Unit 1 People around us 语法讲义 学年牛津深圳版英语七年级Word下载.docx

1、1. 不定冠词a和an的相同点与不同点（1） 相同点：a / an与one同源，均可表示“一”的概念，一般用在可数名词的单数形式前，用来表示泛指的某人或某物。如：He has an English book. 他有一本英语书。（2） 不同点：a始终出现在以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前。即使是元音字母开头但读音是辅音音素的加不定冠词时也要用a。a bike 一辆自行车；a university 一所大学an始终出现在以元音音素开头的字母或单词前。即使是以辅音字母开头，如果读音是元音音素开头，也要用an。an egg 一个鸡蛋；an hour 一个小时【即学即练】1. Tom wants to st

2、udy at _ university in Europe, but hasnt decided which one to go to yet.A. an B. a C. the D. 不填2. Ciqikou is _ famous place in Chongqing.A. a B. an C. the D. /参考答案：BA2. 不定冠词的用法展示（1） 在可数名词的单数前泛指人或物的某一类。My father is a doctor. 我爸爸是医生。 （2） 用于表示数量“一”，但意义上没有one强。I work eight hours a day. 我一天工作8个小时。 （3） 第一

3、次提到某物或某人，使用a或an，起介绍的作用。There is a pen on the table. And the pen is mine. 桌子上有一只钢笔，这支钢笔是我的。 （4） 用在序数词前表示“再一，又一”。He ate one apple, but he wanted a second one. 他吃了一个苹果，但是他想再要一个。 （5） 用于某些固定词组中。a little 一点、一些 a few 一点、一些a lot （ of ） 许多，大量 a kind of 一种after a while 过了一会儿 in a minute 立刻、马上once upon a time

4、从前 have a rest 休息一会儿have a look 看一看 in a hurry 匆忙1. Mary wants to be _ good doctor when she grows up.2. I have _ pet cat. It is so cuteA. a B. an C. the D. 不填3. Jim has _ useful book. _book is very interesting.A. the; A B. an; A C. a; The D. an; The4. In order to find _ better job, she planned to le

5、arn _ second foreign language. a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the5. Did you have _ good time yesterday？Yeah，I really had _ fun at the party!A. a; / B. a; the C. /;AACBA3. 使用不定冠词时的注意事项（1） 当形容词修饰名词时，冠词要放在形容词的前面，用a或an取决于这个形容词的读音。My mother bought me a nice watch. 我妈妈为我买了一块好看的手表。（2） 有些单词的拼写以辅音字母开头，但读音却以元音音素

6、开头，这时要用an。Ill help you finish the work in an hour. 一小时内我帮你完成这项工作。（3） 有些单词的拼写以元音字母开头，但读音却以辅音音素开头，这时要用a。My brother works as a teacher in a university. 我哥哥在一所大学里当教师。1. My host family is taking me to _ English film festival next weekend. A. an B. a C. the D. 不填2. We played for _ hour in the park. It was

7、 _ great fun! a B. an; / C. a; / D. /；a3. Teachers always tell us to try to be _ honest student today and _ useful man tomorrow. an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; aABB定冠词1. 定冠词the的读音（1） 置于辅音音素前，读作。the pen（2） 置于元音音素前，读作i。the apple（3） 在单独朗读或重读时，读作i:。但在实际交流中，很少发这个音。2. 定冠词the的用法（1） 特指某（些）人或某（些）物，这是定冠词的基本用法。Pl

8、ease open the window. 请打开窗户。 （2） 指谈话双方都知道的人或物。Where is the teacher? 老师在哪？Sorry, I dont know. 对不起，我不知道。（3） 指上文提到过的人或物。I had a present today. The present came from my mother. 我今天收到一件礼物，这件礼物是我妈妈送的。（4） 用在世界上独一无二的事物前。The earth turns round the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。（5） 用在表示西洋乐器的名词前。My sister can play the violin ve

9、ry well. 我妹妹小提琴拉的很好。（6） 序数词和形容词最高级前用the。The biggest apple is mine. 那个最大的苹果是我的。They were the first to arrive at the party. 晚会上他们最早到达。（7） 用在方位名词前。The weathers often cold in the North and windy in the East. 北部的天气常常寒冷，东部则常常刮风。（8） 用在姓氏的复数前表示“全家人或夫妇两人”。The Smiths are going to Hainan Island next year. 史密斯一

10、家人明年打算去海南岛。（9） 用在某些形容词前，表示“某一类人”。the young 年轻人 the old 老年人 the poor 穷人 the blind 盲人（10） 用在普通名词构成的专有名词前。the Summer Palace 颐和园 the Great Wall 长城（11） 用在某些固定词组中in the morning 在上午 all the year round 一整年 in the open air 在露天 on the way 在途中 in the end 最后、终于 1. Who is _ girl behind the tree?Which one? The on

11、e with _ umbrella？ the B. the; an C. the;2. Would you please turn off _ TV?OK, just a moment.A. a B. an C. the3. Helen has _ lovely pet dog. _ dog is clever enough to bring her newspapers every evening. A B. the; The C. a; The D. the; A4. There is no living thing on _ moon. A. the B. a C. 不填5. What

12、did you do last night, Bob?First I did my homework, and then I played _ piano for half _ hour. a B. /; an C. the;6. When is Fathers Day in the United States?Its on _ third Sunday in June. A. a B. the C. /7. Tianjin is _ beautiful city in _ north of China. the C. the; 不填 D. 不填;8. _ Greens are prepari

13、ng for the coming Thanksgiving Day. A. / B. A C. An D. The9._ dead are said to return to their homes and they are welcomed by the living. A. A B. An C. The D. /10. This summer, Im going to visit _ Great Wall.A. a B. an C. the D. /11. Jack often plays _ piano and he wants to be a pianist when he grow

14、s up. A. a B. an C. / D. theBCCAC BBDCC D3. 冠词的位置冠词的位置比较固定，一般置于名词（词组）或名词化的形容词之前。但由于名词前修饰语的搭配要求不同，冠词的位置也呈现一些变化，具体情况如下：（1） 位于下列词之后：such, what, many, half。What a fine day! Lets go out to play. 多好的天气啊！让我们出去玩玩吧！（2） 副词rather可放在不定冠词前，也可置于其后。放在其前时语气较强，置于其后时语气较弱。Its a rather difficult job. 这份工作颇为难做。Its rathe

15、r a difficult job. 这份工作真的很难做。（3） 定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前，但需放在all, both, double, half, twice, three times等之后，名词之前。First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.首先，他写了一张长长的单子，上面列出了所有禁止吃的食物。Every year a lot of tourists travel to Hainan, because its _ island.A. so a beautiful B.

16、so beautiful C. such a beautiful D. a such beautifulC零冠词1. 不用冠词的几种情况（1） 如果名词前已经有指示代词（this, that, these, those）、形容词性物主代词（my, his, our）或名词所有格等限定词时，不用冠词。I can wait, but my toothache cant. 我能等，但我的牙痛等不了啊。（2） 复数名词泛指一类人或事物时。Children shouldnt tell lies. 小孩子不应该说谎。（3） 在表示学科、三餐、球类运动、棋类运动的名词前。After breakfast, I

17、 sent the children to school. 早饭后，我送孩子们去上学。注意：当“三餐”前有形容词修饰或特指某顿饭时，其前可用冠词。I had a quick breakfast and rushed to work. 我快速地吃完早饭，便匆匆上班去了。（4） 在一些专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词前。Music can bring people pleasure. 音乐能给人们带来乐趣。（5） 在表示语言、疾病、颜色的名词前。The sky slowly changed from blue to red. 天空慢慢由蓝色变为红色。（6） 在表示星期、月份、季节、节日的名词前。Hel

18、l arrive in Guiyang on Monday. 他将于星期一到达贵阳。 如果月份、季节等名词被其他限定词修饰，则需要加定冠词。in the spring of 1982 在1982年的春天由festival构成的中国特有的节日前要加the。the Spring Festival 春节 the Lantern Festival 元宵节（7） 与by连用的表交通工具的名词前不加冠词。Every day I go to school by bike. 我每天骑自行车上学。若用介词on或in表示乘某种交通工具，名词前需用冠词或其他限定词。on a bike 乘自行车 in / on th

19、e bus 乘公共汽车 in my car 乘我的小汽车（8） 在表示人名、国名、称呼语或头衔等的专有名词前。Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。（9） 在某些固定短语中，不用冠词。day and night 日日夜夜 hand in hand 手牵手 at first 最初，首先 at home 在家 go swimming 去游泳 go shopping 去购物1. David plays _ football but he doesnt play _ piano.A. , the B. the, C. a, the2. People can

20、t live without _ water.Yes, I think so. A. a B. an C. The D. / 3. People often go skating in _ winterA. / B. a C. an D. the4. Hurry up! If we miss _ last bus, well have to get home by _ taxi. / B. the; / D. a;5. Is Mr. Franco Hollande _ honest and capable man?Yes. And that is why he was chosen _ pre

21、sident of France. a B. an; / C. the; /ADACB2. 短语中有、无定冠词的区别有些名词前有the与无the，在含义上区别很大。at the school 在学校里 at school 上学at the table 在桌旁 at school 在吃饭in the bed （某物）在床上 in bed （睡、病、躺）在床上in the hospital 在医院里 in hospital 住院by the sea 在海滨 by sea 乘船in the front of 在前面（内部） in front of 在前面（外部）on the earth 在地球上 o

22、n earth 究竟go to the church 去教堂 go to church 去做礼拜一、冠词填空1. How sweetly she sings! I have never heard _ better voice.2. Beijing is _ second largest city in China.3. My trip to Tibet was really _ unforgettable experience.4. It is a bad habit to go to work without _ breakfast.5. _ Zhangs live on the seco

23、nd floor.6. Cotton is grown in _ north of China.7. I earn 10 dollars _ hour as a cashier on Sundays.8. Why not come over and play _ chess with me tonight?9. Is Canada _ English speaking country?10. If you decide to go there by _ train, be sure to get _ fast one.二、全国中考冠词专项练习1.Jason likes _ shape of t

24、he cake. It is _ heart.2.Beijing is _ capital of China.A. a B. an C. the D. /3.Whats _ matter with you?I have _ fever.A. an, the B. the, / C. the, a4.Do you know _ girl with long curly hair?Yes. She is Mary. She plays _ piano very well. / B. the;5.In Chinese, _ date 5-20 has a similar pronunciation

25、to “I love you”, making it _lucky and romantic day. the B. /; a D. a;6.Excuse me. Where is _ school library?This way, please.A. an B. the C. a7.Kate, are you _ only child in your family?Yes, but _ new baby is on the way. the B. an; the C. the; a D. the;8.Have you read a book called “The Merchant of

26、Venice”?Yes. _ book is very interesting. A. An B. A C. The D. /9. When leaders of Chinese mainland（大陆）and Taiwan met in Singapore for _ first time since 1949, President Xi said, “Today will be remembered in _ history.” the B. the; / C. /; / D. /;10.She went to a European university to study art. _ university is really amazing. A. An B. The C. A11.Do you kno