TOEFL试题含答案.docx

1、TOEFL试题含答案Section Two: Structure and Written Expression1.In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the United States developed the reusable space shuttle _to space cheaper and easier.A. to make accessB and making accessC. which made accessibleD. and made accessible.2. Genetically, the chimpanzee is more si

2、milar to humans _.A. are than any other animalB. than is any other animalC. any other animal isD. and any other animal is3._more than 65,000 described species of protozoa, of which more than half are fossils.A. Being that there areB. There beingC. Are thereD. There are4.The Sherman Antitrust Act of

3、1890 _ nearly unanimously through the United States Congress.A. passed B. in passageC. having passedD. passing5.Modern skyscrapers have a steel skeleton of beams and columns _a three-dimensional grid. A. formsB. from which formingC. and formingD. that forms6.The average level of United States prices

4、 grew very little from 1953 until the mid-1960s when _.A. did inflation beginB. inflation beganC. the beginning of inflationD. did the beginning of inflation7.The basis premise behind all agricultural production is _available the riches of the soil for human consumption.A. to be madeB. the makingC.

5、making isD. to make8._to the united states House of Representatives in 1791, Nathaniel Macon remained in office until 1815.A. ElectionB. Why he was electedC. ElectedD. Who was elected9._ of classical ballet in the united states began around 1830.A. To teachB. Is teachingC. It was taughtD. The teachi

6、ng10.The universe is estimated _between 10 billion and 20 billion years old. A. beingB. to be C. which isD. is.11. A situation in which an economic market is dominated by a _ is known as a monopoly.A. single of a product sellerB. product single of a sellerC. seller of a product singleD. single selle

7、r of a product12._ freshwater species of fish build nests of sticks, stones, or scooped-out sand.A. As the manyB. Of the many C. ManyD. Many of them are13.Newspaper publishers in the united states have estimated _reads a newspaper every day.A. nearly 80 percent of the adult population whoB. it is ne

8、arly 80 percent of the adult populationC. that nearly 80 percent of the adult population whoD. that nearly 80 percent of the adult population14. The foundation of all other branches of mathematics is arithmetic, _ science of calculating with numbers.A. is theB. theC. which theD. because the15.Nylon

9、was _the human-made fibers. A. the first of which B. what the first ofC. it the first ofD. the first of16.The male cicada sound is made by specialized structures on the abdomen and which apparently severs to attract females.17.Televisions are now an everyday feature of most households in the United

10、States, and television viewing is the number one activity leisure.18.Bacteria are one of the most abundant life forms on Earth, growing on and inside another living things, in every type of environment.19.Fluorine is a greenish gas too active that even water and glass burn in it.20.In general, novel

11、s are thought of extended works of prose fiction depicting the inner and outer lives of their characters.21.Metabolism is the inclusive term for the chemical reactions by which the cells of an organism transforms energy, maintain their identity, and reproduce.22.Although most petroleum is produced f

12、rom underground reservoirs, petroleum occurs in a varieties of forms at the surface. 23.A musical organ can have pipes of two kinds: flue pipes that work like a flute and reed pipes that operate on same principle as a clarinet.24.The Land Ordinance of 1784 divided the western lands belonging to the

13、United States into territories, each to be govern temporarily by its settlers.25.If there is too much pituitary hormone of too few insulin, the amount of sugar in the blood rises abnormally, producing a condition called hyperglycemia.26.The care of children during their years of relative helplessnes

14、s appears to have being the chief incentive for the evolution of family structures.27 .It was not until the 1920s that pollution came to be viewed by many as a threat to the health of live on Earth.28. Platelets are tiny blood cells that help transport hormones and other chemicals throughout the bod

15、y, and it play a key role in clotting blood.29. Until the twentieth century, pendulum clocks were calibrated against the rotation of earth by taking astronomically measurements.30. The rapid growth of the worlds population over the past 100 years has ledto a great increase in the acreage of land und

16、er cultivation.31 .In the eighteenth century, the Pawnees, descendants of the Nebraska culture, lived in villages sizeable on the Loup and Platte rivers in central Nebraska.32. The attraction of opposite charges is one of the force that keep electrons in orbit around of nucleus of an atom.33. Of eve

17、ry the major traditions of wood carving, the one that is closest in structure to the tree is the crest pole made by the Native Americans of the Northwest coast.34. Many of the fine-grained varieties of sedimentary rocks known as shales yield oilwhen distilled by hot.35. In 1820 there were only 65 da

18、ily newspapers in the united states, which total daily circulation of perhaps 100,000.36. The Milky Way galaxy includes the Sun, its planets, and rest of the solar system, along with billions of stars and other objects.37. Some of sharpshooter Annie Oakleys exploits with a gun are almost unbelievabl

19、e when it comes to accuracy, speed of firing ,and endure.38.Evidence from ancient fossils indicates the scorpion may had been among the first land animals.39. Jetties, piers designed to aid in marine navigation, are constructed primary of wood, stone, concrete, or combinations of these materials.40.

20、 The Barnes Foundation in Merion, Pennsylvania, was chartered in 1922 to promotion art education by providing art classes and by establishing a publishing program.Section Three: Reading ComprehensionQuestion 1-10all mammals feed their young. Beluga whale mothers, for example, nurse their calves for

21、some twenty months, until they are about to give birth again and their young are able to find their own food. The behavior of feeding of the young is built into the reproductive system. It is a nonselective part of parental care and the defining feature of a mammal, the most important thing that mam

22、mals- whether marsupials, platypuses, spiny anteaters, or placental mammals - have in common.But not all animal parents, even those that tend their offspring to the point of hatching or birth, feed their young. Most egg-guarding fish do not, for the simple reason that their young are so much smaller

23、 than the parents and eat food that is also much smaller than the food eaten by adults. In reptiles, the crocodile mother protects her young after they have hatched and takes them down to the water, where they will find food, but she does not actually feed them. Few insects feed their young after ha

24、tching, but some make other arrangement, provisioning their cells and nests with caterpillars and spiders that they have paralyzed with their venom and stored in a state of suspended animation so that their larvae might have a supply of fresh food when they hatch.For animals other than mammals, then

25、, feeding is not intrinsic to parental care. Animals add it to their reproductive strategies to give them an edge in their lifelong quest for descendants. The most vulnerable moment in any animals life is when it first finds itself completely on its own, when it must forage and fend for itself. Feed

26、ing postpones that moment until a young animal has grown to such a size that it is better able to cope. Young that are fed by their parents become nutritionally independent at a much greater fraction of their full adult size. And in the meantime those young are shielded against the vagaries of fluct

27、uating of difficult-to-find supplies. Once a species does take the step of feeding its young, the young become totally dependent on the extra effort. If both parents are removed, the young generally do no survive.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The care that various animals give to their

28、offspring.B. The difficulties young animals face in obtaining food.C. The methods that mammals use to nurse their young.D. The importance among young mammals of becoming independent.2. The author lists various animals in line 5 toA. contrast the feeding habits of different types of mammalsB. describ

29、e the process by which mammals came to be definedC. emphasize the point that every type of mammal feeds its own youngD. explain why a particular feature of mammals is nonselective3. The word tend in line 7 is closest in meaning to A. sit onB. move C. noticeD. care for4. What can be inferred from the

30、 passage about the practice of animal parents feeding their young?A. It is unknown among fish.B. It is unrelated to the size of the young.C. It is dangerous for the parents.D. It is most common among mammals.5. The word provisioning in line 13 is closest in meaning to A. supplyingB. preparingC. buil

31、dingD. expanding6. According to the passage, how do some insects make sure their young have food?A. By storing food near their young.B. By locating their nests or cells near spiders and caterpillars.C. By searching for food some distance from their nest.D. By gathering food from a nearby water sourc

32、e.7. The word edge in line 17 is closest in meaning to A. opportunityB. advantageC. purposeD. rest8. The word it in line 20 refers toA. FeedingB. momentC. young animalD. size9. According to the passage, animal young are most defenseless whenA. their parents are away searching for foodB. their parents hav