修锐题目翻译ISSUE修改版.docx

1、修锐题目翻译ISSUE修改版The Pool of Issue Topics科技发展对人类影响：114. Humanity has made little real progress over the past century or so. Technological innovations have taken place, but the overall condition of humanity is no better. War, violence, and poverty are still with us. Technology cannot change the conditio

2、n of humanity. 人文学科在过去的一百年左右止步不前。技术在不断进步而人文学科的整体条件却没有改善。战争、暴力和贫困仍然困扰着我们。技术无法改变人文学科的处境。 - 196. Technology creates more problems than it solves, and may threaten or damage the quality of life. 技术解决了问题，但是带来了更多的问题，并且可能会威胁或损害生活质量。 - 151. High-speed electronic communications media, such as electronic mail

3、 and television, tend to prevent meaningful and thoughtful communication. 高速电子通讯媒体，例如电子邮件和电视，在逐渐地抑制有意义的和有思想性的交流。 技术进步对人类社会的影响之交流 meaningful thoughtful - One of the most harmful technological innovations of all time is the automobile.最有害的科技发明之一就是汽车。- 66. As people rely more and more on technology to

4、solve problems, the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate. 当人们变得越来越依赖技术解决问题的时候，人类独立思考的能力将肯定会江河日下。 技术进步之人和技术 - 219. Now that computer technology has made possible the rapid accessing of large amounts of factual information, people are less likely than ever to think deeply

5、or originally. They feel unable to compete with_much less contribute to_the quantity of information that is now available electronically. 既然电脑技术已经使人们及时接触大量真实信息成为可能，那么人们就不太可能像以前那样去深刻地或者创造性地思考了。对于通过电子手段获得的信息量，人们已经感觉跟不上了，并且个人的作用已经减弱了。 全球化之信息 - 现代生活（负面）：间接/直接经验（获取知识的途径选择）：文学艺术：艺术+科技：艺术+评论：历史：竞争/合作对立面：个人

6、/群体（个性/共性）：法律：政治（Leadership）：政府行为：国家/社会：人与社会：传媒：主/客观：现实/理想化：学术研究：教育： 其他：58. The increasingly rapid pace of life today causes more problems than it solves. 现代生活越来越快的节奏弊多利少。 - Too much time, money, and energy are spent developing new and more elaborate technology. Society should instead of focus on ma

7、ximizing the use of existing technology for the immediate benefit of its citizens.太多的时间，金钱，精力都放在了发展科技上面。为了任命当前的利益和幸福，社会应该致力于尽量减少对科技的运用。- 1. We can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from people whose views contradict our own; disagreement can cause stress and inhibit learn

8、ing. 通常，我们从与我们意见相同的人身上学到的要比从那些与我们意见相悖的人身上学的东西要多得多；（因为）意见不统一会带来压力并且阻碍学习。 （与我们）持相同意见者和持不同意见者对学习的作用- 2. Competition is ultimately more beneficial than detrimental to society. 归根结底，竞争对于社会是利多弊少。竞争对于社会的优点和缺点- 3. It is more important to allocate money for immediate, existing social problems than to spend i

9、t on long-term research that might help future generations. 与其花钱进行可能有助于后代的长期性研究，还不如把钱花在迫在眉睫，已经存在的社会问题上。 当务之急和百年大计的关系- 4. No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience to that field of study. 在任何一个研究领域当中，除非有该领域之外的人引进他们的知识和经验，否则该领域就很难获得巨大的发展。 Outside

10、r: a person does not belong to a particular group 闭门造车，旁观者清 - 5. A nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer. 一个国家应该要求所有的学生在进入大学之前都学习由国家

11、统一制定的课程，而不是允许由国家不同地区的学校去决定课程的安排。 国家统一和地区单独安排课程 - 6. The most effective way to understand contemporary culture is to analyze the trends of its youth. 了解当代文明最有效的途径就是去分析当代年轻人的潮流。 文明潮流和年轻人潮流的关系。 - 7. The video camera provides such an accurate and convincing record of contemporary life that it has become

12、 a more important form of documentation than written records. 摄像机可以通过如此精确而有力的记录手段来再现当代生活，因此它已经代替书面记录成为了一种更重要的记录手段。 记录手段：现代摄像机和印刷术 - 8. It is often necessary, even desirable, for political leaders to withhold information from the public. 对于政治领导者来说，向人民大众隐瞒信息通常是必要的，甚至有益的。 少数和多数的关系之true lies, the truth

13、is out there. - 9. Academic disciplines have become so specialized in recent years that scholars ideas reach only a narrow audience. Until scholars can reach a wider audience, their ideas will have little use. 近些年来，学科已经细化到了相当的程度以至于学者们的理念只影响小范围的人群。除非学者们能拥有影响等大范围的人群，否则他们的理念将几乎毫无用处。 过分专业化问题 overspecial

14、ization - 10. Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive, because it is primarily in cities that a nations cultural traditions are preserved and generated. 政府必须要确保主要城市发展所需的财政支持，因为一个国家的文化传统主要是在城市中得以保存和发展。 城市和国家的关系之文化传统 11. All nations sh

15、ould help support the development of a global university designed to engage students in the process of solving the worlds most persistent social problems. 所有的国家都应该支持发展一所全球性的大学，它的主要目的是要让学生们致力于解决世界上最难缠的社会问题。 全球化问题之全球解难大学 - 12. Peoples attitudes are determined more by their immediate situation or surro

16、undings than by any internal characteristic. 人们的态度更多的是由临时的情况或者环境所决定，而非人们自身的特点。 心理问题之冲动和可预测 - 13. Many of the worlds lesser-known languages are being lost as fewer and fewer people speak them. The governments of countries in which these languages are spoken should act to prevent such languages from b

17、ecoming extinct. 世界上很多的小语种都快要消失了，因为越来越少的人在使用这些语言。使用这些小语种的国家应该采取行动以防止这样的语言逐渐销声匿迹。 反全球化问题之小语种与政府保护 - 14. It is necessary for everyone to read poetry, novels, mythology and other types of imaginative literature. 每个人都应该阅读诗歌、小说、神话以及各种各样的想象文学。 想象文学与人 - 15. The stability of a society depends on how it resp

18、onds to the extremes of human behavior. 一个社会的稳定取决于该社会对人们极端行为所作出的反应。 抽象型题目 - 16. Although many people think that the luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life are entirely harmless, in fact, they actually prevent people from developing into truly strong and independent individuals. 尽管许多人认为现代生活的奢

19、华和便利是丝毫没有坏处的，但是这实际上让人们无法成为真正强大和独立的个体。 社会和个人之发展问题 - 17. There are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and, even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws. 有两种法律：公正的和不公正的。每个社会成员都有责任遵守公正的法律，但是更重要的是，更应该不遵守和反抗不公正的法律。 社会和个人之法律公

20、正么？ - 18. Only by being forced to defend an idea against the doubts and contrasting views of others does one really discover the value of that idea. 只有通过排除异议和对照其他的观点来捍卫一个理念，人们才能真正的发现该理念的价值所在。 - 19. If a society is to thrive, it must put its own overall success before the well-being of its individual

21、 citizens. 如果一个社会要繁荣就必须将社会整体的成败置于单个社会成员的幸福之上。 少数和多数之成功 - 20. National governments should devote more of their social programs and services to children than to adults. 任何一个国家的政府都应该为孩子而不是为成人建设更多的社会项目和服务。 孩子和成人之社会建设 21. Reform is seldom brought about by people who are concerned with their own reputatio

22、n and social standing. Those who are really in earnest about reforming a government, an educational system, or any other institution must be willing to be viewed with disdain by the rest of the world. 改革几乎从来都不是由那些关心自己声誉和社会地位的人发起的。那些真正热衷于政府改革、教育改革和其他机构改革的人们一定都是甘于被他人轻视的。 沽名钓誉 distain: - 22. Many peopl

23、e believe that a few individuals or small groups (family, friends, teachers, celebrities, for example) have caused them to think and behave in the way they do. Yet it is always society as a whole that defines us and our attitudes, not a few individuals. 很多人认为只是一些个人或者小团体（比如家庭、朋友、老师、名人）促成了他们的思维和行动。其实一

24、直以来不是一些个人而是社会作为一个整体在定义我们和我们的态度。 少数和多数之定义人生 - 23. Contemporary technology makes available many small pieces of factual information. As a result, people have become so preoccupied with bits of fragmented information that they pay too little attention to the larger issues and overall perspectives. 现代技术

25、使获得大量细节信息成为可能。其结果是人们全神贯注于七零八碎的信息而很少去注意更大的问题和全局。 少数和多数之细节信息 - 24. People in positions of power are most effective when they exercise caution and restraint in the use of that power. 当掌握权力的人们试图小心而节制的使用权力时，他们是最有效率的。 过犹不及 - 25. Anyone can make things bigger and more complex. What requires real effort and

26、 courage is to move in the opposite directionin other words, to make things as simple as possible. 任何人都可以把事情简单复杂化，但是需要真正努力和勇气的恰恰相反，也就是说应该把事情变得尽可能的简单。 复杂和简单 - 26. Most people would agree that buildings represent a valuable record of any societys past, but controversy arises when old buildings stand o

27、n ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes. In such situations, modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings so that contemporary needs can be served. 大多数人都同意一个社会的建筑物代表了它有价值的历史纪录，但是当现代规划者们觉得这些以前的建筑物所占据的土地可以被更有价值的使用于新目的时，就产生了争议，现代发展应该比保留历史建筑物更受重视以便于满足眼下的需求。 过去和现在之建筑物 - 27. No one can possibly achieve success in the world by conforming to conventional practices and conventional ways of thinking. 这个世界上没有人能够靠墨守陈规（行动或者思维上的）而获得成功。 新手和老手之墨守成规和成功 - 28. Stu