北师大版高中英语必修二第8讲Unit6 Design词汇篇2教师版Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、作定语的及物动词分词形式为：v.-ing, being+过去分词, 过去分词。当被修饰的名词与分词是主动关系，用v.-ing；当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表示正在进行时，用being+过去分词；当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表示完成时，用过去分词。不定式作定语：动词不定式作定于时，位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后。不定式作定语时往往表示将要发生的动作。如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，其后要用必要的介词。例：Things lost never come again! 覆水难收！The houses being built are for the teachers. 正在建的那些房子是为老师建的

2、。The question to be discussed at tomorrows meeting is a very important one. 明天在会上将要讨论的问题非常重要。4. character n. （书写或印刷的）字，字体；性格；人物词汇拓展：characteristic adj. 典型的，独特的 n.特征，特点（常用复数）in/out of character 符合/不符合的性格5. offering n. 供品，祭品make an offer 出价，要价turn down/refuse an offer 拒绝建议offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事My ne

3、ighbor offered to help me when I was sick. 我生病时，邻居主动提出帮助我。offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物He offered us 100 yuan for the bike. 他向我们出价100元买这辆自行车moffer some money for 出价买6. try out 试用，试验We will try out your new method. 我们将试验你的新方法。词语拓展：try n. 尝试，试图，努力try on 试穿Can I try it on? 我能穿上试试吗？try for

4、试图获得，赢得try to do sth. 努力做某事try doing sth. 试图做某事，尝试做某事He tried cleaning the spot with alcohol. 他试着用酒精擦拭那污迹。7. “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句People to whom the dead person was related would make these offerings on special days and during festival.句型剖析：本句为复合句, to whom the dead person was related为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行

5、词people。“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，其中关系代词只能用whom或which。In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help. 漆黑的街上没有一个他可以求助的人。This is the room in which Leo used to live. 这就是利奥以前住的房间。8. 名词性从句But what I remembered most is moving a lot.“what I remembered most”是主语从句，what在句中作remember的宾语，此

6、时此时不能换成that， 因为that引导主语从句时不再句中作任何成分。What引导的名词性从句还有宾语从句，表语从句等。动名词短语“moving a lot”在这里作表语。What you said just now is not true. 你刚才说的话不是真的。That we shall be late is certain. 我们将要迟到，这是确定无疑的。9. mercy n. 慈悲，怜悯，同情心merciful adj. 还算幸运的，仁慈的mercifully adv. 幸运地，宽大地merciless adj. 无情的have mercy on = show mercy to 对仁

7、慈，对同情（怜悯）ask/beg for mercy 恳求宽恕，祈求宽恕at the mercy of sb. /sth. 任由摆布；对无能为力without mercy 毫不留情的，残忍的It is a mercy that-clause 真幸运，真侥幸10. the way后的定语从句But the house on Mango Street is not the way they described it at all. the way是先行词，“they described it”是定语从句，修饰the way，引导词在定语从句中作状语，可以省略，也可以用that或in which。w

8、ay当“方法，办法”讲时，后接的定语从句中，若引导词再从句中作主语或宾语，则需用that或which。The way that/in which he said it surprised it surprised us. 他表达的方式让我们感到惊讶。11. narrow adj. 狭窄的，狭隘的，眼光短浅的narrowly adv. 勉强地，严格地，仔细地He narrowly escaped being killed. 他险些丧命。narrow vt. & vi. 使变窄，缩小12. hold ones breath 屏住呼吸I was so nervous that I held my b

9、reath at the scene. 看到那场面我紧张的屏住了呼吸。与breath有关的其他短语：catch ones breath 恢复正常呼吸lose ones breath 喘不过气take a deep breath 深深吸一口气out of breath （运动后）穿不上气与hold相关的短语：hold back 阻挡，犹豫hold on 坚持住，（电话用语）等一下hold out 伸出，维持hold off 延迟13. 完全倒装Out back is a small garage for the car we dont own yet and a small yard that

10、looks smaller between the two buildings on either side.主句是一个完全倒装句。表示地点或时间的副词或介词短语位于句首，且谓语动词为be或go, come等不及物动词时，句子要用完全倒装，即将谓语动词部分全部至于主语之前。考点释义：完全倒装语序主要有以下几种情况：There + be/stand/lie/exist/live+名词主语There lies a railway in the north of the city. 城市北边有一条铁路。Here/there/out/in/up/down/away/back/now/then等副词+不

11、及物动词（come, go, rush, fly等）+名词主语（不用进行时态）。Away went the children. 孩子们走了。直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首，主语为名词。“We are lost,”said Mary. “我们迷路了。”玛丽说。表语或状语（主要是表示地点的状语）+谓语（谓语动词常为不及物动词）+名词主语。In the box are some candies. 盒子里有一些糖果。14. conclusion n. 结论，推断，终结，结局conclude vt. & vi. 结束，推断出，达成reach/lead to/come to a conclusion 得出

12、结论to conclude/in conclusion 最后In conclusion, I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself. 最后，我想说我过的有多么愉快。15. agree with 同意I quite agree with his idea. 我十分赞同他的想法。agree with ones idea/opinion/what one says 同意某人的观点/意见/所说的话agree with sth. 与一致，与符合not agree with sb. 不适合，不相宜agree to 同意（计划，建议，安排）agre

13、e on 对取得一致意见arrive at/come to/reach an agreement 达成协议16. 表语从句This is why the local people proudly call their town “Dayan”这是一个由why引导的表语从句。Why是连接副词；表语从句还可以由that, what, which, who, whom, when, where, how, whether, as if等来引导。其中what, which, who, whom为连接代词，在表语从句中充当主语，宾语，表语等；when, where, how, why为连接副词，在表语从

14、句中充当状语；that, whether, as if在表语从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用。Thats just what I want. 那正是我想要的。This is why we missed the early bus. 那就是我们为什么错过了早班车。It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。17. Wonder n. 奇观，奇迹，惊叹wonder vt. 想知道wonderful adj. 令人惊奇的，精彩的no wonder 难怪wonder at sth. / wh-宾语从句 18. admire vt. 钦佩，羡慕，赞赏，欣赏ad

15、mirable adj. 可钦佩的，值得赞赏的admiration n. 钦佩，羡慕，赞赏admire sb. For 因而钦佩某人The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching. 这所学校因教学出色而被广泛称赞。19. be home to 是的所在地/家/发源地Africa is home to lions. 非洲是狮子的故乡。feel at home 感到自在，舒服，放松make oneself at home 不拘束，不客气20. determine vt. 决心，决定determined adj. 坚定的determin

16、ation n. 决心determine（on/upon） sth. 决定某事determine to do sth. 决定做某事determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下决心做某事Her encouragement determined me to carry on with the work. 她的鼓励使我决心把这项工作继续下去。be determined to do sth. 决心做某事A lot of people are determined to become rich. 很多人决心要致富。21. Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了I

17、ts your turn to sweep the floor. 该你扫地了。take turns 依次，轮流by turns 轮流，交替in turn 依次，轮流，转而，相应的in return 作为回报例1. Several years ago they found in England a tomb of a man _ from around 2300 B.C.A. datedB. datingC. dates D. to date 解析：句意：几年前他们在英国发现了一个男人的墓，该墓可追溯到公元前2300年。考查非谓语动词作定语，date from与a tomb为逻辑上的主动关系，不

18、定式作定语表将来，与句意不符，即可推断出正确答案。答案：B。例 2. China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals _ all its citizens.A. in charge of B. for the purpose of C. in honor of D. for the benefit of 为了所有公民的利益，中国一直在推行公立医院的改革。本题考查介词短语辨析。in charge of管理，负责；for the purpose of为了的目的；in honor of为了向表示敬意，为纪念；for the benefit

19、of为了的利益，即可推断出正确答案。D。例3. In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words _ in daily conversations.A. usingB. to useC. having usedD. used在有些语言中，100个词就占了日常对话的一半。本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。非谓语动词和words是逻辑上的被动关系，而四个选项中只有D项表示被动，即可推断出正确答案。例4. _ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the w

20、riter.A. ThatB. WhatC. WhoD. Which让这本书不同寻常的是作者的想象力。本题考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知空格处引导主语从句，从句部分缺少主语成分，且指的是“事或物”，排除A和C项，又没有在限定范围内选择的意义，可排除D项，即可推断出正确答案。例5. （2015北京朝阳高三一模）Oh, I can feel something _ up my leg! It must be an insect.A. to climb B. climbingC. climbD. climbed哦，我觉得有什么东西正在我腿上爬！一定是一只虫子。感官动词feel可以接do, doing

21、, being done, 根据语境可知，此处表示有东西正在我腿上爬，强调正在进行，所以选doing，即可推断出正确答案。基础演练一，根据字母或汉语提示，用所学的单词或短语填空。1. The Grand Canal began to be built in the Sui D_.2. She seems to do these things on p_.3. Money is not the key to h_.4. A group of primary students placed a wreath at the t_ of the national hero.5. She wore so

22、 much _（珠宝）that she seemed to be covered in gold.6. The _（寺庙）has been considered an example of classic design.7. I wish this book was written in bigger _（字）.8. This cloth has a _（式样）of blue and white squares.9. The r_ for the flat is $50 a week.10. Id like to go d_ for shopping. Can you give me a li

23、ft?Keys：一，1. Dynasty 2. purpose3. happiness 4. tomb5. jewellery 6. temple7. characters 8. pattern9. rent 10. downtown巩固提高一， 单句改错。1. By the time when we got to the top of the mountain, we were all out of breath._.2. At last, they arrived in where is now called America.3. Where do you think will he go

24、?4. I dont like the way how you did it.5. There are tall trees growing on either sides of the road. 一， 1. 去掉when 2. where改为what 3. will he改为he will 4. how改为that或去掉how 5. sides改为side一， 用所给短语的适当形式填空。date back to be related to on purpose set an example try outhold ones breath even though without mercy

25、dream of be located in even though1. Parents should _ _ good _ _ their children.2. I think he broke that window _ _.3. We should _ _ this medicine to make sure that there is nothing wrong with it.4. This customer _ _ _ the 11th century.5. The police think that he _ _ _ the case.6. There are a lot of spelling mistakes, _ _, it is a good essay.7. His father drove him off _ _.