregulation 机体各系统功能低下:Incapacity of Body Systems 消化系统:Digestive System 循环系统:Circulatory System 泌尿系统:Urinary System 神经系统:Nervous System 免疫系统:Immune System 临床表现:Clinical Situation 皮下脂肪Subcutaneous Fat 腹Abdomen 躯干Trunk 臀Breech
11、 四肢Extremities 面颊Cheeks 皮肤Skin 干燥Dehydration 苍白Pale; 肌肉Muscles 松弛Laxity 萎缩Atrophy; 精神状态Mental Status 萎靡Dispirited 反应差Low Response; 全身症状General Symptoms 并发症:Complication 营养性贫血:Nutritional Anemia 各种维生素缺乏症:Various Kinds of Avitaminosis 感染:Infections 低血糖:Hypoglycemia 诊断标准:Standard of Dignosis 分型:Types 分
12、度:Degrees 实验室检查:Laboratory Examination 鉴别诊断:Differential Diagnosis 治疗原则:Therapeutic Principle 综合治疗Comprehensive Treatment 治疗方法:Therapeutic Method 积极治疗原发病:Cure the Primary Disease 饮食治疗:Diet Therapy 药物治疗:Drug Treatment 支持治疗:Supporting Therapy 危重症处理:Treatment in Crises 度营养不良伴腹泻时的治疗Severe Malnutrition c
13、ompanied by Diarrhea 营养不良性水肿的治疗Nutritional Edema 蛋白质缺乏综合症(恶心营养不良综合症)Kwashiorkor 添加辅食:Instruction of solid food 睡眠充足:Sufficient Sleeping 防治先天性疾病和小儿急性传染病:Prevention and Treatment of Congenital Diseases and Acute Infectious Diseases 孕期保健与产前诊断:Health Care in Pregnancy and Prenatal Diagnosis 新生儿筛查:Neonat
14、al Screening 治疗先天性疾病:Cure Congenital Diseases 按时预防接种:Vaccination on time 定期体格检查:Regular Physical Examination 营养障碍性疾病Dystrophy 病因及病理生理:Etiological Factor and Pathophysiology 单纯性肥胖:Simple Obesity 摄入过多:Excessive Intake 活动过少:Lack of Movement 家族遗传:Inheritance 神经、精神因素:Nervous and Mental Factors 继发性肥胖:Secondary Obesity 膝外翻Genu Valgum 扁平足Fallen arch 性发育较早:Early Sexual Development 实验室检查:Laboratory Examinations 胆固醇Cholesterol 甘油三酯Triglyceride 脂蛋白Beta Lipoprotein 胰岛素Insulin 生长激素Growth Hormone 诊断标准:Standard of Diagnosis 轻度Mild 制度Moderate 重度Sever
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