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小升初英语语法Word文件下载.docx

1、例如:a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice判断步骤: 如是am、is或was原形读句子读该单词认识该单词理解意思看be动词 如是are或were加s或es练一练:1、写出下列各词的复数。I _ him _ this _ her _ watch _ mango_child _ photo _ diary _ day_ foot_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _ thief _ engineer_ peach_ sandwich _ man _woman _leaf_ peopl

2、e_2、用所给名词的正确形式填空。(1)Are there two( box ) on the table?(2)I can see some ( people ) in the cinema.(3)How many ( day ) are there in a week?(4)Herere five( bottle ) of ( juice ) for you.(5)This( violin ) is hers. Those( grape ) are over there.二、冠词冠词是一种虚词,不能独立使用,通常放在名词的前面,分为“不定冠词”和“定冠词”两种。1、不定冠词:a、an。用在

3、单数名词前,表示“一个,一件”。an用在以元音“音素”开头的单词前。 an e-mail, an orange, an old man, an English watch, an hour2、定冠词:the。用在单数或者复数名词前。the没有具体意思,有时翻译为这、那。它的基本用法:(1)用来表示特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。The map on the wall is new.(2)表示说话者双方都知道的人或事物。Look at the picture, please.(3)表示再次提到前面谈过的人或事物。This is a stamp. The stamp is beautiful.(4)

4、用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前。the sun太阳the moon月亮the earth地球(5)用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。the Great Wall长城(6)用在江河、湖海等专有名词前。the Changjiang River长江(7)此外,序数词、形容词最高级、乐器名称等词前面和一些习惯用语中一般都用定冠词the。the first day, the best boy, play the piano, in the same class确定用a、an还是the时可根据汉语意思。1、用a或an填空。_ “U”_ ice-cream_goalkeeper_ teapot _apple

5、_office _English book _umbrella_ unit_hour2、根据需要,填写冠词a,an或the。(1)Who is _girl behind _tree?(2) _old man has two children, _ son and _daughter.(3)This is_ orange._ orange is Lucys.(4)He likes playing _guitar. We have _same hobby.(5)We all had_good time last Sunday.(6)She wants to be_doctor.三,数 词我们学过两

6、类:基数词和序数词。基数用于表示数量多少,而基数词用于表示次序,常在日期中出现。区别:基数词前面没有“the”;序数词前一定要有“the”。1、超过二十以上的两位数需要在个位和十位之间加上“-”。21twenty-one2、三位数以上的则需要在百位数后再加上and。101a/one hundred and one3、用基数词来修饰可数名词时,一定别忘了它的复数形式。十八个男孩eighteen boys4、用基数词修饰不可数名词时,如是复数,变它的量词为复数。两碗米饭two bowls of rice5、序数词一般加“th”,特殊的有:first, second, third, fifth, e

7、ighth, ninth, twelfth以及二十及二十以外的整十:twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth “第几十几”:前面整十不变,后面“几”改为序数词。88eighty-eighth1、请翻译下列短语。(1)60名学生(2)15本英语书(3)九杯凉水(4)4个孩子(5)12月31(6)6月2日(7)第九周(8)40年前(9)11+7(10)上学第一天2、把下列基数词改成序数词。one- two- three-nine- fourteen-twenty- thirty-five-eighty-one四、代代词有两种:人称代词和物主代词。1、人称代词分为:第一、第二、第

8、三人称,且有单复数之分。2、人称代词的主格在句中做主语,一般用在动词前(疑问句除外);宾格在句中做宾语,多用于动词、介词后。3、形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,后面一定要跟名词,表示该名词是属于谁的。4、名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。This is my bag. = This is mine.That is her ruler. = That is hers.一般看后面有没有名词,如有,就用形容词性物主代词;如无,就用名词性物主代词。 请牢记下表:单数复数人称代词主格Iyouhesheitwethey宾格mehimherusthem物主代词形容词性myyourhisitsourth

9、eir名词性mineyourshersourstheirs1、按要求写出相应人称代词。I(宾格)_she(形容词性物主代词)_ we(名词性物主代词)_ he(复数)_us(单数)_theirs(主格)_ its(宾格)_ 2、想一想,把下表补充完整。物主代词第一人称第二人称第三人称3、用所给词的适当形式填空。1)That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I )2)The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she ) 3)Is this _ watch? ( you ) No, it

10、s not _ . ( I ) 4)_ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he ) 5)_ dresses are red. ( we ) What colour are _? ( you ) 6)Show _ your kite, OK? ( they ) 7)I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it ) 8)Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not _. _ arent here. ( they

11、) 9)Shall _ have a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom. ( we ) 10)_ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _is a nurse. ( she ) 11)Where are _? I cant find _. Lets call _ parents. ( they ) 12)Dont touch _. _is not a cat, _ is a tiger! ( it )13)_ sister is ill. Please go and see _. ( she ) 14)The gir

12、l behind _ is our friend. ( she )五、形容词、副词1、形容词表示某一事物或人的特征,副词表示某一动作的特征。形容词和副词有三种形式:原形、比较级、最高级。比较级:+er 最高级:the +est两个重要特征:asas中间一定用原形,than的前面一定要+er。2、形容词、副词比较级的规则变化如下:(1)一般直接+er。tall - taller, fast - faster 单音节词如果以-e结尾,只加-r。late - later(2)重读闭音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,须双写这个字母,再加-er。big - bigger, fat - fatter(3)以辅

13、音字母加-y结尾的词,变y为i,再加-er。heavy - heavier, early - earlier(4)双音节和多音节词的比较级应在原级前加more构成。beautiful - more beautiful, careful - more careful, quietly - more quietly, interesting - more interesting(5)有些不规则变化的,须逐一加以记忆。good/well better, bad/ill worse, many/much more, far farther/further, old older/elder1、写出下列形

14、容词、副词的比较级。big good long tall old short thin heavy young fat light strong high far low early late well fast slow2、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1) I can swim as _ ( fast ) as the fish, I think.2) Look! His hands are _ ( big ) than mine.3) I think you do these things_ ( well ) than your classmates.4) Whose bag is _

15、 ( heavy ), yours or mine?5) Does Jim run as _(slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs_ ( slow ) than them.6) You have seven books, but I have _ ( many ) than you. I have ten.7) I jump _ ( far ) than some of the boys in my class.8) Im very_ ( thin ), but shes _ ( thin ) than me.9) It gets _and_ ( warm )

16、 when spring comes here.六、介 词1、一种虚词。不能单独作句子成分,它只有跟它后面的宾语一起构成介词短语,才能在句子中起作用。有:in, on, under, with, behind, about, near, before, after, for, to, up, down, from, in front of, out of, fromto, at the back of2、表示时间的介词有:at, on, in。(1)at表示“在某一个具体的时间点上”,或用在固定词组中。at ten oclock, at 9:30 a.m., at night, at the

17、weekend(2)on表示“在某日或某日的时间段”。on Friday, on the first of October, on Monday morning(3)in表示“在某一段时间(月份、季节)里”。in the afternoon, in September, in summer, in 20053、in一词还有其他的固定搭配,如:in blue(穿着蓝色的衣服),in English(用英语表达),take part in(参加)。1、选用括号内恰当的介词填空。1) Whats this _ ( at, on, in ) English?2) Christmas is _ ( at

18、, on, in ) the 25th of December.3) The man_ ( with, on, in ) black is Su Hais father.4) He doesnt do well _ ( at, on, in ) PE.5) Look at those birds _ ( on, in ) the tree.6) We are going to meet _ ( at, on, in ) the bus stop _ ( at, on, in ) half past ten.7) Is there a cat _ ( under, behind, in ) th

19、e door?8) Helens writing paper is _ ( in, in front of ) her computer.9) We live _ ( at, on, in ) a new house now.10) Does it often rain _ ( at, on, in ) spring there?2、圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词,并将正确的答案写在横线上。1) Jim is good in English and Maths. 2) The films were in the ground just now. 3) They are talking to t

20、heir plans. 4) How many students have their birthdays on May?5) Womens Day is at the third of March. 6) I can jog to school on the morning. 7) Did you water trees at the farm? 8) Can you come and help me on my English?9) I usually take photos in Sunday morning. 10) What did you do on the Spring Fest

21、ival?七、动 词这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称,其中包括be动词、情态动词、助动词、行为动词(就是我们平时总说的那种动词)。动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分,如不能一眼看出,可用如下方法:先用“一(量词)”(如:一个、一张等)和这个词连起来说,如说得通,一般认为是名词;说不通再用“很”去判断,就是把“很”和为个词连起来说,说得通一般就是形容词;都说不通就是动词。(目前我们学过的,以后可能不同)(另外一些很明显的,如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道)1、be动词( am, is, are, was, were )1)amwas, is was, are-were 口诀:我用am, 你用

22、are, is用在他她它,所有复数全用are。2)肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not)long. Her eyes are(not) small. 3)一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you arent. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they arent. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.

23、4)be动词的否定形式:am not(没有缩写形式),are not = arent ,is not = isnt 。用恰当的be动词填空。 1、用be动词的适当形式填空。1)I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not. 2)The girl_ Jacks sister. 3)The dog _ tall and fat. 4)The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5)_ your brother in the classroom? 6)How _ your father?7)Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 8)Whose dress _ this?9)Whose socks _ they? 10)Who _ I?11)The jeans _ on the desk. 12)Here _ a scarf for you. 13)Here _ some sweaters for you. 14)The black gloves _ for Su Yang. 15)This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling. 16)The two cups of milk _ for me. 17)Some tea _ in the glass. 18)Ga

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