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1、The bottom line is we dont believe that this is the future of environment transport for the mass market,” Tim Holmes of Ford Europe said on Friday. “We feel we have given electric our best shot.”“关键是我们认为电动车不能代表大众市场环保交通的未来”，福特欧洲区的 Tim Holmes于周五说。“我们感觉自己对电力车巴做了最好的尝试。”The Think City has a range of only

2、 about 53 miles and, up to a six-hour battery recharge time. General Motors EVI electric vehicle also had a limited range, of about 100 miles.Think city系列的运行里程仅53英里，电池充电需6小时。通用公司的EVI电力车也仅能运 行100英里。The very expensive batteries also mean electric cars cost much more than petrol-powered alternatives. A

3、n electric Toyota RAV4 EV vehicle costs over$42,000 in the US, Compared with just $17,000 for the petrol version. Toyota and Nissan are now the only major auto manufacturers to produce electric vehicles. 昂贵的电池意味着电动汽车的造价是汽油动力车的两倍多。日本丰田产的RAV4EV系列电动 车在美国的售价达42000美元，而同系列的汽油动力车仅售17000美元。丰田和日产汽车公司是 现在仅存的两

4、大电动车制造商。There is a feeling that battery electric has been given its chance. Ford now has to move on with its hybrid program, and that is what we will be judging them on.” Roger Higman, a senior transport campaigner at UK Friends of the Earth, told the Environment News service.应该说电池动力车已经获得了充分的机会。福特现已

5、转向电池内燃混合机开发项目，我 们应据此评价他们的发展。”Roger Higman，英国Friends of the Earth 组织的一位高级交 通运动代表这样对环保新闻评论说。Hybrid cars introduced by Toyota and Honda in the past few years have sold well. Hybrid engines offer greater mileage than petrol-only engines, and the batteries recharge themselves. Ford says it thinks such ve

6、hicles will help it meet planned new guidelines on vehicle emissions in the US.日本本田和丰田公司推出的混合机汽车在过去几年取得了良好的销售业绩。混合动力车比 汽油机车运行里程更长，电池又可自行充电。福特表示，他们认为这样的机车有助于达到美国 新制订的车辆排放规定。However, it is not yet clear exactly what those guidelines will permit. In June, General Motors and Daimler Chrysler won a court

7、 injunction, delaying by two years Californian legislation requiring car-makers to offer 100,000 zero-emission and other low-emission vehicles in the state by 2003. Car manufacturers hope the legislation will be rewritten to allow for more low-emission, rather than zero- emission, vehicles.不过这些规定究竟允

8、许怎样的排放物现在还不十分清楚。六月份通用和戴姆勒克莱斯勒公 司赢得一项法庭裁决，可推迟两年执行一项加州法令，该法令要求汽车生产商在2003年前向该 州提供10万辆零排放和其他低排放汽车。制造商希望修改此法令，允许他们生产更多低排放而 不是零排放的汽车。2、World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict 世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值In a finding that may speed efforts to conserve oil, scientists in Kuwait predict th

9、at world conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014. This prediction is almost a decade earlier than some other predictions. Their study is in ACS Energy & Fuels.科威特科学家预测世界常规原油产量将在2014年达到峰值，这一发现可能会促进储存石油 的努力。这一预测比其他预测提前了将近十年。这已经发表在美国化学学会能量与燃料杂 志上。Ibrahim Nashawi and colleagues point out tha

10、t rapid growth in global oil consumption has Sparked a growing interest in predicting peak oil. Peak oil is the point where oil production reaches a maximum and then declines. Scientists have developed several models to forecast this pint, and some put the date at 2020 or later. One of the most famo

11、us forecast models is called the Hubbert model. It assumes that global oil production will follow a bell shaped curve. A related concept is that of Peak Oil. The term Peak Oil indicates the moment in which world wide production will peak, afterwards to start on irreversible decline.伊布赫姆纳夏威和同事们指出，全球石

12、油消耗的快速增长使人们对“石油峰值”预测的 兴趣越来越浓。“石油峰值”指的是石油产量达到最大值然后开始下降的时间点。科学家已经 构建了几个模型来预测这一时间，有些模型认为这一时间在2020年或更晚。其中最著名的预测 模型之一是赫伯特模型。赫伯特模型认为世界石油产量呈钟型曲线。与此相关的概念是“石油 峰值”。这一术语指的是世界石油产量达到峰值的那一刻，之后将呈现无法逆转的下降趋势。The Hubbert model accurately predicted that oil production would peak in the United States in 1970. The model

13、 has since gained in popularity and has been used to forecast oil production worldwide.赫伯特模型精确地预测到美国石油产量于1970年达到峰值。这一模型从此受到欢迎，已经用于预测世界石油生产。However, recent studies show that the model is insufficient to account for more complex oil production cycles of some countries. Those cycles can be heavily infl

14、uenced by technology changes, politics, and other factors, the scientists say.但是，最近研究表明，这一模型不足以解释某些国家更加复杂的石油生产周期。科学家称，这些生产周期受到技术变化、政策和其他因素的很大影响。The new study describes development of a new version of the Hubbert model that provides a more realistic and accurate oil production forecast. Using the new

15、 model, the scientists evaluated the 0il production trends of 47 major oil- producing countries, which supply most of the worlds conventional crude oil. They estimated that worldwide conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014, years earlier than anticipated. The scientists also showed that

16、the worlds oil reserves are being reduced at a rate of 21 percent a year. The new model could help inform energy-related decisions and public policy debate, they suggest.最新研究描述了赫伯特模型的新版本，提供了更加实际、更加准确的石油生产预测。科学家使用新模型评估了47个主要产油国家的石油生产趋势，这47个国家是世界常规原油的主要提 供者。科学家预计全球常规原油产量将于2014年达到峰值，比之前预计的要早很多年。科学家 还指出

17、，世界石油储量正在以2.1的速度逐年减少。他们认为新模型会帮助做出与能源相关 的决定，帮助进行国家政策辩论。3、Citizen Scientists 公民科学家Understanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle events - flowering, the appearance of leaves, the first frog calls of the spring - all around the world. But ecologists cant be e

18、verywhere so theyre turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists, for help.理解大自然对气候变化有怎样的反应需要监视世界各个角落的关键生命周期事件-花开、 叶子的出现、第一只青蛙叫出春天的到来。但是生态学家不可能去到世界的各个角落，所以他 们向非科学家求助，这些非科学家有时也被称作公民科学家。Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and n

19、ot enough scientists to observe all of them, theyre asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest - birds, trees, flowers budding, etc- and send their observations to

20、a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for t

21、he conditions where they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.气象科学家不可能足迹遍及天下。因为在世界上有如此多的地方，没有足够的科学家来观 察它们，所以他们请求你来帮助观察全世界气候变化的迹象。公民科学家运动鼓励普通人根据 自己的兴趣来观察某一个特定的方面-鸟儿、树木、花开等等-并把他们的观察结果发送到一 个巨大的数据库来供专业科学家研究。这有助于数量有限的科学家得到如果只靠他们自己根本 收集不

22、到的巨大数据。就像公民记者帮助报道传统新闻报道方式所忽略的小型社区的相关信 息一样，公民科学家也对他们所居住的环境很熟悉。所需要的就是每天或每周留出几分钟来搜 集数据并发送过来。A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology Network. Phenology is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.一群科学家和教育家在去年发起了一个叫做纽约国家

23、物候学的组织。“物候学”就是科学 家们所说的在自然中研究每个事件的时间。One of the groups first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program, called Project BudBurst, collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States.

24、People participating in the project - which is open to everyone record their observations on the Project BudBurst website.其中一个小组的首要尝试就是依靠科学家和非科学家来收集关于每年植物开花和长叶子的 数据。这一项目叫做花季追踪计划，它收集遍布美国的各种各样的植物生长周期的数据。参与 这一项目的人们-这一计划对所有人开放-把他们的观察记录在花季追踪计划网站上。People dont have to be plant experts -they just have to lo

25、ok around and see whats in their neighborhood, says Jennifer Schwartz, an education consultant with the project. As we collect this data, well be able to make an estimate of how plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.“人们不需要是植物学家-他们仅仅需要环视四周看看周围有什么，”Jennifer S

26、chwanz说，她是这项计划的教育顾问。“通过收集数据，我们就能够估算出气候变化对植物 和生物群落会有怎样的影响。4、Motoring Technology 汽车技术12 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a further 50 million injuries. To reduce car crash rate, much research now is focused on safety and new fuels - though some electric vehicle and biofuel research

27、aims at going faster.每年，全世界有120万起路面交通死亡事故，以及五千万起路面交通伤残事故。为降低车 祸发生率，现在有很多研究将注意力放在行车安全和开发新型燃料上一一而有些关于电动机车 和生物燃料的研究旨在达到更快的速度。Travelling at speed has always been risky. One cutting edge area of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assistants. They can ensure you dont miss crucial roa

28、d signs or fall asleep. The use of artificial intelligence software allows these assistants to monitor your driving and makes sure your phone or radio doesnt distract you at a vital moment. Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faults.高速驾驶一向是很危险的。一项在机动车安全前沿领域的研究是有关车内数字化辅助设施 的。这些设施会确保司机们不

29、会错过重要的路况指示牌或在开车时睡着。通过运用人工智能软 件，这些辅助设施可监控行车过程并确保在关键时刻司机不会被手机或广播干扰注意力。许多 车祸是由人为原因造成的而非机械故障。Some safety developments aim to improve your vision. Radar can spot obstacles in fog, while other technology sees through high-sided vehicles blocking your view.一些行车安全方面的改进力图改善司机的视野。雷达可对雾中的障碍物定位，而其他的科 技手段可透过阻碍你视线的高大车辆看到前方。And improvements to seat belts, pedal controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer. The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety, as have, less surpr