英语国家概况美国篇中英翻译Word文档格式.docx

1、4. 落基山脉是北美大陆的脊梁，也被成为大陆分水岭。The Rockies，the backbone of the North American Continent，is also known as the Continental Divide.5. 阿巴拉契亚山脉和落基山脉是美国的两座大山脉。阿巴拉契亚山脉有点西南-东北走向，而落基山脉微呈西南-西北走向。The two main mountain ranges in American are the Appalachian mountains and the Rocky mountains. The Appalachians run sli

2、ghtly from the northeast to southwest and the Rocky mountains run slightly from the northwest to southeast.河流与湖泊2. Rivers and lakes6. 位于阿巴拉契亚山脉和落基山脉之间的是世界上大陆长河之一-密西西比河。密西西比河是美国最长河流，长达6000多公里，有被称作“众水之父”或“老人河”。Lying between the Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky Mountains is one of the worlds great c

3、ontinental rivers-the Mississippi. The Mississippi River is the largest river in American，over 6000 kilometers.The Mississippi has been called father of waters or old man river7. 俄亥俄河被称作美国的鲁尔河，就像德国一样，沿河有丰富的高品质的炼焦煤，并且因其钢铁而著名。另外，该河还为原材料提供了廉价的水路运输。The Ohio river has been called the American Ruhr，As in

4、Germany， the area along the river is rich in valuable deposits of high-grade coking coal and is well known for its steel industry.The river provides cheap water transportation for raw materials. 8. 太平洋沿岸有两大河：一条是南部的科罗拉多河，另一条是发源于加拿大的哥伦比亚河。美国西南部地区的所有农场和城市都依赖这条河。On the Pacific side there are two great r

5、ivers：the Colorado in the south and the Columbia ，which rises in Canada. All the farms and cities of the southwestern corner of the country depend on its water.9. 格兰德河是墨西河和美国之间的一条天然分界线。The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States.其他著名的河流还有哈得河和波多马克河。哈得河在纽约流入大西洋，波

6、多马克河则流经首都华盛顿。Other well-known rivers include the Hudson which meets the Atlantic Ocean at New York City and the Potomac bordering the national capital of Washington. 10. 美国最重要的湖泊是五大湖：必利尔湖，密歇根湖，休伦湖，伊利湖和安大略湖，其中，必利尔湖为世界最大淡水湖，密歇根湖完全是美国境地。the most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes.

7、 They are Lake Superior，which is the largest fresh water lake in the world，Lake Michigan ，the only entirely in the U.S.，Lake Huron，Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.They are located between Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.除密歇根湖全部属美国外，其他均为美国和加拿大之间的界湖。They are all located between Canada and

8、 the United States except Lake Michigan.11.美国气候概述1）美国东北部（新英格兰地区）属湿润的大陆性气候。A humid continental climate, is found in the north-eastern part of the country.2）美国的东南部属温润的亚热带。夏季炎热，冬季温暖。In the south-eastern United States you can find a humid subtropical climate. The summers are usually hot and winters mild

9、. 3）太平洋沿岸西北部像英国一样属于海洋性气候。The Pacific northwest is favored with a maritime climate12.美国的气候除受所在纬度影响外，还受其他许多因素的影响。最重要的影响还是来自太平洋，和大西泮，墨西哥湾，五大湖。Many factors besides latitude influence the climate in the United States.Perhaps the most important forces are the Atlantic and Pacific oceans，the Gulf of Mexick

10、 ，and the Great Lakes. 这些巨大水域使其周边地区保持适中的温度，还产生大量水蒸气转化成降水。These large bodies of water help keep temperatures moderate in the regions bordering them. They supply much of the water vapor that falls as rain. 其他的影响气候的因素：洋流、西部山脉的分布。Ocean currents、The western mountain ranges.地理区划IV. Geographical Regions 13

11、.Traditionally from the east to the west the United States can be divided into seven geographical regions.美国从东到西可分为七个地理区。 14. 新英格兰由美国东北部六个州组成，有时被称为美国的诞生地。这里是美国1776年独立战争的主要中心，也是美国第一个工业区。New England is made up of six states of the Northeast . it is sometimes called the birthplace of America. It was th

12、e chief centre of the American War of Independence of 1776 and was also the nations first industrial area.15.新英格兰人最初曾被称为美国佬，这一名称后来逐渐指所有的美国人。许多重点大学如耶鲁大学，哈佛大学和麻省理工学院都坐落于此。New Englanders were originally known as Yankees, which came to stand for all Americans. Many famous universities and colleges such

13、as Yale，Harvard，thd Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT） are located here. 16.大西洋中部各州的人口占美国总人口的1/5. 工业高度发达，是美国的神经中枢。The Middle Atlantic States have about one fifth of the total population of the united states. It is a highly industrialized area and the nerve centre of the country.首都华盛顿和纽约市都在此地

14、区。纽约市是世界上最繁忙的港口之一，同时也是美国的金融、制造业和交通运输的中心。 The nations capital city Washington D. C. and New York are located here. New York is one of the worlds busiest ports, and the financial, manufacturing and transportation centre of the country. 17. 土壤肥沃、降水量充足、生长期长,这些因素让中西部地区成为美国最重要的农业区，也是主要的制造业区各最主要的重工业区。The s

15、oil is rich，the rain usually plentiful and the growing season long，These factors make the Midwest Americas most important agricultural area .It is also a major manufacturing region and the nations leading center of heavy industry.芝加哥是五大湖最大最忙的港口，美国最大的粮食交易市场，最大的农业机械制造地，也是钢铁产品的主要生产地，还是全国最主要的畜禽市场。同时，芝加哥

16、也是中西部的文化中心，该地区最大的工商业中心。Chicago，the largest and busiest port on the Great Lakes，It is the leading grain market of the United States, the largest manufacturer of farm machinery, a major manufacturer of iron and steel products, and a leading livestock market of the country. Chicago is also the cultural

17、 capital of the Midwest. the largest industrial and commercial centre of the area.中西部的底特律被称作“汽车之都，奥马哈被称作农业之都。Detroit of the Midwest is known as the automobile capital of the world.Omaha is known as the agricultural capital of the United states.19.南方一直以农业为主。由于气候适宜，南方的部分地区成为主要的度假胜地。佛罗里达对冬季度假者有特殊的吸引力，而

18、大雾山和蓝岑山则倍受夏季旅游者的青睐。agriculture was for long the Souths chief occupation. Climate has also made parts of the South leading vacation resorts. Florida holds a special attraction for winter vacationers, whereas the Great Smoky and Blue Ridge Mountains are popular with tourists during the summer months.

19、南部矿产资源丰富，是世界上最丰富的石油产地之一。The South is rich in mineral resources. The South is also one of the richest oil-producing regions in the world.南部的纺织工业占美国的90%，The South now contains 90 % of the American textile industry.20.旱地农业，灌溉农业和牛羊牧业是美国西部大平原地区的主要活动。Dry farming ，irrigation farming，and the cattle and shee

20、p herding are the main activities of the Great Plains of the American West.21. 科罗拉多市被称为西部的钢铁之城。丹佛是大平原地区最大的城市Colorado has been called the steel city of the west ，Denver is the largest city of the Great Plains.西部的胡佛水坝就建在华达和亚利桑那接界处的科罗拉多河上，这是美国最高的水坝。Dams have been built on the rivers, Hoover Dam built o

21、n the border between Nevada and Arizona is one of the highest dams in the United States.22. 美国最大的土著群落位于科罗拉多高原。the largest groups of Native Americans are found on the Colorado Plateau.23.因纽特人（即人们常说的爱斯基摩人）以及其他美国土著居民都住在阿拉斯。Inuits, who are often called Eskimos by other people, and other Native Americans

22、 live Alaska夏威夷群岛是由海底火山喷发而形成的。莫纳洛阿火山是世界上最大的活火山，位于夏威夷群岛，经常喷发。The Hawaii Islands were formed by volcanoes that erupted on the ocean floor. Mauna Loa, the worlds largest active volcano, is located on Haiwaii and erupts from time to time， 甘蔗和菠罗是夏威夷的两大作物，旅游业是夏威夷最重要的产业。Sugar cane and pineapples are Hawaii

23、s two main crops. Tourism is Haiwaiis most important industry.24.Honolulu is the capital of Haiwaii and Juneau is the capital of Alaska.火奴鲁鲁是夏威夷的首府，朱诺是阿拉斯加的首府。第十四章人口与民族1. 美国是世界人口第三大国，仅次于中国和印度。The United States of the American is the third most populous country in the world after China and India.2。移民

24、是人口增长的主要来源, 在1992年，几乎有2，000万人，也就是美国国家总人口中的7.8%，是来自海外的移民。Immigration accounts for a major source of population growth,Almost 20 million people or 7.8% of the total population were immigrants in 1992.自美国独立到20世纪60年代，美国的移民政策基本上是开放的。The United States has a more or less open-door policy to immigtants from

25、 independence until 1960s.19世纪末20世纪初，纽约的埃利斯岛是一个重要的移民入境接待点。Ellis Island of New York was an important immigration reception spot in the 1890s and at the turn of the century.3。如今美国移民的80%到90%主要来源于亚洲和拉美国家。Between 80% and 90% of immigration to the United States now is from Asian and Hispanic countries.4。在

26、过去的二十年里，亚利桑那，华达和佛罗里达是人口增长最快的州。Arizona,Nevada,and Florida have been the fastest growing states in population for the last 20 years.佛罗里达的人口增长归因于它既是退休后的好去处，又是美国和中美南美做生意及到中、南美旅游的方便之地。Floridas population growth owes much to its attractiveness both as a place to retire and as a convenient place for busine

27、ss with and travel to Central and South America. .移民 Immigration 长久以来美国一直被称为移民国家，因为许多美国人是来自世界各地的早期开拓者的后裔，以上移民来到这块当时由土著美洲部落居住的新大陆建立自己的家国。The United States has long been known as a nation of immigrants because many of its people descend from settlers who came from all over the world to make their home

28、s in the new land then populated by native American tribes. 美国历史是第一批移民来自英国和荷兰。The first immigrants in the American history came from England and Netherlands.6。第一次移民浪潮始于1805年左右The first of these waves began in the mid 1810s,第二次移民浪潮贯穿1860到1890的三十年。The second wave covered the period between 1860 and 18

29、90.第三次移民浪潮，也是最大的一次，是从1890年到1914年，给美国送来了1500万移民，他们分别来自奥匈帝国，意大利、俄国、希腊、罗马尼亚和土耳其。The third wave, the largest of the three waves,bringing to the United States a total of I5 million immigrants between 1890 and 1914, was drawn very largely from Austria-Hungary, Italy, Russia, Greece, Rumania and Turkey. 7. 流动性被认为是美国人的特点之一。有1/5的美国人每年搬一次家,为了寻找新的工作机会，或为更好的气候或为其他别的目的。Mobility is considered to he one of the characteristics of the American people.One in five American moves to a new home every year seeking new job opportunity,a better climate of other goals.8。美国的四次大规模的人口流动：there are four