牛津译林版英语选修7讲义Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit.docx

1、牛津译林版英语选修7讲义Unit 2 Section Welcome to the unitSection Welcome to the unit & ReadingLanguage points beneficial adj.有益的，有用的(教材P18)Both of these medicines have saved millions of peoples lives and have proved beneficial to mankind since they were invented.自从发明这两种药物以来，它们已挽救了数百万人的生命并被证实对人类有益。(1)be benefic

2、ial to 对有益(2)benefit n. 利益，好处vi. 有利于，受益be of benefit to(be beneficial to) 对有益for sb.s benefit(for the benefit of sb.) 为了某人的利益；为帮助某人benefit from/by 从中得益Who exactly stands to benefit from these changes?到底是谁会从这些变革中获益？The new regulations will be of benefit to/be beneficial to everyone concerned.新规章将使所有有

3、关人员受益。Cycling is highly beneficial(benefit) to health and environment.骑自行车对健康和环境都有益。 possess vt.拥有，具有；支配，控制(教材P18)Nearly 3,500 years ago, people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever.将近3500年前，人们咀嚼一种含有特殊化学物质的树叶或饮用由这种树叶制成的

4、茶，以减轻身体疼痛或退烧。possess oneself of 获得，具有be possessed of 具有(某种品质，能力等)possession n. U拥有；(常用复数)个人财产have/get/gain/take possession of 占有；拥有in possession of 占有in the possession of sb. 为某人所有Third, shop wisely, for meaningful experiences provide more longterm happiness than physical possessions.第三，要明智购物，因为有意义的

5、经历比物质财富提供更长久的快乐。Does the young man standing there take possession (possess) of the company?是站在那边的年轻人拥有这家公司吗？No.The company is in the possession of his father.不，这家公司为他父亲所拥有。图形助记 vital adj.对极重要的，必不可少的；致命的(教材P18)Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are a

6、lso other things that aspirin can help with.阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。be vital for/to. 对极重要的/必不可少的It is vital to do sth. 做某事极其重要It is vital that. 十分重要Consideration for other people is vital to all of us.对我们所有人而言能体谅别人是极其重要的。It is vital that you keep accurate records.做好准确的记录极为重要。It is vital to_get

7、 (get) the victim to the hospital at once.把受害者立刻送到医院是至关重要的。名师点津在句型“It is vital that.”中从句谓语动词要用“(should)动词原形”的形式。 potential n可能性，潜在性；潜力，潜能adj.潜在的，可能的(只可作前置定语)(教材P18)Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, introduced the idea in 1953 that aspirin had the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks,

8、because it helped the blood circulate better.美国医生劳伦斯克雷文在1953年提出一个观点，即阿司匹林可能有助于降低心脏病发作的风险，因为它能改善血液循环。potential for(doing)sth. 的可能性/潜在性have the potential to do sth. 有潜力做某事He has the potential to become a worldclass musician.他有潜力成为世界级的音乐家。The company certainly has the potential for growth(grow)那家公司肯定有发

9、展潜力。 astonish vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊(教材P19)It astonished him to see the bacteria surrounding the mould dead, which meant that the mould had killed them.令他十分惊讶的是，他发现这种霉周围的细菌都死了，这意味着这种霉杀死了它们。(1)astonish sb. 使某人惊讶(2)astonished adj. 惊讶的，惊愕的astonishing adj. 令人吃惊的be astonished at/by 对感到惊讶(3)astonishment n. 惊讶，吃惊in/

10、with astonishment 惊奇地；惊愕地，惊讶地to ones astonishment 使某人惊讶的是It astonished me that no one had thought of it before.让我吃惊的是，以前没有人想到这件事。We were all astonished at the news that he had passed his driving test.听到他通过了驾照考试的消息，我们都感到十分惊讶。To my astonishment(astonish), the car was gone.令我吃惊的是，汽车不见了。 【导学号：95702010】

11、try out 测试，试验；参加选拔(教材P19)Fleming tried this mould out on another bacterium and found that it killed the bacterium too.弗莱明将这种霉用在另外一种细菌上做试验，发现它同样杀死了那种细菌。try sth.out on . 在上试验某物try out for 参加的选拔try on 试穿(衣物)try for 试图获得，力争赢得try to do sth. 尽力做某事try doing sth. 试着做某事His brothers example inspired him to tr

12、y out for the football team.他哥哥的榜样激励他去参加足球队的选拔。The boy cant wait to try on his new running shoes this weekend.这周，这个小男孩迫不及待地试穿他的新跑鞋。Try doing(do) the things you used to enjoy, such as reading or taking a walk in the park.尝试去做一些你过去很享受的事，比如阅读或者到公园去散步。 application n应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷(教材P19)He immediatel

13、y realized that the mould might have an application in treating illnesses caused by bacteria.他立刻意识到，这种霉菌或许可应用于治疗由细菌引起的疾病。(1)an application to sb.for sth. 为某事向某人申请(2)apply vi. 申请，请求；适用vt. 使用apply to 适用于apply (to.)for. (向)申请apply oneself to 致力于，专心于apply.to. 把运用于(3)applicant n. 申请人He made an applicatio

14、n to the manager for this post.他向经理申请这个职位。These principles apply to learning foreign languages.这些规则适用于学外语。As the wages were low，there were few applicants(apply) for the job.因为工资低，所以申请这份工作的人几乎没有。 effective adj.有效的；实际的，事实上的；生效的(教材P19)Second, it was difficult to produce penicillin in the ample quantiti

15、es needed to be effective.第二，生产出足量的青霉素以使它发挥药效并非易事。(1)effect n 作用，效果have an effect on 对有影响come into effect 生效；开始实行put.into effect 使生效in effect 实际上(2)affect v. 影响The new law will come into effect at the start of September.新的法令将在九月初开始生效。In effect, despite being made aware of what to do, they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.实际上，尽管知道要做什么，他们还是太害