高考英语二轮备考教学案8动词时态和语态文档格式.docx

1、30 every Wednesday and Friday.航班每个星期三、星期五2：30起飞。二、一般过去时规则表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。At that time，he worked as a teacher to support the family.那段时间他靠教书养家。规则表示过去某一段时间内反复发生的动作或存在的状态。I always got up late，and never had enough time for breakfast.我总是起床很晚，从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。规则在时间、条件、方式、让步等状语从句中，表示过去将来的动作。They said they woul

2、d inform me if they heard any news about him.他们说如果听到任何关于他的消息，就通知我。三、一般将来时规则一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，或在现在看来即将发生的动作或存在的状态，常与时间状语tomorrow，next week，in a few days等连用。We will have an important meeting tomorrow.我们明天要开一个重要的会议。规则“祈使句and/or陈述句”句型中，陈述句常用一般将来时。Study hard and you will pass the exam.努力学习你就会通过考试的。规则非

3、延续性动词，如go，come，leave，die等的现在进行时也可表示将要发生的动作。“The moment is coming soon，” he thought to himself，waiting nervously.“这一刻就要来到了，”他自思自忖，紧张地等待着。规则表示临时决定用will。Do you know Mr. Smith has come to our town?No，I will go and visit him right now.你知道史密斯先生来我们镇了吗？不知道。我现在就去看他。规则 “be to do” 和“be going to动词原形”表示“计划、打算要做某

4、事”，此外，be going to还可表示根据现在的迹象对未来进行推断。be about to do表示马上就要发生的动作，意为“正要”，不和具体的时间状语连用。The meeting is to take place at nine this morning.会议将于早上9点召开。Sit down，everyone. The film is about to start.大家坐好，电影马上就要开始了。Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.看这些乌云，要下雨了。四、现在进行时规则表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态，还可表示现阶段一直在进行的动作。

5、Hurry up，kids! The school bus is waiting for us!孩子们，快点！校车在等我们！The people all over the world are fighting against pollution.全世界的人们都在和污染作斗争。规则常与always，constantly，continually，forever （for ever） 等副词连用，表达说话者生气、赞扬、同情、不满、惊讶等感情色彩。Tom is always coming late for meetings，which makes his boss very angry.汤姆开会老是迟

6、到，这使他的老板很生气。五、过去进行时规则表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。She was telephoning a friend when I came in.当我进来时她正给一个朋友打电话。规则表示在过去某一段时间内一直在进行的动作，但谈话时动作未必正在进行。I was living in the schools dormitory when I was in middle school.我上高中时一直住在学校的宿舍里。规则与always，constantly，continually，forever等副词连用表示赞美或讨厌的感情色彩。The little boy was continua

7、lly asking his brother the same question，which made his brother bored（厌烦）这个小男孩总是问他哥哥同一个问题，这让他哥哥厌烦。Comrade Lei Feng was always thinking of others.He never thought of himself first.雷锋同志总是先想着他人，而不是自己。规则动词plan，expect，come，go，leave等的过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。She told me that she was leaving for Italy the next day

8、.她告诉我她第二天就出发去意大利。六、将来进行时规则将来进行时强调将来某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。Ill be flying to Beijing at two oclock this afternoon.今天下午两点钟我将飞往北京。七、现在完成时规则现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态一直延续到现在，表示动作已经完成。常与以下时间状语连用：already，yet，just，since，so far，recently，lately，up to now，until/till now，in the last/past few years。In the past few years，g

9、reat changes have taken place in my hometown.在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。规则在条件、时间或让步状语从句中，表示将来某时之前已完成的动作。When you have learned English，you will find it a bridge to so much knowledge.当你学习英语之后，你将找到一条通往丰富知识的桥梁。规则下列情况下常用现在完成时：It is/has been一段时间since从句It is twenty years since Ive seen her.我已经二十年没见她了。This/That/It

10、 is the first/second.time that现在完成时This is the first time that we have seen a film in the cinema as a family.这是我们全家第一次到电影院看电影。It/This is the best/worst/most interesting等名词从句现在完成时This is the most interesting novel he has ever written.这是他写得最有趣的一部小说。八、过去完成时规则表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已完成的动作，即“过去的过去”；或延续至过去某一时间的动作。

11、I found the lecture hard to follow because it had started when I arrived.我发现这个报告很难懂，因为当我到的时候，它已经开始了。规则表示本打算做但事实上并未做成某事。常见的有此用法的动词有：hope，want，mean，suppose，intend，plan，think，expect等。I had meant to help you，but I was too busy at that moment.我本打算帮你的，但当时我太忙了。规则在“no sooner.than.”或“hardly/scarcely.when.”结构

12、中，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时。Hardly had the speaker finished his speech when the audience kept asking him questions.演讲者一结束他的讲话，观众就不停地向他提问。规则 It/That/This was the first/second.timethat从句，that从句的谓语动词要用过去完成时。That was the first time that I had passed the exam.那是我第一次考试及格。规则 It was/had been一段时间since从句，since从句的谓语动词用过去完

13、成时。It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.我们有10年没那么高兴过了。九、将来完成时规则主要表示某一动作到将来某个时间完成，上下文情景中常含有by短语，如by six oclock，by the weekend，by the end of next month等。By the time you get home I will have cleaned the house from top to bottom.你到家时我将已把房子彻底打扫一遍了。十、现在完成进行时规则现在完成进行时强调过去发生的动作或存在的状态一直延续到

14、现在或离现在不远的时间，并且还在进行。Where have you been? We have been looking for you everywhere.你刚才去哪里了？我们一直在到处找你。I have been ringing you several times in two days.这两天内我给你打过几次电话。第二部分 动词的语态一、被动语态的构成规则被动语态的构成为“be及物动词的过去分词”。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。现以动词do为例列表如下：时体现在过去将来过去将来一般is/am/are donewas/were donewill

15、/shall be donewould/should be done进行is/am/are being donewas/were being done完成have/has been donehad been donewill/shall have been donewould/should have been doneSome new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。Enough has been done for you，but youve made little progress.为你做了很多，然而你进步却很小。This progr

16、amme has been broadcast by the local radio station many times.这个节目被当地电台播放了多次。规则“get过去分词”表示被动She got paid before she went on a holiday.她在休假前领到了工资。二、含有情态动词的谓语变化为被动语态时其结构为：情态动词（can，may，must，have to等）be动词的ed形式。He must be prevented from going.必须阻止他去。三、主动表示被动的用法规则“系动词look，sound，feel，smell，taste，seem，go，pr

17、ove，turn，become，get，keep形容词/名词”构成系表结构。This shirt feels much softer than that one.这件衬衫摸起来比那件衬衫柔软得多。规则表示主语的某种属性特征的不及物动词，如read，write，sell，wash，clean，wear，open，cook，lock，shut等，可用主动形式表示被动含义。The door wont open，so we will ask a repairman to open it.这门打不开，所以我们请修理工打开它。规则动词want，need，require，deserve后接不定式的被动形式或

18、动名词的主动形式意义相同。I had my mobile phone repaired two days ago，but it needs repairing/to be repaired again now.我两天前修理了我的手机，但现在还需要再修理。【真题感悟】1. （2017全国卷I）语法填空When fat and salt 64 （remove） from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. 【答案】are removed【解析】考查被动语态。句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉 分析可知fat，salt和move之间是被动

19、关系，脂肪和盐分是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填are removed。2. （2017全国卷）语法填空But at the moment, school 69 （come） first. 【答案】 comes【解析】此题考查动词的时态。根据全文的时态所知，这里要用一般现在时。时态的考查主要是根据全文来考查的，做题时一定要根据全文或者上下句来考虑。3.（2017浙江卷）语法填空Pahlsson and her husband 62 （search） the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing.【答案】 searched【

20、解析】考查动词时态。根据“butturnedupnothing”，可知句子为过去时，“Pahlssonandherhusband62（search）thekitchen”故填searched。4. （2017天津卷）8. I _down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.A. was driving B. have driven C. would drive D. drove【答案】A【解析】试题分析：我正开车去伦敦这时我突然发现我走错路了。根据固定句型：was/ were doing sth + when

21、 （suddenly） did . 句意：正在做某事，就在这时（那时）突然，根据句意，故选A。考点：考查动词时态。【名师点睛】这时考查与时态有关的固定句型。：was/ were doing sth + when （suddenly） did . 这时一个常用固定句型，是学生必须掌握的重点句型之一，词句型还有另外两种结构：was / were about to do + when did ; had done + when + did 。 在这三个句型中，when引导的并列句，意为：就在这时（那时）突然.。5. （2017江苏卷）27. He hurried home, never once l

22、ooking back to see if he _.A. was being followed B. was following C. had been followed D. followed考查动词的时态和语态。He和follow是动宾关系，即他被别人跟踪，排除B，D；根据句意“在匆忙赶回家的路上，他从未回头看是否被跟踪”，用过去进行时最合适，故选A。时态和语态6. （2017江苏卷）31.Hes been informed that he _ for the scholarship because of his academic background.A. hasnt qualifie

23、d B. hadnt qualified C. doesnt qualify D. wasnt qualifying 【答案】C考查动词的时态。他已经被告知由于教育背景的原因而没有资格获得奖学金qualify for sth达标，获得参赛资格。由于条件不满足而没有资格做某事，是客观事实，故选C。考查动词的时态7. （2017北京卷）29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _ yet. A. havent invented B. havent been i

24、nvented C. hadnt invented D. hadnt been invented【答案】D在美国20世纪50年代的时候，大多数的家庭家里只有一部电话，并且无线电话还根本没有发明出来。根据句意可知用被动语态，排除AC，事情发生在过去，与现在无关，不用现在完成时，排除B，故选D，过去完成时的被动语态。考查时态语态。8. （2017北京卷）24. _ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?Yes. They are happy with it.A. Did you call B. Have you ca

25、lledC. Will you call D. Were you calling-你昨天有没有给那家公司打电话问问他们对我们的产品感觉怎么样？-打了，他们此刻正用得很开心。空格所在题干有一个很明显的时间状语yesterday，发生在过去，肯定用过去式，故选A。考查时态。9（2016全国卷，62）Trulyelegantchopsticksmight_（make）ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.【答案】bemade【解析】句意：真正考究的筷子可能是由具有中国特色的金或银制成的。make和chopsticks之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，空格前有might

26、，所以用bemade。10.（2016四川，61）Thegiantpanda_（love）bypeoplethroughouttheworld.【答案】isloved大熊猫被全世界人民所喜爱。主语thegiantpanda和动词love构成被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态。11. （2016四川，69）Then，aftertwoandahalfyears，themother_（drive）theyoungpandaaway.【答案】drove然后，两年半之后这位母亲赶走了熊猫宝宝。根据句意可知，此处应用一般过去时。12（2016浙江，5）Whileonlineshopping_（chang

27、e）ourlife，notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.【答案】haschanged尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是并不是所有的影响都是积极的。主语是onlineshopping，结合语境以及后面的havebeen可知，这里要用现在完成时。13（2016浙江，9）Silk_（become）oneoftheprimarygoodstradedalongtheSilkRoadbyabout100BC.【答案】hadbecome到公元前100年为止，丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上交易的主要商品之一。byabout100BC是时间状语，这里强调到公元前100年为止，所以

28、要用过去完成时。14.（2015江苏，30）Therealreasonwhyprices（be）,andstillare,toohighiscomplex,andnoshortdiscussioncansatisfactorilyexplainthisproblem.解析句意：价格过去和现在仍然过高的原因是复杂的，没有简短的讨论可以令人满意地解释这个问题。根据andstillare可以推断出空白处是对过去时态的考查。答案were15.（2015湖南，22）Asyougothroughthisbook,you（find）thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarha