考研真题考研英语真题和答案Word格式.docx

1、there an adaptive value to 9 intelligence? Thats the question behind this new research.Ilike it.Insteadof casting a wistful glance10 at all the species weve left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real11 of our own intelligence might be.Thisis12 the mind of every animal Ive ever met.

2、Researchon animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would13 on humans if they had the chance.Everycat with an owner,14 , is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning.webelieve that15 animals ran the labs, they would test us to16 the limits of our patience, our fait

3、hfulness, our memory for terrain.Theywould try to decide what intelligence in humans is really17 , not merely how much of it there is.18, they would hope to study a19 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in?20 the results are inconclusive.1.A Suppose B Consider C Observe D Imag

4、ine2.Atended B feared C happened D threatened 3.Athinner B stabler C lighter D dimmer 4.Atendency B advantage C inclination D priority 5.Ainsists on B sums up C turns out D puts forward 6.Aoff B behind C over D along 7.Aincredible B spontaneous Cinevitable D gradual 8.Afight B doubt C stop D think 9

5、.Ainvisible B limited C indefinite D different10.Aupward B forward C afterward D backward11.Afeatures B influences C results D costs12.Aoutside B on C by D across13.Adeliver B carry C perform D apply14.Aby chance B in contrast C as usual D for instance15.Aif B unless C as D lest16.Amoderate B overe

6、C determine D reach17.Aat B for C after D with18.AAbove all B After all C However D Otherwise19.Afundamental B prehensive C equivalent D hostile20.ABy accident B In time C So far D Better still Section II Reading prehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts.Answerthe questions below e

7、ach text by choosing A, B, C or D.Markyour answers on ANSWER SHEET1.（40points） Text1 Habits are a funny thing.Wereach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious fort of familiar routine.“Notchoice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordswort

8、h said in the19th century.Inthe ever-changing21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative connotation.Soit seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation.Butbrain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create pa

9、rallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.Butdont bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocus, theyre there to stay.Instead,the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ou

10、rselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.“Thefirst thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says Dawna Markova, author of “The Open Mind” and an executive change consultant for Professional Thinking Partners.“Butwe are taught instead to decide, just as our p

11、resident calls himself the Decider. ” She adds, however, that “to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one.Agood innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.” All of us work through problems in ways of which were unaware, she says.Researchersin the late1960 covered t

12、hat humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally （or collaboratively） and innovatively.Atpuberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable duri

13、ng the first decade or so of life.Thecurrent emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought.“Thisbreaks the major rule in the American belief system that anyone can do anything,” explains M.J

14、.Ryan, author of the20xx book “This Year I Will.” and Ms.Markovasbusiness partner.“Thatsa lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters monness.Knowingwhat youre good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.” This is where developing new habits es in.21.The view of Wordsworth habit is claimed

15、 by beingA.casualB.familiarC.mechanicalD.changeable.22.Theresearchers have discovered that the formation of habit can beA.predictedB.regulatedC.tracedD.guided23.” ruts”（in line one, paragraph 3） has closest meaning toA.tracksB.seriesC.characteristicsD.connections24.Ms.Markovas ments suggest that the

16、 practice of standard testing ? A, prevents new habits form being formed B, no longer emphasizes monness C, maintains the inherent American thinking model D, plies with the American belief system25.Ryanmost probably agree that A.ideasare born of a relaxing mind B.innovativenesscould be taughtC.decis

17、ivenessderives from fantastic ideas D.curiosityactivates creative minds Text2 It is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal （fatherly） wisdom or at least confirm that hes the kids dad.Allhe needs to do is shell our $30 for paternity testing kit （PTK） at his loc

18、al drugstore and another $120 to get the results.Morethan 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first bee available without prescriptions last years, according to Doug Fog, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits.Morethan two dozen panies sell DNA test

19、s Directly to the public , ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500.Amongthe most popular : paternity and kinship testing , which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and latest rage a many passionate genealogists-and supports businesses that offer to sea

20、rch for a familys geographic roots .Mosttests require collecting cells by webbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the pany for testing.Alltests require a potential candidate with whom to pare DNA.But some observers are skeptical, “There is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claim

21、ing they are doing ancestry testing,” says Trey Duster, a New York University sociologist.Henotes that each individual has many ancestors-numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back.Yetmost ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a f

22、athers line or mitochondrial DNA, which a passed down only from mothers.ThisDNA can reveal geic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for exle, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back,14 other great-great-grandparents.Cr

23、iticsalso argue that mercial geic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sle is pared.Databasesused by some panies dont rely on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects.Thismeans that a DNA database may differ depend

24、ing on the pany that processes the results.Inaddition, the puter programs a pany uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.26.In paragraphs1 and2 , the text shows PTKs _.Aeasyavailability Bflexibility in pricing C successful promotion D popul

25、arity with households27.PTKis used to _.Alocateones birth place Bpromote geic research C identify parent-child kinship D choose children for adoption 28.Skepticalobservers believe that ancestry testing fails to_.Atracedistant ancestors B rebuild reliable bloodlines C fully use geic information D ach

26、ieve the claimed accuracy 29.Inthe last paragraph ,a problem mercial geic testing faces is _.Adisorganizeddata collection B overlapping database building 30.Anappropriate title for the text is most likely to be_.AForsand Againsts of DNA testing B DNA testing and Its problems CDNA testing outside the

27、 lab D lies behind DNA testing Text 3 The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all oth

28、er societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong.Weare fortunate that is it, because new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations.Thefindings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical