人机工程学实验指导书Word下载.docx

1、允许有价值的设计在毕业设计阶段继续完善，并达到毕业设计的要求。鼓励以木材为主体材料的设计。鼓励分析问题、解决问题的设计。鼓励与生产实践相结合的设计或论文。鼓励不完善但富有创新性的设计。不同的设计有不同的评判标准，对设计过程的评判取决于师生交流的程度。目录总体指导4实验一 工效学与家具尺寸6实验二 应用工效学进行设计7总体指导调研解决作业所涉及的问题，仅仅依靠教材是不够的。学生要完成作业，必须作两方面的调研：文献资料的调研和现有产品的调研。学生可以去图书馆、资料室、网络、一定的生活环境进行收集信息、观察调研。对现有产品进行调研时应现场绘制草图并测量主要尺寸，以便改进设计。通过调研，激发学生的学习

2、主动性，培养学生自我钻研、改革创新的精神和应用人机知识分析问题、解决问题的能力。选题教师可以提供一定数量的作业题目供学生选择，学生也可以在征求老师意见的前提下自拟题目。建议题目与家具设计或制造相关，但不反对其它产品的人机学设计。学生应在一周内选定题目，中途不得更改，以免延误时间。大部分题目应该一个人独立完成，对于工作量大的题目可由23人完成。题目选定后报告给老师以便记录和跟踪辅导。辅导在辅导答疑过程中，教师只向学生作原则性、方向性等方面的指导，而不对具体问题作具体的回答。鼓励多方案的设计，鼓励“为不久的将来而设计”，鼓励多学科交叉、多技术融合的设计。过程检查问题的核心和关键往往是开头和中间。因

3、此，在作业的开始和中间，教师应加强督促检查。有关调研工作应该在课外完成，而课堂时间是教师和学生交流的时间，学生要合理地安排时间和工作进度，保证按期完成工作。交流有条件的情况下，同学们应该多进行交流，互相启发。对于资料的应用，不应是照搬找抄，而应作一定的分析。在设计的最后环节应分享成果，以便开阔眼界和思路。总结学生在作业的最后部分，应就设计的结论、创新点、得失、优缺点、需要进一步研究的问题进行简要总结。作业要求和格式作业无固定的格式和版式，建议用A4纸打印若干张彩图，不反对手绘。作业应有设计图纸和设计说明。图纸应尽可能表达设计意图，采用三视图或配以透视图，应标注必要的三维空间尺寸和主要零部件的主

4、要尺寸，并说明它们与人体尺寸的关系，对零部件明细表、结构和工艺不多要求。说明应简明扼要，包括题目、调研分析、方案构思、多方案比较、对本设计的说明（尤其是图样本身未能表达的问题）、小结，做到有理有据，最后注明参考文献和原始图片出处。所有作业纸张应装订成册，配以封面。答辩为了交流，同时避免作业雷同，至少在课程结束一周内，学生应亲自将作业的打印稿交给老师，同时回答老师提出的12道问题。参考题目坐卧类1某种椅子（如与电脑桌结合）的人机学设计2学生床的人机学设计桌台类3电脑桌的人机学设计4 阅览桌的人机学设计5绘图桌的人机学设计6阅报桌的人机学设计7校用实验台的人机学设计柜类8书柜的人机学设计架类9书架

5、的人机学设计10期刊架人机学设计11报纸架的人机学设计12光盘架的人机学设计其它单一产品类13书车的人机学设计14书梯的人机学设计15书踏的人机学设计生活方式类16为坐而设计配套设计类17图书馆配套家具的人机学设计室内设计类18本科生公寓的人机学设计实验安排实验一与实验二是相关的，是同一题目不同阶段的安排。实验一 工效学与家具尺寸（实验一的内容仅指在课时内的作业内容）1作业目的了解并逐渐熟悉某种家具的人机尺寸。2作业内容1）测定某种家具的三维总体尺寸和主要局部尺寸、主要零部件的人机尺寸；2）与人体尺寸及其计算结果进行对比，从而分析现有产品。3方法步骤测量法文献资料数据分析计算法比较法1）根据选

6、题，分析家具的尺寸。2）测定家具的有关尺寸。3）针对某尺寸，查阅相关资料及标准，进行适当的计算。4）将理想数据与现状数据进行对比。对比时可参考人机国家标准和家具国家标准。5）分析现有产品。6）提出初步的改进意见和方案。4作业要求1）人体尺寸的数据选用要合理。2）计算要有依据和步骤。为进一步的设计提供参考依据实验二 应用工效学进行设计（实验二的内容仅指在课时内的作业内容） 通过具体的产品设计，掌握人体工程学的基本知识，培养应用工效学设计产品或环境的初步能力。 应用各种人机知识，设计一种家具，或配套家具，或应用人机知识进行特定场所的简单室内设计。三视图、效果图编写设计说明1）根据选题，分析可能的主

7、要人机问题。不仅包括尺寸，而且包括其它方面的问题。2）理论结合实际，应用人机知识解决问题。3）绘制三视图。4）简要作出设计说明。5）完善设计文件。按总体要求和格式。评分准则：1、 设计说明不少于2页或3000字。图纸包括三视图和效果图。2、 根据设计说明的详细程度、设计功能造型等的新颖性、复杂性综合定成绩。人类工效学论文选题方向15/41Activity Theories for Work Analysis and Design（ID: AC）The challenge of activity-driven approaches for changesObjective In August 2

8、000, the International Ergonomics Association Council adopted an official definition, writing that ergonomics is a systems-oriented discipline which now extends across all aspects of human activity It was decided in July 2005, to form a Technical Committee named Activity theories for work analysis a

9、nd design . Its objectives are: To develop a research community interested by cultural and historical approaches of human conduct in ergonomics. To document and to disseminate theories and methods based on these approaches for field analysis and design. To organize collaborative events for researche

10、rs and practitioners interested by this area. After two previous events of the TC ATWAD （Maastricht, 2006, and Helsinki, 2008）, the 17th triennial IEA congress provides the opportunity to create a unique forum for exchanges and dialogues with the Chinese and Asian communities interested by activity-

11、driven design approaches for changes. “Activity approaches” is understood in the broad sense. Cultural and Historical Activity Theory, but also situated approaches of action and cognition at work, or workplace studies and practice-based approaches are welcome. ThemesSubmissions are invited in all ar

12、eas of theoretical and empirical research in ergonomics: intervention, design and change, well-being and occupational health, etc. Presentations Next to oral presentations, posters, round table discussions may be proposed. The proposal will either focus on theoretical and empirical research or inter

13、vention. Presentations will be published in the proceedings of the IEA 2009 Congress. Submission and Important dates Abstracts can be submitted at the IEA Congress website （www.iea2009.org）. Please make sure to select the Track ID as a keyword when submitting your paper. Submission of 500 word abstr

14、act: November 15, 2008. Notification of acceptance: January 1, 2009. Full paper: April 1, 2009.Affective Design（ID: AF）The Affective Product Design （AF） Track is accepting submissions for the AF Track at the IEA 2009 Congress in Beijing, China. This track encourages symposia, panels, and demonstrati

15、ons that address affective/emotional design and evaluation of products. The content could include laboratory, field and case studies, conceptual models, and demonstrations. Relevant topics include novel methods for measurement of affect, cross-cultural and usability issues in affective design, devel

16、opment of affective design standards. Symposia with papers that combine Affective Design methods with particular domain areas （e.g. healthcare, transportation, building and construction） are especially welcomed. We are also interested in demonstrations of new products/tools/software/methods that add

17、ress affective issues for young and elderly users.Aging（ID: AG）The IEA Aging Technical Committee is accepting submissions for the Aging Track at the IEA 2009 Congress in Beijing, China. Aging Track encourages symposia, panels, and demonstrations that address for example Aging and work, Promotion of

18、Work ability, Health and Well being of Aging workers, Female workers and Aging, Age management, Gerotechnology, Aging workers and technology, Aging and working hours, Aging and learning. The content could include laboratory, field and case studies, conceptual models, and demonstrations. Symposia wit

19、h papers that combine aging with particular domain areas （e.g. healthcare, transportation, building and construction） are especially welcomed. We are also interested in demonstrations of new products/tools/software/methods that address affective issues for elderly users.Agricultural Ergonomics（ID: A

20、R）The IEA Agriculture Ergonomics Track （formerly the Primary Industries Technical Committee） is now accepting submissions for the IEA 2009 Congress in Beijing, China. This Track calls for proposals for symposia, panels, workshops, field demonstrations and papers that address current or emerging issu

21、es in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, viticulture and any other land-based industries. In particular we are interested in proposals related to any of the following topics: Ergonomic applications in production agriculture Ergonomic applications in labor-intensive agriculture Agricultural machine

22、ry and equipment design and safety New technologies in agriculture Agricultural health and safety Special populations in agriculture: youths, elderly, migrant and seasonal workers, etc.The interest of this track also cover other predominantly rural occupations including fishing and the transportatio

23、n and primary processing of produce for example log truck driving, initial seafood processing and sawmill work. The content of these offerings could include case studies, reports of laboratory research, and descriptions of field methods, conceptual models, evaluations, implementation approaches and

24、intervention programme design. Demonstrations or examples of new products/tools/software/methods that have had impact in addressing common ergonomics problems or livelihood issues in these industries would also be very welcome. In particular, we are looking for contributions covering novel methods o

25、f qualitative and quantitative data collection in the field, and also any presentations that discuss methods for the reliable evaluation of intervention effectiveness in rural communities.Children and School Ergonomics（ID: CH）Papers on all aspects of ergonomics for children, youths and students are

26、encouraged to be part of the Children and School Ergonomics Track organized by the IEA Technical Committee on Ergonomics for Children and Educational Environments （ECEE）. Suggested scope of topics might include: backpacks, furniture & equipment, product development, technology use, and education. Pa

27、nel discussions and joint presentations with members of other tracks are welcome.Development of practices and work changes EW）In the work environment, formal and informal training plays an essential role as a means of contributing to and supporting many technical and organisational changes. While tr

28、aining programmes are often designed for operators to adapt, the studies based on the ergonomic analysis of work have shown they can have another status allowing actors themselves to “appropriate” changes by making the learning activity and work the main focus of the training, and reiterating the re

29、levance of treating the issue of well-being along with the economic and management considerations.How do changes in the form of employment （development of precarious jobs, or atypical working hours）, organisation of work （combined industrial and trade constraints）, technologies （increasing use of ne

30、w technologies of communication and information） transform the practice of training from the viewpoint of the training staff, but also for ergonomists and the way they view the field of training? How have research and practical exercises based on the ergonomic analyses of work, contributed to transform work through training or give clues to th