高考英语试题分类解析考点2 阅读填句文档格式.docx

1、A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of e

2、ach word spell it out.F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,论述了密码的种类及对信息安全的重要性。36.【解析】选D。前句说人类使用密码的历史很长,后句说密码破译从未落后于密码编制,根据逻辑关系可知选择D项,即“只要有密码存在,人

3、们就一直试图破译密码”。37.【解析】选E。前句说密码学有三种主要形式,后句举例说明密码学的形式,这种形式即密码是由首字母组成的,故选择E项。38.【解析】选G。本段说明密码学的第二种形式,由后面的叙述可知,这种形式用一个字（数字）代替另一个字（字母）,故选择G项。由叙述顺序也可知道G项中的Another way是一种提示。39.【解析】选F。前句说要想读懂密码信息必须有密码本,根据逻辑关系,下句应该说“有了密码本,你就可以写下那些代表其他字的字”,故选择F项。40.【解析】选A。前面举例说明了第三种密码学的形式,并且知道有了密码本就很容易读出信息,根据逻辑关系可知,下句应该说明“没有密码本很

4、难破译密码”,故选择A项。此外,下句However, it is also hard to.也是一种提示。全国卷）园艺词数:285W难度:A garden thats just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum（总和）of its parts?36.But it doesnt happen by accident. It starts w

5、ith looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.37Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require

6、less water and fewer fertilizers（肥料）.38.However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.Recall（回忆）your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandmas rose garden and Dads

7、vegetable garden might be good or bad, but thats not whats important.39how being in those gardens made us feel. If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.40.Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood mem

8、ories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.A.Know why you gardenB.Find a good place for your own gardenC.Its our experience of the garden that mattersD.Its delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE.Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF.You can produce that kind of magic

9、al quality in your own garden, tooG.For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have36.【解析】选F。空前面一句提到一个花园,所以此处指你也能有前面提到的那样的花园。故选F。37.【解析】选A。下面解释了人们从事园艺的各种原因,所以小标题应该是:知道你为什么从事园艺。38.【解析】选E。空前后都提到了人们从事园艺的各种原因,所以此处也是原因之一。39.【解析】选C。空前面一句提到祖母的玫瑰园和父亲的菜园或好或坏,但那不重要,所以此处指重要的是我们在花园里的感受。40.【解

10、析】选G。根据空前面的recall和空后面的translate可知,此处指把记忆写下来。故选G。全国卷）如何买鱼和蒸鱼词数:254W难度:Everyone knows that fish is good for health.16But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buyin

11、g, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult.17This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.18Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh.19When you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd be

12、tter store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish.20First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices（调料）.Put

13、 the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.（A larger one will take more time.）Then, its ready to serve.A.Do not buy it.B.The easiest is to steam it.C.This is how you can do it.D.It just requires a little knowledge.E.The fish will go bad wi

14、thin hours.F.When buying fish,you should first smell it.G.The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.16.【解析】选G。前面一句提到鱼对健康有益,所以此处具体说明鱼的好处。17.【解析】选D。上一句提到买鱼、贮藏鱼和烹饪鱼并不难,承接上句,此处指只是需要一些这方面的知识。18.【解析】选F。后面提到买鱼的常识,且提到smell sweet,和F选项中的smell it吻合。19.【解析】选E。后面一句提到买了新鲜的鱼带回家后,如果不马上吃,最好放到冰箱里。所以此

15、处应提到这样做的原因,鱼在几小时内就会变质。20.【解析】选B。后面提到了蒸鱼的具体方法,所以此处应是总结性的语言,表示最简单的方法是蒸鱼。四川卷）健康词数:198W难度:Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries.36In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.One important biological factor

16、that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women.37Between the ages of about 12 and 50,women produce hormones that are involved in fertility（生育能力）.These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood

17、 pressure or to die from heart attacks.38They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally get sick less often and less seriously than men. The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men.39Scientists are still not exact

18、ly sure how genes influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a womans body cells have a tendency（倾向）to age more slowly than a mans. Others think that a mans body cells have a tendency to age more quickly.40A.However, women, on average, live longer.B.The biological factor plays a

19、n important part.C.Women are also helped by their female genes.D.The female hormones also protect the body in another way.E.Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.F.Therefore,women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.G.Hormones are chemicals which are produced

20、by the body to control various body functions.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,文章探究了女性比男性活得更长的原因。36.【解析】选A。考查上下文逻辑关系。前句谈到如今的男性和女性都活得更长,而后句谈到女性会比男性多活6至7年,由此可知,此空与前句为转折关系,应该谈及女性比男性活得更长。37.【解析】选G。前句谈到女性活得更长的一个生物因素是男女之间荷尔蒙的差异,而后句都是有关荷尔蒙的情况,由此可知,空白处应解释荷尔蒙这一名词。38.【解析】选D。考查段落主旨。第二段谈到荷尔蒙使女性较少患高血压和心脏病,这是荷尔蒙保护女性的一种方式,而本段谈到荷尔蒙保

21、护女性身体免于某些感染,由此可知,这是荷尔蒙保护女性的另一种方式。后句谈到科学家还不太确信基因是如何影响衰老的,此处关键词为基因,七个选项中只有C项有基因一词。40.【解析】选E。前面谈到两种观点,即有些科学家认为女性细胞比男性细胞衰老得更慢,而其他科学家认为男性细胞衰老得更快,这里提出了两种可能性,故选E项“最近的调查看来支持这两种可能性”。此处关键词为both。北京卷）科学研究词数:294W难度:The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it becaus

22、e when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking.71Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers

23、were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring.72As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why arent we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could ge

24、t one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it.73No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your wil

25、lingness to take risks increases during your teenage years.74To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.75For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure b

26、ecomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, well continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A.It all depends on your character.B.Those are the risks you should jump

27、to take.C.Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.D.Thus,these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.E.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F.However,we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risk

28、s and rewards.G.New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.【文章大意】本文是一篇论说文,文章论述了冒险和回报的关系:冒险行为与大脑的工作机制有关,当大脑的快乐中枢被激活时,人们就会采取冒险行为。71.【解析】选F。考查逻辑关系。前句提到了weigh the risk and the reward,F项表示“然而,并不是所有的人都使用相同的标准来权衡风险和回报”,符合上下文逻辑,故选择F项。72.【解析】选C。前句说明hunting,fighting,or exploring是早期人类生存的必要条件,C项中的those正是指代这些活动。73.【解析】选A。考查逻辑关系