专题22 宾语从句和定语从句中考英语语法单项选择题专项突破解析版Word格式文档下载.docx

1、 （咸宁）一Sorry, I am too busy now. Why not search the Internet for information?A. how does smog（雾霾）come into being B. where the national space station lies C. why are tigers becoming fewer now D. how many years did the Qin empire last4. I wonder _. （济宁）A. if the program Readers is popular B. how does t

2、he program Readers succeedC. when did the program Readers begin D. whether is the program Readers popular【答案】A【解析】宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除B，C和D项。故选A。5. Can you tell me_?（怀化）A. What does the Belt and Road mean B. What the Belt and Road means C. What will the Belt and Road mean 【解析】宾语从句要用陈述句语序，故选B。句意：你能告诉我一带一路是什

3、意思吗？6. Id like to know _ for the party. （武汉）I have no idea. A. why did she buy so little food B. what she has prepared C. whether will she dance D. when is she leaving【解析】宾语从句要用陈述句语序，故排除选项A、C和D。学科*网2. 宾语从句连接词的选择 宾语从句连接词的选择可从两个方面把握：一是连接词在从句中作不做成分，如果作成分，作什么成分；二是连接词在从句中有无意义，有何意义。详见下表：连 接 词作 用意 义That if

4、/whether 是否what/which/who/whom/whose/how many/how much 主语、宾语、表语、定语什么/哪一个/谁、谁的、多少when/where/how/why状语何时/何地/怎样、为什么另外，语境和答语也是判断宾语从句连接词的依据。1 .The children said _they _themselves very much .A .if; enjoy B .why; enjoyed C .what; enjoy D .that; enjoyed 【答案】D孩子们说他们玩得很开心。said后是一个宾语从句，连接词在从句中不作成分，也没有意义，应用that

5、引导。2. Listen! It is still noisy in the head teachers office. Go and see _ they have finished correcting the papers yet. A. that B. whether C. when D. how 【答案】B3. Could you tell me _ she is looking for?Her cousin, Susan.A. that B. whose C .who D. which 【答案】C【解析】连接词在宾语从句中作宾语，排除A、B；由答语Her cousin, susan

6、.可知，应用who引导宾语从句。4. Its up to you to decide _ youll go there, by air or by road. A. how B. why C. that D. when 【答案】A坐飞机还是坐船你自己决定。由后面的by air or by road可知，是表示方式，故用how引导宾语从句。5. Can you tell me ? （东营）It will be built to help work out big city problems in Beijing. A. if Xiongan New Area will be built B. W

7、hen we will build Xiongan New Area C. why Xiongan New Area will be built D. what will happen to the people in Xiongan New Area 【答案】C【解析】题干是人物对话，连接词由答语确定。由答语可知问句是询问建立雄安新区的原因。故选C。你能告诉我为什么建立雄安新区？它将建立起来帮助解决北京大城市问题。6. Excuse me，I wonder_.（德州）一Yes, its near the bookstore.A. where we will go for the holida

8、y B. if there is a lost and found officeC. when she will give me a call D. how we can go to Hong Kong【解析】题干是个人物对话，连接词根据答语来确定。结合答语中“yes”可知宾语从句应该以if或whether引导。劳驾，我想知道是否有失物招领处？7. Boy, your head teacher has set up a WeChat group. Could you tell me _? （潍坊）OK. Ill teach you. Its so easy.A. how I join it B

9、. why he sets it up C. what it is used for D. when it was set up8. Could you tell me _?（呼和浩特） By searching the Internet. A. how did Carl get the news B. why Carl got the news C. how Carl got the news D. why did Carl get the news 【解析】宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A、D；由答语“通过上网搜索”可知，应用how引导宾语从句的引导词应用how来，表示方式；9. Does an

10、yone know the famous scientist was born? （资阳）I know! In New York. A. when B. why C. whether D. where有人知道这个著名的科学家出生在哪里吗？我知道。出生在纽约。由答句可知，询问的是地点，应用where引导宾语从句。10. Everyone plays an important part in society. As members, we should try our best to do _ to make the world better and better. （龙东）A. what we

11、should do B. what should we do C. how we should do在社会上，人人都起着重要作用。作为成员，我们应该尽最大努力去做我们应该作的，使我们的世界越来越美好。宾语从句由“疑问词+陈述语序”，所以排除B；what we should do我们应该做什么；how we should do我们应该怎么做。分析句意可知，我们应最大努力做我们应该做的，来建设我们的世界，故选A。3. 宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态要和主句的时态一致。如果主句是过去时态，宾语从句也要用相应的过去时态。一般情况下，可根据时间状语来确定时态，如无明确的时间状语，则可根据语境来判断宾语从句

12、动作发生的时间。如果题干是人物对话，则答语也是判断宾语从句时态的依据之一。另外，因为宾语从句表示将来要用一般将来时，而状语从句表示将来要用一般现在时，所以要注意把宾语从句和状语从句区分开来， 如果从句性质判断错了，答案自然就错了。1. Judy, could you tell me _ the schoolbag. （北京）Oh, yes. I bought it in a store on the Internet. A. where did you buy B. where will you buy C. where you bought D. where you will buy 【解析

13、】宾语从句要用陈述句语序，因此排除A和B；由答语的时态可知，应用一般过去时，故选C。2. Do you know _ at this time last night? （六盘水） Sorry, I dont know. A. what she is doing B. what she was doingC. what is she doing D. what was she doing3. Charlie finally told me _. （乌鲁木齐）A. why he was angry with me B. what he will do this weekendC. who did

14、he play volleyball with D. when does he get to school【解析】宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除C和D；主句谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句应用相应的过去时态，由此排除B。4. Have you decided _ this summer holiday? （淮安） Yes. To Paris.A. where do you go B. where you go C. where will you go D. where you will go你决定今年暑假去哪里了吗？是的。去巴黎。宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除A、C；由主句的时态和时间状语this su

15、mmer holiday可知，指将来的动作，应用一般将来时。5. I want to know more about Hong Kong. Can you tell me ? （长春） In 1997. A. when did it return to China B. when it returned to China C. when does it return to China D. when it returns to China【解析】宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除A、C；由答语In 1997.可知，应用一般过去时，故选B。6. I dont know if Eric _ this Su

16、nday. If he _ here, Ill call you at once. （眉山）A. will come; will come B. come; comesC. comes; will come D. will come;我不知道这周日Eric会不会来。如果他来这儿，我立刻给你打电话。第一个if引导宾语从句，由时间状语this Sunday可知，指将来的动作，应用一般将来时；第二个if引导条件状语从句，要用一般现在时表将来。7. I dont know when he _ back. Please tell me when he _ back. （宜宾）A. comes; come

17、s B. comes; will come C. will come;8. Could you tell us where _the day after tomorrow? （黔东南） A. you will go B. will you go C. you have gone D. you went【解析】宾语从句用陈述语序，再根据时间状语the day after tomorrow可知，应用一般将来时。 考点二. 定语从句 在主句中作定语的句子叫定语从句。引导定语从句的连接词叫关系词，关系词分为关系代词指和关系副词。中考对于定语从句的考查主要在于关系词的选择和定语从句中的主谓一致。1. 关

18、系代词who, whom, which, that, whose引导定语从句 定语从句对关系词的考查主要是关系代词指，关系代词主要有who, whom, which, that和whose。关系代词指的选择可以从两个方面入手，一是作用，二是先行词所指。关系代词作用指代Who主语、宾语人Whom宾语Which人、物Whose定语1. We should look up to those scientists sent Tianzhou-1 Cargo Spaceship （天舟一号货运飞船） to space. （岳阳）A. which B. who C. what我们应该仰慕那些把天舟一号货运

19、飞船送上太空的科学家。引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，应用关系代词；先行词those scientists指人，故选B。2. The man called yesterday wants to buy the house. （株洲）A. who B. what C. which昨天打电话的那个人想买房子。引导定语从句，先行词the man指人，应用关系代词who引导。3. Have you heard about the TV program Reader _ is very popular now? （永州）A. which B. who C. where【解析】引导定语从句，并在从句中作主

20、语，先行次词the TV program Reader指物，故选A。你听过朗读者这个目前很受欢迎的电视节目吗？4. Id like to tell you about the table manners _ you should know when you visit France. （滨州）A. which B. who C. what D. how【解析】引导定语从句，并在从句中作know的宾语。先行词table manners指物，故选A。我想告诉你当你参观法国时你应该熟知的餐桌礼仪。5. Yesterday Mr. Green went to his hometown and visi

21、ted the old house _ he was born in. （泰安） A. which B. where C. what D. it【解析】引导定语从句，并在从句中作介词in的宾语，应用关系代词；四个选项中只有which是关系代词。昨天格林先生去了他的故乡，参观了他出生的老宅。6. This is a heartwarming story about a boy_ saved his mothers life. （十堰）A. which B. who C. whose D. whom这是一个关于男孩的感人故事，这个男孩救了他母亲的命。引导2. 定语从句中的主谓一致问题关系代词在定语

22、从句中作主语时，便涉及到主谓一致的问题。定语从句的谓语动词与其先行词在人称和数上要保持一致。因此，准确辨识先行词是解决这一问题的关键。1. Alice prefers stories that _short and funny. （遂宁）A. are B. is C. was D. were爱丽丝喜欢短而有趣的故事。首先确定句子为一般现在时，先行词stories为复数，be动词用are，故选A。2. What kind of movies do you prefer?I prefer the movies _ me something to think about.A. which give

23、B. that gives C. that gives D. who gives3. My cousin is a boy _ lots of trouble to his parents. （丹东）A. who bring B. which brings C. who brings D. that bring我的表弟是一个把问题带给父母的男孩儿。引导定语从句，先行词boy指人，关系代词应用who，故排除B、D项，且boy为单数，谓语动词应用单数。巩固练习：1. Do you know _ the man with sunglasses is? （永州）Im not sure. Maybe a

24、 reporter. A. who B. what C. where D. how 2. 一Do you know _ The Belt and Road Forum（“一带一路”高峰论坛）began? （连云港）On May 14th, 2017.A. that B. when C. if D. where3.Do you know the man is cooking in the kitchen? （铜仁）Sure. He is my uncle.A. whose B. which C. who D. whom4. . Mom, have you seen my toy bear? I

25、dont know _ I have left it. （苏州）A. why B. when C. how D. where5. Could you please tell me _ “The Reader”, a TV programme hosted by Dong Qing?Well, it is fun and teaches us a lot of knowledge. （泰州）A. how do people like B. how people likedC. why do many people like D. why many people like6. Helen, cou

26、ld you tell me _ living in the countryside? （宿迁）Perhaps next weekend.A. why you will visit our granny B. when will you visit your grannyC. when you will visit your granny D. why will you visit your granny7. Today is Fathers Day, Im thinking about _.（盐城）A. what present I gave my father B. if I planned a party for my fatherC. how I can give my father a surprise D. where will my father and I have a big meal8. Excuse me, could you tell me _? （扬州）Well, theres one on your left.A. when the bank opens B. where the bank isC. how far is the bank D. how c