风筝翻译Word格式.docx

1、Besides the topic design in s ShaYan kite, many minor patterns may aslo in it as decorations,which beautify the topic design of a kite as well as express peoples hopes and whishes.For example,there are succive patterns on the chest,stomach and at the end of a ShaYan kite .These successive pattern ,s

2、uch as circle lines and cloud-built lines. After being drawn several lines then painted various colors,the design of ShaYan kite（Swallow-shaped Kite）appears to be compact and fair. Therere several kinds of kites with some patterns emboided on the SandMartin in Jingjin area（Jingjin refers to Beijing

3、and Tianjin ）. Most of these patterns come from Chinese traditional auspicious motifs. The following are some examples. In ShaYan kite with 13 bats,the pictorial design is just atraditional expression. It uses black as setting,whichforms a foil to the thirteen flying bats according to the model of b

4、lack pot（another saying of fat swallow in this kind of fly）. Two dragons playing with a pearl aslo belongs to SandMartin hard-fin type kite.Dragon is said to be the God in Chinese legend,symbolizing good luck and wealth. Two dragons playing with a pearl describes that he dragon is playing she dragon

5、 for the pearl. It is said tha the pearl is in the stomach of he dragon when out with flame. The kites background is purple, with white cloud, red dragon,decorated with irregular flame,pearl on in the heart of the kite. And the two dragons lies on the two wings seperately responding to each other,wh

6、ich comes into a symmetrical coordinaion.At the same time, kite handicraftsmen come up with new ideas continuosly. They decorate new patterns on ShaYan kite. Sometimes ,they add bats hanging longevity peach in their mouths. Because in Chinese words,“福”（means good luck）and “蝠”（means bat） are homophon

7、es,so kite with bats on it sybolizes blessing and longevity. Sometimes,there are peaches and oney on the side of bats. In ancient times, money in Chinese was written as“泉”rather than todays “钱”，but they are homophones at that time, so this kind of ShaYan kite is called fushoushuangquan（means to enjo

8、y both happiness and longevity）. Later,craftsmen further developed these symbolistic patterns, like jiqingyouyu （with adequate luck and living）kitemwhich is drawn with two chicken and two fish on the ShaYan kite design. “鸡”（chicken） and “吉”（means auspicious）are homophones,“鱼”（means fish）and “余”（mean

9、s adequate） are homophones. So they chose chicken and fish to express delicious wishes that everything goes well and there are adequate food for living. When craftsmen make it, the fish lies on leg part of the kite with head and taid hold up in the air. Being in this position, the fish echos wonderf

10、ully to the chicken on the swing part of the kite. The patterns on the kite are full of liveness and joyousness for the black ground make the fish and chicken obvious.The patterns on black pot kite simply have two kinds of color:black and white,forming fierce contrast under the blue sky. So it stand

11、s out in the air assing the feature that black pot kite generally has a fat body（附图4-1-2黑锅底风筝）.III senior god of longevity with good health and good fortuneThe senior god of longevity with good health and good fortune kite is one of the traditional hard-fin figure kite in our country（图4-1-3，见彩页）. Go

12、d of longevity ,in other words, Canopus（Old Man Star） or Antarctic Senior. In the book ShiJi Historial Records,it says that the God of longevity is exactly the Antarctic Senior. Once he is seen,the country weill in order and well peace,so people buile temples for him to pray for blessing and longevi

13、ty. Antarctic Senior is regarded as the god who take charge of peoples longevity, thus,drawn as the appearance of senior man with white beard,a crutch in hand and a long head whose forhead bulges. It has a wide spread among the people, however,it has different stories. Ancient people hoped for longe

14、vity and come into existence the Senior man for longevity and good fortune refers to Laozi. In another version,he refers to Pengzu,a person who was fabricated in Ancient China.The story of Laozi can learned in神仙传of Jin dynasty. It is said tha his real name is Li Er,Li as sir name,Er as given name. H

15、e styled himself Boyang. Born in Li village of kou county of State Chu, he was a geat thinker in Spring and Autum period and historiographer taking charge of preserving books in Zhou dynasty. He was the ancestor of Daoism. In legend,living nearly 300years,he was born with totally white hair, bulging

16、 head, broad forehead, big ears,long eyebrow, wide nose,square mouth with thick lips. There were wrinkles on his forehead耳有三个漏门. With an indifference to fame of gain, he lived carefree without desire. He was called Laozi because of his longevity. The futurity compared him to Old Man Star. The strori

17、es of Pengzu can be seen in 神仙传or 列仙传. He was said to be named ZhenQiang, being the great-great-grandson of 瑞the emperor of the Aniquity. He didnt seem old even when he was 767 years old at the end of Shang dynasty. He devoted all his life to cultivating his mind. Once given the position of scholar

18、bureaucrat,he choosed to travel around rather than joined him in politics. Owing to his ides of Yunqi（the art of directing ones strength,through concentration to a part of body） to keep in good health,he could live long. Later, suffering war,he wandered in the western territories for over 100years.

19、Accoring to legend, he lived to be 800years old. So people took him as the smbolization of longevity.Although is manfacture is relatively easy,it carries careful colored pattern which in general drawn by gongbi（traditional Chiense realistic painting）. For Old Man Star generally has one image of patt

20、ern so it has a single procecdure of painting. The two crossing sticks used for the body part up and down need to be hard in the middle, soft at the end that is made for wings. The degree of curvature of the two wings should consistent. Its better if the two crossing sticks come from one bamboo. Fir

21、st,put up the spine （the up-and-down or vertical stick tha you build your kite around ）;second ,tie the spar（the support sticks that are placed crossways or at a slant over the spine. Sometimes theyre curved or vowed）on the spine to form a frame（that form the shape of the kite and make a support of

22、the cover）. Third,cut a piece of string long enough o stretch all aroun the kite form. Then curve and tie other bamboo strips.IV the wonderful magic monkey kingThe Sun Wukong kites have many patterns, like the traditional“米” character（word）hard-fin kite,and names for them are vary as well. For examp

23、le,Flower Fruit Mountain kite,Peach Party kite,Great Sage to Heaven kite,Beating the Peod Bones Spirit Three Times kite,Monkey King 72 Transformations kite and Sun Wukong Atom kite. Kite artists gather all the merits of various kites, with the unique idea,designing the MonkeyKing Holding Peaches in

24、Golden Tray kite.The story of Sun Wukong comes from Journey to the West. When craftmen made this kind of kites,they drawn Sun Wukong as a brave monkey. He disturbed the Yonggungsa（龙宫） and made the afterworld in disorder. An interesting thing is that he forced Yama to take out the live-and-death list

25、,on which he crossed out all the names of his kind. Later,the Jade Emperor knew it, in order to take control of him,the Jade Emperor sent Great White Planet to him to svarga by tricking him that he would be titled Bimawen（a position charging of horse in svarga）. When he knew the trick,he left. Insta

26、ntly, the Jade Emperor ordered Heavenly King Li to confess Sun Wukong. Sun Wukong fight against him bravely with tact and calmness,and the jumping jack were all defeated badly. So,again the Jade Emperor sent Great White Planet to give him title savage with the Heaven. Sun Wukong lived free and unfrt

27、tered, not pay much attention to laws or norms. For his impoliteness,WuQianQian as Heavenly Matriarch refused to invite him to the Peach Party. Full of fury,Sun Wukong stole the peaches,ate the Golden Elixir Pills and drank 御酒. With anger,the Jade Emperor dispatched god Erlang succeeded in catching

28、him relying on his arm金刚圈. Sun Wukong was pulled into the 八卦炉of Lord Lao Zi of the Great Monad. But that didnt burn him into nothing,in turn,made him own dimond hard eye with flaming red dupils which can dicern ghosts and monsters. After 49 days,he went out and made the avarga turning upside down. W

29、ith boldness of conception,wonderfull exaggeration ,the principle of the structral aesthetic of pattern design and creation,craftmen make kites designs full of novelty and wonder. They magnify the peaches to foil the artistic conception, and diminish the size of Sun Wukong to represent humor. This k

30、ind of design is full of artistic conception and novelty.It is this kind of kite,generally speaking,whose appearance is fla, whose contour can be changed according to subject matter and whose frame is made up of central stick, two upside sicks. Its other parts can be banded by thin bamboo pieces. Th

31、e design of Sun Wukong kite magnifies peaches to represent the supernatural powers and image of Sun Wukong wisely and freshly. The patterns are colored painting full of the conception of trying to unique and gracious. On painting and technique, it absorbs the spirit of Chinese traditional painting a

32、s well as mordern fantastic color and realisic painting and writing, putting innovation into novelty, with ?in the deep feeling of inner.V amazing piebridgePieBriage kite represent the legend of love in Chinese ancient legend. Cowherd and weaing girl are the names of constellations with cowherd refe

33、rring to Altair and weaving girl referring to Vega. In the legend,Weaving girl was the granddaughter of the Jade Emperor, clever and hardworking,knitting nankin all the year. Weaving girl lived in the east of the Milky Way. In the west,lived the very poor but clever,dilifent and honest cowherd,doing farm work with his buffalo. One d