UT探伤通用规程1Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、本规范覆盖检验区域。This specification is the inspection procedures and acceptance criteria of casting. Inspection1/14areas are covered by this specification.2.0 参考规范/referenceGB9445-99：中国机械工程无损检测学会无损检测人员资格及鉴定/non-destructive testinginstitution of the Chinese mechanical engineering society qualification and c

2、ertification of NDT personnelEN473 ： NDT 无损探伤试验人员的资格和资格证-总则/ qualification and certification ofNDT personnelgeneral principles.SNT-TC-1A：无损探伤人员资质/ qualification and certification of NDT personnel EN12680-3：铸造-超声探伤-第 3 部分:球墨铸铁/Founding-Ultrasonic examination -part 3: Spherical graphite cast iron cast

3、ings.ISO 8501-1：表面粗糙度/visual assessment of surface cleanliness993062：超声波设备的校准/Ultrasonic equipment calibration and verificationEN126681：无损检测超声设备的特点和验证第1部分：仪表。EN 12668-1：Non-destructive testing - Characterization and verification of ultrasonicexamination equipment - Part 1: instruments.EN126683：无损检测超

4、声设备的特点和验证第3部分：设备组合。EN 12668-3：examination equipment - Part 3: Combined equipment.EN12223：无损检测超声检测校准试块No.1的规范。EN 12223：None destructive testing Ultrasonic examination - Specification ofcalibration block no.1.NDT 人员至少应获得一个下述标准证书的认证：NDT-Personnel must be qualified to one of the following certification

5、standards:中国机械工程无损检测学会无损检测人员资格及鉴定/nondestructive testing NDT 无损探伤试验人员的资格和资格证-总则/ qualification and certificationof NDT personnelgeneral principles.无损探伤人员资质/ qualification and certification of NDT personnel根据 EN 473 或 ASNT SNT-TC-1A 的规定，所有无损试验的检验员，都要经过培训达到 2 级的资质 水平。他们若不够 2 级水平，则应在 2 级甚至 3 级资质水平的人员指导

6、下工作。供货方的 3 级人员， 应定期培训自己的 NDT 工作人员。All NDT inspectors must be trained and certified lever 2 inspectors according to EN 473 or ASNT SNT-TC -1A or they should perform the test under direct supervision of a lever 2 or lever 3（according to one of the earlier mentioned standards）inspector. The lever 3 ins

7、pector of supplier should do periodic training for their inspectors.4 超声波检测/Ultrasonic testing2/1414.1 表面条件/surface conditioning在零件作超声波检查以前，表面要达到 ISO 8501-1 规定的表面质量 Sa2.5 级。Prior to UT the surface quality of the component must reach Sa 2 /2 in accordance with ISO 8501-1.未经机加工的粗糙表面应根据所需的检查要求进行打磨。Roug

8、h surfaces on un-machined items shall be ground to the extent necessary for performing the examination.所有的待检表面应无溶渣、剥落、灰尘和其它可能妨碍检查的杂质。All surfaces to be inspected shall be free of dross, scale, dirt and other foreign matter that may interfere with the inspection.4.2 检查范围/Extent of examination应根据所述的零部

9、件适用质量规范进行超声波探测评估。Ultrasonic testing shall be evaluated in the zones as stated in applicable quality specification for the specific component.4.3 设备和耦合介质灵敏度/Equipment and coupling medium4.3.1 超声波探伤仪 Ultrasonic instrument超声波探伤仪须符合 EN 12668-1 中规定的要求（本厂使用 EPOCH 4 和 EPOCH LT），须具有以 下特点:The uultrasonic ins

10、trument shall meet the requirements given in EN12668-1（Theinstrument EPOCH 4 and EPOCH LT shall be used in my factory）and shall have the following character:-量程设定，设定范围需至少为 10mm2m，需能够连续选择，需适合于钢中传播的纵波和 横波；-range setting, from at least 10mm to 2m continuously selectable, for longitudinal and transverse

11、;-增益，须能够在一个至少为 80dB 的范围内进行调节，调节的最大差级为 2dB，测量精度 为 1 dB；-gain, adjustable in 2dB maximum steps over a range of at least 80dB with measuring accuracy of 1dB;-时基和垂直线性度须小于显示屏幕调节范围的 5%,水平线性小于 1%;-time-base and vertical linearities less than 5% of the adjustment range of the screen, the horizontal linearit

12、y shall be better than 1%;4.3.2 探头和传感器的频率/Probes and transducer frequencies-采用单晶探头和双晶探头的脉冲回波技术中，其适用的频率为 2MHZ，-suitability for nominal frequencies 2 MHZ in pulse-echo technique with single-crystal and twin- crystal probes.-以下探头至少要有一个被使用: SEB2-0 （MSEB2）和 B2S（MB2S）或者有一个相同特性的探 头。探头 SEB2-0 （MSEB2）用于铸件壁厚

13、0200mm 处，探头 B2S（MB2S）用于铸件壁厚 200500mm 处。 首先使用 SEB2-0 和 B2S 探头检测, 当需要精确测量缺陷的边界时使3/14用 MSEB2-0 和 MB2S 探头。-Following probe head must have at least one to be used: SEB2-0 （ MSEB2） and B2S （ MB2S） or have a same characteristic probe head. The probes of SEB2-0 （MSEB2） are used for the casting thickness of

14、0200mm. The probes of B2S （ MB2S） are used for the casting thickness of 200500mm. First use the probe of SEB2-0 and B2S for inspection. If needs to identify the actual borderline of the defects, use the probes of MSEB2-0 and MB2S.-声束直径的补偿/ the compensation of diameter of sound beam为了判定一个缺陷的大小是“可测量”还

15、是“不可测量”，声束的直径可以进行补偿。补 偿可以通过计算（对在远场中的单晶探头），或根据平底孔的测量值（双晶探头）进行。 声束直径的补偿只能被用在不可测量缺陷的部分。-In order to determine the size of an indication is “measurable” or “not measurable”, the diameter of the sound beam may be compensated for. This may be done based on calculations （for single crystal probes in the fa

16、r field） or base on measurements of flat bottom holes （for dual twin crystal）.在表 1 中提到的标准值可供用。The values for standard probes mentioned in Table 1 may be used.声程（mm） Sound pathSEB2 声束直径（mm）Diameter of soundbeam for SEB2MSEB2 声束直径beam for MSEB2B2S 声束直径 Diameter ofsound beamfor B2S20155-20-6060-1202025

17、12表 1.标准探头的校正值/table 1 Correction values for standard probes4.3.3 耦合剂/ couplant使用超声波浆糊。Ultrasonic jelly shall be used.4.4 校准 /Calibration按照现行标准 993062 对超声波设备进行校准。Ultrasonic equipment calibration and verification must be carried out according to present 993062 standards.4.4.1标准参考/NORMATIVE REFERENCES

18、EN126683 无损检测超声设备的特点和验证第三部分：EN 12668-3 Non-destructive testing - Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment - Part 3:EN12223 无损检测超声检测校准试块No.1的规范。EN 12223 None destructive testing Ultrasonic examination - Specification of calibration block no.1.4.4.2设备/EQUIPMENT参考试块K1 DS/EN

19、 122234/14Reference block V1 DS/EN 12223 no. 2572参考试块K2 DS/EN 27963（可利用两个宽度12.5mm和20mm）Reference block V2 DS/EN 27963 no. 50434-22274 （it is available in two widths 12,5mm and 20mm）参考试块TIF（长横孔试块）Reference block TIF no. 0613164.4.3测试范围/ SCOPE OF THE TEST新的设备和探头组合最初使用时，必须对它作一个基本的测量，并且记录在登记簿上。Initially

20、 when a new combination of ultrasonic instrument and probe is taken into use, it is necessary to make a base measurement, which is registered in the registering scheme for base measurements.每一个测量点完成，记录好数值，对于剩余的测量点，做好任务标记。For test points where a value is achieved, note the value. For the rest of the

21、points, sign for performing the task.探头必须每工作日校验，对于测定信噪比和脉冲持续时间距离上一次使用每周一次已 是足够的。仪器常规每周校验一次，但是如果使用中对仪器有怀疑，必须立即校验。 The user test of probes must be performed daily. For establishing a signal to noise ratio and pulse duration a weekly test is sufficient and only for probes, which have been used since th

22、e last test. The test of the ultrasonic instrument is performed once a week. If the user has a suspicion that an error has occurred, the test must be performed immediately.4.4.4 直探头/NORMAL PROBES测试包括下面的4点：The test includes the following 4 points:测试周期 Period测试内容 Test每日 Daily（如果使用 if in use）物理状态和外形Det

23、ermination of physical state and externalaspects根据标准反射体的灵敏度Determination of sensitivity from standardreflector每周 Weekly信噪比Determination of signal to noise ratio脉冲持续时间Determination pulse duration4.4.4.1 物理状态和外形/Determination of physical state and external aspects目视检查探头和连接线是否有损坏或磨损；检查电路连接的稳定性；如果保护膜有损伤

24、 则要更换，晶片和保护膜间的油中不能有气隙，更换其中的油通常是必须的。 Visually inspect probe and cable for damage and wear. Check for instability of5/14electrical contact. Replace protection membrane if defect. The oil between crystal and membrane must be without air bobbles. It might be necessary to change the oil.4.4.4.2 用标准反射体测量灵

25、敏度/Determination of sensitivity from standard reflector用TIF试块上深度35mm处的3mm孔作为标准反射体，找出最大回波并调至80屏高，增 益设置为最低，记录此时的dB值并且对照初始记录值，如果偏差超过6dB，则要寻找纠 正原因或者更换探头。Use the echo from the 3mm hole in 35mm dept in the TIF-block as standard reflector. Maximize the echo and set it to 80% of the screen height. Gain is s

26、et to lowest value. Note the dB- value and compare it to the base measurement. With deviations more than 6 dB find the reason and correct it or replace the probe.4.4.4.3信噪比测量/Determination of signal to noise ratio1用 TIF 试块上（从端部）深度 35mm 处的 3mm 孔作为标准反射体，增益设置最低， 记录此时 dB 数值。1. The echo from the 3mm hole

27、 in 35mm dept in the TIF-block （from the end） is to be used as standard reflector. Gain is set to lowest value. Note the dB- value2从试块上拿下探头并擦干净耦合剂。2. Remove the probe from the block and clean it for couplant.3提高增益直至噪声信号达到与 35mm 反射体同样的高度，记录提高的数值，称为信 噪比。记录 dB 值并且对照初始测量值，如果偏差超过 6dB，寻找纠正原因或者更换探 头。3. Inc

28、rease the gain until the noise reaches the same level as the reference echo in 35mm distance. Note the increase, which is called signal to noise ratio. Note the dB- value and compare it to the base measurement. With deviations more than 3.4.4.4 脉冲持续时间的测量/Determination of pulse duration.1设置时基范围为50mm，

29、增益调至最低。1. Set the time base to 50 mm. Set Gain to lowest value.2找出V1试块上25mm厚处的第一次底波的最高反射，并调至80屏高。2. Set first bottom echo from the thickness 25 mm at the V1-block to 80% screen height.3读出10水平线处回波的宽度，按照钢中的声程读数（见图A、B）3. Read the breadth of the echo measured at the horizontal line in 10 % of the screen height. The reading is in mm steel （see figure. A、B）.例如：测量回波宽度（EB）/Example: Measuring echo breadth （EB）使用数字超声仪器，波宽可以用图A、图B所示的闸门来测量:A digital ultrasonic instrument is used the echo width can be measured by means of the gate as shown in figure