物流专业英语复习教材.docx

1、物流专业英语复习教材物流专业英语复习资料考试题型：一、选择填空（20 points）二、物流术语（20 points）三、阅读理解（30points，each 3 points）四、英译汉 （20points，each 4 points）五、汉译英（10 points，each 2points）物流专业英语考试备考1词汇1.1 基本概念术语 1 物品 article 2 物流 logistics 3 物流活动 logistics activity 4 物流作业 logistics operation 5 物流模数 logistics modulus 6 物流技术 logistics techn

2、ology 7 物流成本 logistics cost 8 物流管理 logistics management 9 物流中心 logistics center 10 物流网络 logistics network 11 物流信息 logistics information 12 物流企业 logistics enterprise 13 物流单证 logistics documents 14 物流联盟 logistics alliance 15 供应物流 supply logistics 16 生产物流 production logistics 17 销售物流 distribution logis

3、tics 18 回收物流 returned logistics 19 废弃物物流 waste material logistics 20 绿色物流 environmental logistics 21 企业物流 internal logistics 22 社会物流 external logistics 23 军事物流 military logistics 24 国际物流 international logistics 25 第三方物流 third-part logistics (TPL) 26 定制物流 customized logistics 27 虚拟物流 virtual logistic

4、s 28 增值物流服务 value-added logistics service 29 供应链 supply chain 30 条码 bar code 31 电子数据交换 electronic data interchange (EDI) 32 有形消耗 tangible loss 33 无形消耗 intangible loss 奖罚1.2 物流作业术语1 运输 transportation 2 联合运输 combined transport 3 直达运输 through transport 4 中转运输 transfer transport 5 甩挂运输 drop and pull tra

5、nsport 6 集装运输 containerized transport 7 集装箱运输 container transport 8 门到门 door-to-door 9 整箱货 full container load (FCL) 10 拼箱货 less than container load (LCL 11 储存 storing 12 保管 storage 13 物品储存 article reserves 14 库存 inventory 15 经常库存 cycle stock 16 安全库存 safety stick 17 库存周期 inventory cycle time 18 前置期（

6、或提前期） lead time 19 订货处理周期 order cycle time 20 货垛 goods stack 21 堆码 stacking 22 搬运 handing/carrying 23 装卸 loading and unloading 24 单元装卸 unit loading and unloading 25 包装 package/packaging 26 销售包装 sales package 27 定牌包装 packing of nominated brand 28 中性包装 neutral packing 29 运输包装 transport package 30 托盘包装

7、 palletizing 31 集装化 containerization 32 散装化 containerization 33 直接换装 cross docking 34 配送 distribution 35 共同配送 joint distribution 36 配送中心 distribution center 37 分拣 sorting 38 拣选 order picking 39 集货 goods collection 40 组配 assembly 41 流通加工 distribution processing 42 冷链 cold chain 43 检验 inspection 奖罚 1.

8、3 物流技术装备及设施术语1 仓库 warehouse 2 库房 storehouse 3 自动化仓库 automatic warehouse 4 4立体仓库 stereoscopic warehouse 5 虚拟仓库 virtual warehouse 6 保税仓库 boned warehouse 7 出口监管仓库 export supervised warehouse 8 海关监管货物 cargo under customers supervision 9 冷藏区 chill space 10 冷冻区 freeze space 11 控湿储存区 humidity controlled sp

9、ace 12 温度可控区 temperature controlled space 13 收货区 receiving space 14 发货区 shipping space 15 料棚 goods shed 16 货场 goods yard 17 货架 goods shelf 18 托盘 pallet 19 叉车 fork lift truck 20 输送机 conveyor 21 自动导引车 automatic guided vehicle (AGV) 22 箱式车 box car 23 集装箱 container 24 换算箱 twenty-feet equivalent unit (TE

10、U) 25 特种货物集装箱 specific cargo container 26 全集装箱船 full container ship 27 铁路集装箱场 railway container yard 28 公路集装箱中转站 inland container depot 29 集装箱货运站 container freight station (CFS) 30 集装箱码头 container terminal 31 国际铁路联运 international through railway transport 32 国际多式联运 international multimodal transport

11、 33 大陆桥运输 land bridge transport 34 班轮运输 liner transport 35 租船运输 shipping by chartering 36 船务代理 shipping agency 37 国际货运代理 international freight forwarding agent 38 理货 tally 39 国际货物运输保险 international transportation cargo insurance 40 报关 customs declaration 41 报关行 customs broker 42 进出口商品检验 commodity in

12、spection 奖罚1.4 物流管理术语1 物流战略 logistics strategy 2 物流战略管理 logistics strategy management 3 仓库管理 warehouse management 4 仓库布局 warehouse layout 5 库存控制 inventory control 6 经济订货批量 economic order quantity (EOQ) 7 定量订货方式 fixed-quantity system (FQS) 8 定期订货方式 fixed-quantity system (FIS) 9 ABC分类管理 ABC classifica

13、tion 10 电子订货系统 Electronic order system (EOS) 11 准时制 just in time (JIT) 12 准时制物流 just-in-time logistics 13 零库存技术 zero-inventory logistics 14 物流成本管理 logistics cost control 15 物料需要计划 material requirements planning (MRP) 16 制造资源计划 manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) 17 配送需要计划 distribution requireme

14、nts planning (DRP) 18 配送资源计划 distribution resource planning (DRP II) 19 物流资源计划 logistics resource planning (LRP) 20 企业资源计划 enterprise resource planning (ERP) 21 供应链管理 supply chain management (SCM) 22 快速反映 Quick response (QR) 23 有效客户反映 efficient customer response(ECR) 24 连续库存补充计划 continuous replenish

15、ment program (CRP) 25 计算机付诸订货系统 computer assisted ordering (CAO) 26 供应商管理库存 vendor managed inventory (VMI) 27 业务外包 outsourcing1.We can define warehousing as that part of a firms logistics system that stores products(raw materials, parts, goods-in-process, finished goods)at and between point of origi

16、n and point of consumption,and provides information to managementon the status,condition,and disposition of items being stored.1. 我们可把仓储定义为公司物流系统的不可分割的一部分, (2分)用以在原产地,消费地或二者之间储存原材料,部件,在制品,产成品(2分)并向管理部门提供有关所储存项目的现状与控制情况等信息. (2分)2. Participants in the channel gain competitive advantage through improvi

17、ng the overall channel efficiency by reducing risk and effectively leveraging the corporate resources of each channel member. 2. 这条链上的参与者通过以降低风险(2分)和链上每一位成员的共同资源的有力支持(2分)来改善整条链的效率从而获得具有竞争力的优势。(2分)3The flourishing economy in China and some other Asian countries and the expansion of the EU lead to the

18、 emergence of new markets and the growth of the global and European logistics sector3.中国和其他亚洲国家经济的繁荣以及欧盟的扩张促使了新市场的浮现以及欧洲和全球的物流部门的发展。4 Members of and integrated supply chain should collaborate to maximize vehicle load factors, minimize empty running ,achieve an optimal allocation of freight between m

19、odes, and standardize on handling systems that make effective use of vehicle and warehouse capacity.4. 一体化供应链上的成员应通过合作(2分)实现交通装载量的最大化、空载运行的最低化、各种运输方式之间搭配的最优化(2分)以及为了有效利用交通与仓储能力实现搬运系统的标准化。(2分)5.Pull scheduling：a system of controlling materials whereby the user signals to the maker or provider that mo

20、re material is neededMaterial is sent only in response to such a signal拉动计划：是一个当用户有更多物料需求的信号发出给制造商或供应商时对物料进行控制的系统， 物料只在响应这种信号时才被发送。6.A supply chain seeking to link manufacturers offering nationally branded consumer merchandise Into a supply chain arrangement with a large mass merchandiser that has s

21、ignificant consumer store loyalty can represent substantial power conflict如一个供应链试图把提供国产品牌消费品的制造商加入到一个已经包含许多忠诚零售商的大宗商品的供应链布局中去，这种联盟本身就体现了很大的权利冲突。7Logistics service is a balance of service priority and cost. 7.物流服务是服务优先与成本间的平衡。、8. The SCM program provides companies with the necessary knowledge and ski

22、lls needed to succeed in the logistics industry.8. 供应链管理为企业提供了在物流行业中成功的必要的知识和技术。9.With respect to supply chains，the Internet can facilitate efficiency and effectiveness by providing opportunities for supply chains to simultaneously improve customer service and reduce their logistics costs 9.对于供应链来说，

23、因特网可以通过在提高客户服务水平的同时减少他们的物流成本，从而为供应链的效率的改善提供一个机会。10.Over the past few decades，it has become increasingly apparent that functions，individually performed best in class，do not necessarily combine or aggregate to achieve lowest total cost or highly effective processes 10.在过去的十多年里，没有什么必要将那些能在自己领域发挥出最大作用的功

24、能组合在一起，以使整个过程成本最低或效率最高，这种情况已经越来越明显了。1.As a general rule，an efficient warehouse should be planned around a material-handling system in order to encourage maximum efficiency of product.1. 一般来说，高效的仓库应围绕搬运系统来设计以便发挥产品的最大效益。2A container terminal connects sea and land，transferring containers to and from sh

25、ipsIt shall be capable of handling containers more quickly，economically，accurately and in greater volume than conventional cargoes2. 集装箱码头连接海洋和陆地，把集装箱装至船舶或卸离船舶，相对于传统运输方式而言，它能更快、更经济、准确地处理集装箱，并且处理的量也更大。3To meet this requirement as the volume of container traffic grows，the container terminal will need

26、to increase the speed and efficiency of its handling machinery3. 为了满足集装箱运输量增长的需求，集装箱码头需要提高处理机械的速度和效率。同时，为了扩展码头运营的效率必须采用一个集装箱系统。4Contract warehousing combines the best characteristics of both private and public operationsThe long-term relationship and shared risk will result in lower cost than typica

27、l public warehouse arrangements，although minimum fixed assets are still required for facilities4. 合同仓库结合了自有仓库和公共仓库的优点。虽然还是需要最少的固定投资，但是长期的合作和共担风险会使成本比一般的公共仓库低。5.Contract warehouse operators are also expanding the scope of their services to include other logistics activities such as transportation，inv

28、entory control，order processing，customer service，and returns processingThere are contract warehouses capable of assuming total logistics responsibility for enterprises that desire only to manufacture and market5. 合同仓库经营者还把扩展他们的服务包括其他物流服务如运输、库存控制、订单处理、客户服务和回收处理。有能力向企业提供整个物流服务的合同仓库经营者(一般)只针对制造业和商业。If

29、you keep an overstock of the inventory, expenses will incur not only in warehousing, but also in many other aspects, such as the capital cost and interest accruing to it, taxes, insurance and obsolescence cost. 如果过量库存，不仅会造成仓库费用而且在很多方面会产生费用，如资产成本和它所产生的利息，以及税收、保险和商品变成陈旧物的成本。6A container terminal conne

30、cts sea and land，transferring containers to and from shipsIt shall be capable of handling containers more quickly，economically，accurately and in greater volume than conventional cargoes6集装箱码头连接海洋和陆地，把集装箱装至船舶或卸离船舶，相对于传统运输方式而言，它能更快、更经济、准确地处理集装箱，并且处理的量也更大。A supply chain is defined as a network composed

31、 of factories, suppliers, retailers and so on that supply each other with raw materials, components, products and service. 供应链的定义是一个互相提供原材料、配件、产成品和服务的由工厂、供应商、零售商等组成的网络Packaging about protect the goods against damages during handling, storing and transportation. 包装应能保护货物在搬运、储存和运输过程中免受损坏。39The idea of supply chain management was first put forward in the 1980s. 供应链管理的理念最初在20世纪80年代提出。一、填空题：(从下列选项中, 选出唯一的答案)1.Sav