英语人版必修1单词短语句型语法汇总文档格式.docx

1、为了12. at dusk 在黄昏时刻13. face to face面对面地14. no longer/notany longer 不再15. settle 安家、定居、停留16. suffer 遭受、忍受、经历17. sufferfrom 遭受、患病18. recover 痊愈、恢复、重新获得19. get/be tired of 对厌烦20. pack 捆扎，包装/包裹21. pack （sth） up 将（东西）装箱打包22. get along with与相处23.fall in love爱上24. disagree 不同意25. join in 参加【重点句型】1. It was

2、the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. （从句时态用完成时）这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。2. I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.（强调句）我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。3. I stayed awake o

3、n purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.有一天晚上，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。4. Your friend, who doesnt work hard, asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term exam.（非限制性定语从句）你的一个朋友叫你在期末考试中帮他作弊，这个朋友平常不认真学习。5. If you have some trouble （in）

4、 getting along with your friends, you can write to the editor and ask for advice.如果你在和朋友的相处上有问题，你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议。6. Add up your score and see how many points you can get.把你的得分加起来，看看得了多少。7. What he did has added to our difficulties.他的所作所为增加了我们的困难。8. His income adds up to $1000 a month.他每月的收入共计1000美元。9.

5、 Its no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.观看这些已不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须体验的。10. Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work?她为什么那么关注他对她的工作的看法？11. The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a report.警察让他在报告中写下他所看见的事情。12. A

6、s I was about to go out and search for him, he happened to come in.正当我打算出去找他时，他恰巧进来。13. Mr. Jones lives alone and often feels lonely.琼斯先生单独一人生活，常常感到孤独。14. We tried to calm him down, but he kept crying.我们试图让他平静下来，但他仍不停地哭着。15. Does he dare （to） go out at night in such stormy weather?他敢在这样一个暴风雨夜外出吗？16.

7、 He would go through fire and water for his country.他愿为国家赴汤蹈火。17. That country suffered a heavy loss in the flood.那个国家在水灾中遭受严重的损失。【语法总结】直接引语和间接引语（一）直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。例： Mr. Black said, “Im busy.”Mr. Black said that he was busy.变化规则1. 陈述句的变化规则直接引语如果是陈述句，

8、变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。（1）人称的变化人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思1. He said, “Ilike it very much.” He said thathe liked it very much.2. He said to me, “Iv left my book in your room.” He told me that he had left his book in my room.（2）时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去

9、将来时“I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary,”said Anne.Anne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary.The boy said, “Im using a knife.” The boy said that he was using a knife.注意：如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变，如：He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”He said th

10、at light travels much faster thansound.（3）指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化thisthatthesethosenowthenagobefore/earliertodaythat dayyesterdaythe day beforetomorrowthe next/following daythe day after tomorrowIn two days timecomegoheretherethe day before yesterdaytwo days before/earlier2. 疑问句的变化规则如果直接引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时要

11、把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，句末用句号。（1）一般疑问句：如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词是say或said时，要改为 ask 或asked,原问句变为由if/whether 引导的宾语从句。例:“Do you think a diary can become your friend?”the writer says. The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.（2）特殊疑问句：如果间接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的引导词，但疑问句要变为陈述句。“What do you want?h

12、e asked me. He asked me whatwanted Unit2because of 因为、由于e up 走近、上来、提出actually 实际上、事实上base 以为基础，根基at present 目前6.make use of 利用7.such as 例如mand 命令、指令、掌握9.request 请求、要求play a part in 扮演一个角色11.recognize 辨认出、承认、公认12.straight 直接、挺直、笔直的1. World Englishes come from those countries where English plays an im

13、portant role as a first or second language, either because of foreign rule or because of its special role as an international language.（定语从句）世界英语来自那些以英语为第一或第二语言的国家，英语在这些国家起重要作用，或是因为外国的统治，或是因为其作为国际语言的特殊地位。2. All languages change when cultures communicate with one another.当不同的语言互相沟通时，所有的语言都会发生变化。3. Ac

14、tually, the English spoken between about AD 450 and 1150 was based more on German than present day English.实际上，从公元450年到1150年，人们所说的英语更多的是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。4. Would you please come up to my flat for a visit?请到我的公寓里来坐坐，好吗？5. Believe it or not, he cheated in the exams.信不信由你，他在考试中作弊。6. Native English speak

15、ers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相交流。7. Today the number of people learning English in China is larger than even before.目前在中国学习英语的人数比以往任何时候都多。8. It is the duty of a government to provide education for the children of its count

16、ry. （it作形式主语）政府的责任是为其国家的小孩提供教育。9. Reading is one of the best ways of improving your vocabulary and usage.阅读是帮助你改善词汇及其用法的最好方法之一。10. Giving commands is less polite than making a request.发号命令比发出请求粗鲁。11. We asked her for directions and she told us to go round the corner on the left and keep going straig

17、ht for two blocks.我们向她问路，她告诉我们往左边拐弯后直走两个街区。12. He knows several languages, such as English, French and German.他懂几种语言，例如英语、法语和德语。直接引语和间接引语（二）3. 祈使句的变化规则如果直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并根据句子意思在不定式前加上tell/ask/order等动词，如果祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面还要加上not。The hostess said to us, “Please sit down.” The hostess

18、 asked us to sit down.He said, “Dont make so much noise, boys.” He told the boys not to make so much noise.Unit3transport 运输、运送prefer 更喜欢ever since 从那以后persuade 劝说graduate 毕业、大学毕业生finally 最后；终于schedule 时间表；为某事安排时间be fond of 喜欢organize 组织；成立care about 关心；忧虑；change ones mind 改变主意journey 旅行、旅程13.make u

19、p ones mind 下决心14.give in 投降；屈服15.attitude 态度，看法16.as usual 照常17.reliable 可信赖的18.at midnight 在午夜1. My sister and I have dreamed about cycling along the Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 我姐姐和我一直梦想要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅行。2. The man insisted that he didnt steal anything and he （should） be set

20、 free at once. （陈述语气、虚拟语气）这男人坚持自己没有偷东西，他坚持说他应该立刻被释放。3. She gave me a determined look ?C the kind that said she wouldnt change her mind.她给了我一个坚定的眼神这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。4. He is so stubborn that no one can persuade him to do anything.他是如此的固执以致没有人能说服他做任何事。5. My sister doesnt care about details.我的姐姐是不会考虑细节的。

21、6. She is a determined woman. Once she determines to do something, she will do it well.她是个意志坚强的人。如果她下决心做什么事，就一定要做好。7. He recorded the important events ad his afterthoughts in his travel journal. 在旅行日记中，他记下了重大的事件及自己的想法。8. I am not familiar with this city, because this is my first visit.我对这个城市不熟悉，因为这是

22、我的第一次来访。9. I dont think it is necessary for us to give in.我认为我们没有必要让步。10. The topics of a travel journal can be different from a diary, often including people, things, and events less familiar to readers.游记的主题可以和日记不同，经常包括那些读者不太熟悉的人和事。11. It was great fun to put up tents here.在这儿搭帐篷真好玩。现在进行时表将来表示在近期按

23、计划或安排要发生的动作。 瞬时动词的进行时在任何情况下都表示将来含义。这些动词包括go , come , leave，arrive , return等。I am leaving.我将要离开了。I am leaving tomorrow.我将会明天离开。 持续动词的进行时，只有在有将来时间状语或将来语境的情况下才可以表示将来含义。An American professor is giving a lecture this afternoon.今天下午一位美国教授将要作报告。（将来含义）An American professor is giving a lecture.一个美国教授正在作报告。（进

24、行含义）Unit4right away 立刻马上burst 爆裂，爆发，突然破裂as if 仿佛，好像at an end 结束，ruin 废墟 ，使破产in ruins 严重受损，破败不堪injure 损害，伤害destroy 破坏，毁坏，消失shock 震惊；震动，休克rescue 援救，营救trap 使陷入困境，陷阱dig out 掘出，发现bury 埋葬，掩埋，隐藏a （great） number of 大量的1. The number of people who were killed or injured in the earthquake reached more than 400

25、,000.（定语从句）死伤的人数达到40多万。2. The army organized the rescue workers to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. （定语从句）部队组织救援人员将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。3. All hope was not lost. = Not all hope was lost.（部分否定）不是所有的希望都破灭了。4. None of us were allowed to go there.（全部否定）我们全都不许去那里。5. He rescued the man from

26、drowning.他救了一男子使之免遭溺毙。6. An earthquake left the whole city in ruins.地震过后，全城到处是残垣断壁。7. I feel highly honoured by your trust.得到你的信任，我感到非常荣幸。8. Professor Yu organized his thoughts before giving the speech.于教授在演讲之前组织了一下思路。9. Many people took shelter from the rain in the department store.许多人在百货公司里避雨。10.

27、It seemed that the world was at an end as the earthquake destroyed nearly everything.世界似乎到了末日，因为地震几乎毁了一切。11. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.人们开始纳闷，这场灾难还会持续多久？12. They used candles all the time instead of electricity.他们一直用蜡烛，没有用电。13. The one million people of the city, who th

28、ought little of these strange events, went to bed as usual that night.（非限制性定语从句）这城市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些奇怪的情况当一回事，当天晚上照常上床睡觉了。14. Wed better prepare him for the bad news.我们最好让他做好知道这个坏消息的心理准备。15. The rubbish gave out a smelly gas.垃圾发出一阵臭味。定语从句1.定语从句基本概念在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般

29、放在先行词的后面。2.定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。常见关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose），as 等。关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。3.定语从句的分类据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去。例如：Any manthat / who has a sense of dutywont do such a thing.任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，