电路原理及电工学常用专业英文词汇资料.docx

1、电路原理及电工学常用专业英文词汇资料电路原理专业词汇表Glossary of “Principles of Electric Circuits”Chapter 1 Elements and Laws of Electrical Circuits电路 electrical circuit电流 current电荷 electric charge电压 voltage 电位 potential电位差 potential difference电动势 electromotive force 功率 power能量 energy电阻 resistor / resistance电导 conductor / co

2、nductance电感 inductor / inductance电容 capacitor / capacitance欧姆定律 Ohms Law广义欧姆定律 generalized Ohms Law参考方向 reference direction电压极性 voltage polarity正极 positive polarity负极 negative polarity理想独立电压源 ideal independent voltage source理想独立电流源 ideal independent current source理想受控源 ideal dependent / controlled s

3、ource压控电压源 voltage controlled voltage source(VCVS)压控电流源 voltage controlled current source(VCCS)流控电压源 current controlled voltage source(CCVS)流控电流源 current controlled current source(CCCS)节点 node支路 branch回路 loop基尔霍夫定律 Kirchhoffs Law基尔霍夫电流定律 Kirchhoffs Current Law(KCL)基尔霍夫电压定律 Kirchhoffs Voltage Law(KVL

4、)闭合面 closed boundary集总参数 lumped parameter集总参数电路 lumped circuit集总参数元件 lumped element分布参数 distributed parameter分布参数电路 distributed circuit直流 direct current(DC)交流 alternating current(AC)有源器件 active element无源器件 passive element无损电路 lossless circuitChapter 2 Analysis methods to simple resistor circuits串联 s

5、eries connection分压 voltage division并联 parallel connection分流 current division等效电阻 equivalent resistanceY-变换 Wye-Delta transformation入端电阻 input resistanceChapter 3 Methods of Analysis支路电流法 method of branch current节点法 Nodal Analysis回路电流法 loop current method网孔电流法 mesh current method外网孔 outer mesh自导纳 sel

6、f-admittance互导纳 mutual-admittance矩阵 matrix行 row列 column参考节点 reference node平面电路 planar circuit方程 equation消去法 elimination technique克莱姆法则 Cramers rule代入法 substitution method运算放大器 operational amplifier(op amp)同向输入端 noninverting input反向输入端 inverting input输出端 output等效电路模型 equivalent circuit model开环放大倍数 op

7、en-loop gain闭环放大倍数 closed-loop gain入端电阻 input resistance输出电阻 output resistance线性工作区 linear region正向饱和区 positive saturation反向饱和区 negative saturation同向放大 noninverting amplifier反向放大 inverting amplifier加法器 summing amplifier积分器 integrator微分器 differentiator自激振荡 self-sustained oscillationChapter 4 Circuit

8、Theorems叠加原理 superposition principle输入/激励 input / excitation输出/响应 output / response线性电路 linear circuit代数和 algebraic sum替代定理 substitution principle戴维南定理 Thevenins Theorem诺顿定理 Nortons Theorem二端网络 two-terminal circuit开路电压 open-circuit voltage短路电流 short-circuit current特勒根定理 Tellegen Theorem功率平衡定理 Power-

9、balancing Theorem互易定理 reciprocal theorem对偶原理 principle of duality对偶元件 dual element对偶图 dual graphChapter 5 Nonlinear Circuit非线性电路 nonlinear circuit非线性元件 nonlinear element压控电阻 voltage-controlled resistor流控电阻 current-controlled resistor静态电阻 static resistance动态电阻 dynamic resistance小信号分析 small-signal ana

10、lysis小信号模型 small-signal modal分段线性化法 piece-wise linear mthod数值解法 numerical analysisChapter 6 First-order Circuit一阶电路 first-order circuit一阶微分方程 first-order differential equation过渡过程 transient process线性时不变电路 linear time-invariable circuit单位阶跃函数 unit step function单位脉冲函数 unit pulse function单位斜坡函数 unit ra

11、mp function起始条件 initial condition起始值 initial value零输入响应 zero-input response零状态响应 zero-state response稳态响应 steady-state response暂态响应 transient response时间常数 time constant指数函数 exponential function阶跃响应 step response冲激响应 impulse response自由响应 natural response强迫响应 forced response全响应 complete response稳态值 fin

12、al value卷积积分 convolution integration时域延迟 time delay换路 switching跳变现象 jump phenomenon脉冲持续时间 pulse duration脉冲重复周期 repeating period of pulse Chapter 7 Second-order Circuit二阶电路 second-order circuit齐次微分方程 homogeneous differential equation常系数微分方程 constant coefficients equation特征方程 characteristic equation特征

13、根 characteristic root特征值 eigenvalue特征向量 eigenvector特解 particular solution通解 general solution自然频率 natural frequency衰减系数 damping factor谐振角频率 resonant frequency / undamped natural frequency过阻尼情况 overdamped case欠阻尼情况 underdamped case临界情况 critically damped case固有振荡角频率 damping frequency / damped natural f

14、requency衰减振荡 damped oscillation无损 lossless正弦响应 sinusoidal response波形 waveform实数 real复数 complex衰减 attenuationChapter 8 Sinusoidal Steady-State Analysis幅值 amplitude / magnitude相位 phase相位差 phase difference角频率 angular frequency周期 period频率 cyclic frequency正弦 sinusoidal余弦 cosine初相角 initial phase angle瞬时值 instantaneous value最大值 maximum有效值 effective value root-mean-square valueu 领先 i u leads i by u 落后 i u lags i by 同相 in phase反相 opposite in phase实部 real part虚部 imaginary part直角坐标形式 rectangular