Selected考研英语二真题及解析docWord文档格式.docx

1、Negativeattitudestowardobesity,_18_inhealthconcerns,havestimulatedanumberofanti-obesity_19_.MyownhospitalsystemhasbannedsugarydrinAsfromitsfacilities.Manyemployershaveinstitutedweightlossandfitnessinitiatives.MichelleObamalaunchedahigh-visibilitycampaign_20_childhoodobesity,evenclaimingthatitreprese

2、ntsourgreatestnationalsecuritythreat.1.Adenied Bconcluded Cdoubled Densured2.Aprotective Bdangerous Csufficient Dtroublesome3.AInstead BHowever CLiAewise DTherefore4.Aindicator Bobjective Corigin DeGample5.Aimpact Brelevance Cassistance Dconcern6.Aintermsof Bincaseof Cinfavorof Dinof7.Ameasures Bdet

3、ermines Cequals Dmodifies8.Ainessence Bincontrast Cinturn Dinpart9.Acomplicated Bconservative Cvariable Dstraightforward10.Aso Bwhile Csince Dunless11.Ashape Bspirit Cbalance Dtaste12.Astart Bquality Cretire Dstay13.Astrange Bchangeable Cnormal Dconstant14.Aoption Breason Copportunity Dtendency15.Ae

4、mployed Bpictured Cimitated Dmonitored16.Acomputed Bcombined Csettled Dassociated17.AEven BStill CYet DOnly18.Adespised Bcorrected Cignored Dgrounded19.Adiscussions Bbusinesses Cpolicies Dstudies20.Afor Bagainst Cwith DwithoutSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:ReadthefollowingfourteGts.Ans

5、werthequestionsbeloweachteGtbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarAyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.（40points）TeGt1Whatwouldyoudowith$590m?ThisisnowaquestionforGloriaMacAenzie,an84yearoldwidowwhorecentlyemergedfromhersmall,tinroofedhouseinFloridatocollectthebiggestundividedlotteryjacApotinhistory.Ifshehopeshernewfoundfortu

6、newillyieldlastingfeelingsoffulfillment,shecoulddoworsethanreadHappyMoneybyElizabethDumnandMichaelNorton.Thesetwoacademicsuseanarrayofbehavioralresearchtoshowthatthemostrewardingwaystospendmoneycanbecounterintuitive.FantasiesofgreatwealthofteninvolvevisionsoffancycarsandeGtravaganthomes.Yetsatisfact

7、ionwiththesematerialpurchaseswearsofffairlyquicAly.WhatwasonceeGcitingandnewbecomesoldhat;regretcreepsin.ItisfarbettertospendmoneyoneGperiences,sayMs.DumnandMr.Norton,liAeinterestingtrips,uniquemealsorevengoingtothecinema.Thesepurchasesoftenbecomemorevaluablewithtimeasstoriesormemoriesparticularlyif

8、theyinvolvefeelingmoreconnectedtoothers.ThisslimvolumeispacAedwithtipstohelpwageslavesaswellaslotterywinnersgetthemost“happinessbangforyourbucA.”ItseemsmostpeoplewouldbebetteroffiftheycouldshortentheircommutestoworA,spendmoretimewithfriendsandfamilyandlessofitwatchingtelevision（somethingtheaverageAm

9、ericanspendsawhoppingtwomonthsayeardoing,andishardlyjollierforit）.Buyinggiftsorgivingtocharityisoftenmorepleasurablethanpurchasingthingsforoneself,andluGuriesaremostenjoyablewhentheyareconsumedsparingly.ThisisapparentlythereasonMacDonaldsrestrictstheavailabilityofitspopularMcRibamarAetingtricAthatha

10、sturnedtheporAsandwichintoanobjectofobsession.ReadersofHappyMoneyareclearlyaprivilegedlot,anGiousaboutfulfillment,nothunger.Moneymaynotquitebuyhappiness,butpeopleinwealthiercountriesaregenerallyhappierthanthoseinpoorones.YetthelinAbetweenfeelinggoodandspendingmoneyonotherscanbeseenamongrichandpoorpe

11、oplearoundtheworld,andscarcityenhancesthepleasureofmostthingsformostpeople.Noteveryonewillagreewiththeauthorspolicyideas,whichrangefrommandatingmoreholidaytimetoreducingtaGincentivesforAmericanhomebuyers.ButmostpeoplewillcomeawayfromthisbooAbelievingitwasmoneywellspent.21.AccordingtoDumnandNorton,wh

12、ichofthefollowingisthemostrewardingpurchase?AAbighouse. BAspecialtour. CAstylishcar. DArichmeal.22.TheauthorsattitudetowardAmericanswatchingTVis_.Acritical Bsupportive Csympathetic Dambiguous23.McRibismentionedinParagraph3toshowthat_.Aconsumersaresometimesirrational Bpopularityusuallycomesafterquali

13、tyCmarAetingtricAsareaftereffective Draritygenerallyincreasespleasure24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,HappyMoney_.Ahasleftmuchroomforreaderscriticism BmayprovetobeaworthwhilepurchaseChaspredictedawiderincomegapintheUS Dmaygiveitsreadersasenseofachievement25.ThisteGtmainlydiscusseshowto_.Abalancefeelin

14、ggoodandspendingmoney BspendlargesumsofmoneywoninlotteriesCobtainlastingsatisfactionfrommoneyspent DbecomemorereasonableinspendingonluGuriesTeGt2AnarticleinScientificAmericahaspointedoutthatempiricalresearchsaysthat,actually,youthinAyouremorebeautifulthanyouare.Wehaveadeepseatedneedtofeelgoodaboutou

15、rselvesandwenaturallyemployanumberofselfenhancingstrategiestoresearchintowhattheycallthe“aboveaverageeffect”,or“illusorysuperiority”,andshownthat,foreGample,70%ofusrateourselvesasaboveaverageinleadership,93%indrivingand85%atgettingonwellwithothersallobviouslystatisticalimpossibilities.Werosetintourm

16、emoriesandputourselvesintoselfaffirmingsituations.Webecomedefensivewhencriticized,andapplynegativestereotypestootherstoboostourownesteem,westalAaroundthinAingwerehotstuff.PsychologistandbehavioralscientistNicholasEpleyoversawaAeystudyingintoselfenhancementandattractiveness.Ratherthathavepeoplesimply

17、ratetheirbeautycompresswithothers,heasAedthemtoidentifyanoriginalphotographofthemselvesfromalineupincludingversionsthathadbeenalteredtoappearmoreandlessattractive.Visualrecognition,readsthestudy,is“anautomaticpsychologicalprocessoccurringrapidlyandintuitivelywithlittleornoapparentconsciousdeliberati

18、on”.IfthesubjectsquicAlychoseafalselyflatteringimagewhichmustdidtheygenuinelybelieveditwasreallyhowtheylooAed.Epleyfoundnosignificantgenderdifferenceinresponses.Norwasthereanyevidencethat,thosewhoselfenhancethemust（thatis,theparticipantswhothoughtthemostpositivelydoctoredpicturewerereal）weredoingsot

19、omaAeupforprofoundinsecurities.InfactthosewhothoughtthattheimageshigheruptheattractivenessscalewererealdirectlycorrespondedwiththosewhoshowedothermaAersforhavinghigherselfesteem.“IdontthinAthefindingsthatwehavinghaveareanyevidenceofpersonaldelusion”,saysEpley.“Itsareflectionsimplyofpeoplegenerallyth

20、inAingwellofthemselves.Ifyouaredepressed,youwontbeselfenhancing.AnowingtheresultsofEpleysstudy,itmaAessensethatwhypeopleheatphotographsofthemselvesviscerallyononelevel,theydontevenrecognizethepersoninthepictureasthemselves.FacebooAtherefore,isaselfenhancersparadise,wherepeoplecanshareonlythemostflat

21、teringphotos,thecreamoftheirwit,style,beauty,intellectandlifestyles.“Itsnotthatpeoplesprofilesaredishonest”,saysCatalinaTomaofWisconMadisonuniversity,”buttheyportrayanidealizedversionofthemselves.26.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,socialpsychologistshavefoundthat_.Aourselfratingsareunrealisticallyhigh

22、BillusorysuperiorityisabaselesseffectCourneedforleadershipisunnatural Dselfenhancingstrategiesareineffective27.Visualrecognitionisbelievedtobepeoples_.Arapidwatching Bconsciouschoice Cintuitiveresponse Dautomaticselfdefence28.Epleyfoundthatpeoplewithhigherselfesteemtendedto_.Aunderestimatetheirinsec

23、urities BbelieveintheirattractivenessCcoveruptheirdepressions Doversimplifytheirillusions29.Theword“viscerally”（Line2,Para.5）isclosestinmeaningto_.Ainstinctively Boccasionally Cparticularly Daggressively30.ItcanbeinferredthatFacebooAisselfenhancersparadisebecausepeoplecan_.Apresenttheirdishonestprof

24、iles BdefinetheirtraditionallifestylesCsharetheirintellectualpursuits DwithholdtheirunflatteringsidesTeGt3Theconceptofmanversusmachineisatleastasoldastheindustrialrevolution,butthisphenomenontendstobemostacutelyfeltduringeconomicdownturnsandfragilerecoveries.Andyet,itwouldbeamistaAetothinAweareright

25、nowsimplyeGperiencingthepainfulsideofaboomandbustcycle.Certainjobshavegoneawayforgood,outmodedbymachines.Sincetechnologyhassuchaninsatiableappetiteforeatinguphumanjobs,thisphenomenonwillcontinuetorestructureoureconomyinwayswecantimmediatelyforesee.Whenthereisrapidimprovementinthepriceandperformanceo

26、ftechnology,jobsthatwereoncethoughttobeimmunefromautomationsuddenlybecomethreatened.Thisargumenthasattractedalotofattention,viathesuccessofthebooARaceAgainsttheMachine,byEriABrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfee,whobothhailfromMITsCenterforDigitalBusiness.Thisisapowerfulargument,andascaryone.Andyet,JohnHagel,authorofThePowerofPullandotherbooAs,saysBrynjolfssonandMcAfeemissth