非谓语动词Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、 She hopes to meet her boyfriend.Frank intended to go to the movies.否定形式为：S + V1 + not +to + V2.We desire not to go shopping now.2） S + V1 + 宾语 + to + V2原形 此句型多用以下动词：a. 表示“命令、忠告”：wish, want, like, ask, tell, teach, advise, beg, allow, order, expect 等。b. 表示“判断”：think, believe, suppose 等。I want her to

2、 do the difficult work. They allowed me to fish here. I told you not to do it. 3） S +V + （O） + 疑问词+ to + V原形 疑问词包括：when, where, how, what, which, whether 等。I dont remember when to end this class.Joseph taught us how to pronounce this word.a. how, when, where 为疑问副词，不可作宾语，适用公式为： how / where / when + t

3、o + Vi / Vt+O Would you tell me how to enter this building? b. what, which, whom 为疑问代词，可以作宾语， 适用公式为：what / which / whom + to + Vi / Vt （无需加宾语）I forget what to do in the next working period.c. 疑问词+ to + V原形可作主、宾或表语：Where to park the car is still a problem.I am learning when to ask a question in prope

4、r situations.Another problem is how to pass the oral test.4） S + V1 + it + Adj / N + to + V2原形句中主动词通常为：find, think, believe, consider, make, take, regard等。If you work hard at English pronunciation, you will find it sweet to speak it.We consider it a rule to respect the elders and the learned.c. 作补语有

5、两种形式：a. 主语补语To see is to believe.My wish is to help the poor in America.b. 宾语补语We all think her to be honest.I expect her to marry me, not anyone else.D. 作形容词用1）N + to Vt / Vi + 介词It is the best way to arrive at the destination. Many poor people have few houses to live in.I have no pen to write with

6、.She is looking for a chair to sit in.a. 作形容词用的不定式，如果修饰宾语时，Vi要加介词。 b. be动词后面的不定式可表示“未来、预定、义务”等含义. The meeting is to be held tomorrow. We are to get married this May.E. 作副词用1） 表示目的句型a: to / in order to / so as to + V原形 = with an eye to / with a view to + V-ing = that / so that / in order that + S + m

7、ay / might + V原形 = for the purpose of + V-ing含义：为了，以便 I come to meet you.= I come in order to meet you.= I come in order that I may / can meet you.= I come for the purpose of meeting you.a. 此类用法的不定式短语，通常放在动词之后，也可置于句首，但需要用逗号隔开。 She closed the door in order to keep warm.= In order to keep warm, she cl

8、osed the door. b. 不定式之前有only时，表示“反意的结果”。Stevenson loved her only to divorce.句型b. not to / in order not to / so as not to + V原形 = lest / for fear / in case that +S + should = that / so that / in order that + S + may / might + not + V原形 = for fear of V-ing / N为了不，以便不 They went away not to meet her.= T

9、hey went away in order not to meet her.= They went away in order that they could not meet her.= They went away lest they meet her.= They went away for fear of meeting her.2） 表示结果 so +adj / adv + as to V原形/ that + S + can / could + V原形。 = adj / adv + enough to + V原形如此-以至于John worked so hard at Englis

10、h to pass to entrance examination.= John worked so hard that he could pass entrance examination.= John worked hard enough to pass entrance examination.句型b: too + adj / adv + to 原形 = so + adj / adv that S + can not + V原形 = not + adj / adv + enough to + V原形太-以至不能 I am too busy to play with you. = I am

11、 so busy that I cant play with you. = I am not leisure enough to play with you.a. 如果强调某人，可用句型：too + adj /adv + for +sb + to V原形 This film is too difficult for me to understand.也可用句型： too + adj / adv + for + N / V-ingThe scenery is too beautiful for word.He is too short for that job.b. too之前加有only 时，

12、意为“very”, 且多置于happy, glad, pleased 等之前。We are only too pleased to learn English with Mary.c. too之后有ready, apt, liable, inclined, easy等形容词时，理解为“非常-”。Thomas was too inclined to read English before sleep.句型c: not / never too + adj / adv + to + V原形不至于太- 而不能 It is not too late to fight the pollution. （防治

13、污染是不会太迟的。）句型d: too - not to含义: 太 - 不会不 She is too serious not to take is for granted.F. 省略to的不定式1） 感官动词主动形式的感官动词常用下列句型：see / watch/ feel / notice 等 + S + V原形I saw him swim run around the building.a. 此类动词还有：look at, listen to. V原形表示该动作已经结束或经常发生。b. 该句型中主语后面的动词还可以用另外两种形式：V-ing-表主动，说明动作正在进行；V过去分词-表被动。Wh

14、en I arrived home, I hear a girl singing in the next room.I heard my name called on my way home. c. 感官动词如用于被动语态，其后应该加 to。The thief was arrested, but he still did know that when he entered the office, he was seen to enter it.2） 使役动词使役动词的宾语如果是表示“发出动作”，用V原形；如果表示“接受动作”，则用V。过去分词; 而V-ing表示在某一个阶段或时间让某人做某事。

15、句型如下：have / make / let +S + V原形 / V-ing / （be） V过去分词。Dont worry. I will have Tom go over to help you.I am too busy to have my washing machine repaired. The horse was made working from day to night.1） 用let时， 其后的宾语如果是被动，需要在过去分词前加be 动词。 Let the project be done by Hank. 2） make 用于被动语态时，后加to + V。 Before

16、liberation, many farmers are made to wonder from here to there. 3） help 之后的to 通常省去。 Miss Wang often helps me learn Chinese.3） 惯用短语下列短语之后须接省to 的动词不定式：had better（最好）, would / had rather （宁愿）, may well （可以）, may / might as well （不妨，倒不如）, do nothing but / cannot but （只能，不得不）, all （S） have to do is （to）

17、- （S所要做的是-）。You had better not go there. I would rather die than do it. He does nothing but play all day. I cannot but laugh. He may well say so. You may as well know the truth. All （that） I have to do is （to） take a rest. = What I have to do is （to） take a rest. If he persists in laziness, he might

18、 as well withdraw from school. a. would rather + V原形than + V原形 b. do nothing but + V原形; have no choice but + to + V原形c. do nothing but 中，如果do改换成其它动词，but 之后的形式要根据该动词才能确定。I desires nothing but to learn more things about the English language.She always thinks of nothing but living a leisure life.We all

19、 avoid nothing but being seen by the enemy in front of us. d. 省略to后面的动词部分，其目的是要避免动词重复的出现，但要保留符号to （以表示该处原来有一个不定式结构），如： I asked him to go to the movies, but he didnt want to （go to the movies） He wanted to help us but he was not able to. Will you visit New York some day? -Id like to. G. 不定式的时态句型：1. S

20、 + V1 + to + V2 / have + V2过去分词 to + V 表示与V1同时发生； have + V2过去分词表示先于V1发生。 He seems to be well now. He seems to have been to Beijing.Hello, nice to meet you.Nice to have met you. See you next time.The ship is supposed to have left an hour ago.此类动词V1有：seem, appear, say, believe, think, suppose, be glad

21、 / sorry等。2. S + V1一般现在时 + to + V2原形3. S + V1过去式 + to + have + V2过去分词句型2表示希望、打算、期待，V2尚未发生；句型3 表示没有变成现实的希望、打算、期待。此类V1 主要有：希望-hope, wish, want; 打算-mean, intend, plan; 期待-expect；许诺-promise.I hope to meet you once more.I hoped to have completed this project.I expected to have married you.H. 不定式的语态1. to

22、+ V主动2. to + be + V被动 No one in the world likes to be laughed at, but many people like to laugh at others. To love and to be loved is the great happiness on earth.a.下列形式主动表被动： The shop is to let. He should be to blame for what he has done. b. 在形容词之后的不定式须用主动形式，表被动。 This English novel is difficult to

23、read, even for the English natives. Deric is not easy to get along with.I. to + V原形构成的惯用语to sum up总之strange to say说来奇怪to be sure 的确sad to say遗憾的是to be brief简而言之needless to say无需说to begin with首先so to speak所谓to tell the truth老实说not to mention更不用说to make matters worse更麻烦的是to do one justice 公平而言to be fr

24、ank坦白地说to ones sorrow / grief令人悲伤的是to ones joy / delight / pleasure令人高兴的是to ones disappointment令人失望的是to ones regret 令人后悔的是to ones embarrasment令人难堪的是五. 分词 分词有两种形式和意义：现在分词- V-ing 主动、进行 过去分词- V-p.p 被动、完成 比较：a smiling baby / a broken hearta developing nation / a developed nationI am interested in this i

25、nteresting magazine.The shocking news made all of us surprised.1. 作主动词 该用法有三种形式：1） be + V-ing: 进行时 What is the matter? I am bathing. When they called me last night, it was raining cats and dogs.2） be + Vp.p : 被动语态The window was broken by a boy.3） have / has / had + Vp.p: 完成时Tims has fallen asleep wh

26、en this film ends.Before you confessed to me, I had known the reason for this accident.2. 作形容词用，修饰名词 1） 位于名词之前。A rolling stone gathers no moss. A lost chance will never come back. 2） 位于名词之后。 此类用法多由关系从句转变而来，且通常有词主伴随。 I dont understand the girl standing in front of the car.= I dont understand the girl

27、 who is standing in front of the car.The English becomes the language spoken most widely in the world.= The English becomes the language that is spoken most widely in the world.3 作补语1） 作主语补语 此类用法既可用在go, come, lie, sit, stand之后，也可用在连系动词之后，如seem, appear, look, sound, feel, smell, get, become, remain等。

28、The girl always sits there reading books which is unknown to me.The cat came crying to me.The English teacher sat there surrounded by her students.Hearing the news, I dont feel disappointed any more.a. 连系动词之后的现在分词说明主语（事 / 物）的客观性质；过去分词说明主语（人）的主观心理感受。b. 部分动词的过去分词或现在分词有时为固定用法，须注意：That woman dressed / dressing herself in purple is my mother.The time I arrived at school, I found John seated / sitting / seating hi