英语专业四级写作讲解 共5讲第二讲 问题解决型作文专项训练文档格式.docx

1、有些却隐含在标题中，如My Idea of a Successful Interview 隐含“怎样使面试获得成功”这一命题，2005年的真题My Idea of a University Arts Festival 实际上可理解为How to Organize a University Arts Festival If Im in Charge.历年真题有2005-My Idea of a University Arts Festival2002-The Best Way to Stay Healthy1998-One Way to Solve the Problem这类命题的统一提纲模式是

2、：第一段：引言。 对现状、形势或困难的描述，提出问题。第二段：原因、途径与方法。列举做某事的途径或问题解决的种种方法。第三段：评价或选择。对第二段中提及的途径进行简要评价，或选取其中一两种自己认为合适的方法、途径，并简要阐述其依据。模版分析范文一Directions: Beijing has enacted a new citywide public smoking ban since May 1,2008. The new regulation extends the smoking ban to more public venues and indoor areas in medical

3、facilities, elementary, secondary and primary schools, museums, business halls, public transportation, cultural heritage sites, and sports venues and fitness centers. What do you think is the best way to fight with smoking?Nowadays, public smoking has become a matter of concern. Many passersby are r

4、eluctant to inhale the smoke from the smokers around them. The governments have tried many ways to ban smoking in public, but the result is not satisfying. A new citywide smoking ban has been released recently in Beijing. It is said that people could not smoke at public places like sports venues, me

5、dical facilities, schools, cultural heritages sites and etc. I fully agree with this regulation because I think it is the most effective way to fight against smoking now in China.The benefits for my idea can be generalized to two major ones. First of all, banning smoking in public protects the healt

6、h of nonsmokers. As everyone knows, smoking is harmful to ones health. It causes many diseases such as lung cancer. Smokers, of course, should take the full responsibility for their voluntary choice. However, it is not fair for nonsmokers when they have to bear the smell of smoke and later the disea

7、ses caused by others smoking. Another benefit is that it deters kids from becoming smokers. These regulations are basically sending a message that smoking in public places is no longer socially acceptable, and it decreases the appeal of smoking to adolescents. Kids perceptions of how many people are

8、 smoking are a major factor for them to decide whether theyll smoke.In my view, the smoking ban will be the best method to reduce smoking.常用句式一、 列出现象句型1. Recently the problem of has been concerned by plenty of people./ Nowadays, people are beginning to realize that/ When asked about, most people wou

9、ld/ According to a recent survey/Many experts point out that/ An investigation shows that2. There is no denying the fact that/ With the rapid development ofmore and more people/One of the burning problems confronting our society today is/ is one of the most important issue in the world at present./

10、If we are blind to the problem3. It is true that/ People think of . as/ It is horrifying to think/ It is quite safe to say/ Much is said about/It seems quite likely.二、 概述方法句型1. The best way to is/ One of the most effective way to solve this problem is/ In order to solve this problem, we should/ The

11、phenomenon has aroused public attention to/ effective measures should be taken2. Several factors affect heavily/ The task demands immediate attention/But the cause for the problem go far deeper./ There is no easy method to the problem./ Proper measures must be taken.三、 详细策略句型1. First of all, we shou

12、ld. Secondly.Last but not least/In the first place.Secondly.2. Most importantly, we should./ According to.we should./ General attitude towardis that/ The issue should be approached in a new way/ As is evidenced/ Moreover, if / Another method is/ Furthermore四、 总结概括句型1. In sum, in order to solve the p

13、roblem, we should/ From what has been discussed above, we may come to the conclusion that/ Taking into account all these factors, we may draw the conclusion that./ We may have a long way to go before.便条写作写作要领便条是一种简便的非正式的信函，主要作用是传递消息、发布通知、提出邀请、表达感谢、征询意见等。鉴于便条的评分标准有格式、内容、语言以及语言得体性四个方面。第一 格式固定四个部分：第一是日

14、期；第二是称谓；第三是便条主题；第四是署名，缺一不可。常见问题忘记写日期、导致不必要的失分。第二 信息明确从内容上来讲，便条内容要明确，例如邀请类便条的时间、地点和事由必须很明确、不写或漏写都会导致失分。第三 语言通俗语言一般通俗易懂，接近口语，所以要避免过于书面化的语言。例如 We are greatly honored to write to you. Having been living on the campus for a whole year, we have happily witnessed the great changes here.中，用了非谓语动词作为时间状语的复杂结构

15、Having been living on the campus for a whole year， 这是正式的语言结构，但是对便条不需那么正式。第四 内容得体 从语言得体性上来讲，便条的语言要区分对象，使用不同的礼貌语言。写便条的目的是利用简洁的非正规的书面语解决实际生活中的问题，如拒绝、感谢等。因此，考生面对便条写作，必须仔细审题，明确考题要求，即能够回答这样的问题-我是谁，便条的收件人是谁，我希望收件人看了便条后了解什么，去做什么，怎样去做？便条主要考的是“特定的格式，特定的句式，特定的内容”。特定的格式和特定的句式基本上是“约定俗成”的，写生必须“了然于胸”。至于特定的内容，便条写作中

16、的提示是至关重要的。提示限定了便条写作的内容和对象，增加或遗漏内容都导致失分，因此，认真阅读提示并按提示要求来写便条是高分的最基本前提。第一邀请类邀请类便条内容包括宴会、舞会、晚餐、聚会、婚礼等，形式上分为正式和非正式。一般在专四考试中为一般的形式，书写时有以下要求：1、 时间、地点和场合一定要清楚，不能让对方有疑问。时间一定要写明年月日并精确到时刻，以保证被邀请者能够安排好时间。场合也一定要写清楚。2、 语言要注意礼貌用语，以表尊敬。如写给同辈，用语可相对轻松，如写给长辈或上级，用语则要正式、礼貌。内容包括：1、 诚挚邀请对方参加某一活动。2、 概括介绍活动的内容和安排。3、 再次表示诚意。

17、注意事项：1、 在纸张的右上方注明日期。2、 另起一行，在最左边写称呼。根据两者之间的关系，写着合适的称呼。3、 下一行空两格写主体，要注明什么时间在哪里有什么事情发生，然后询问被邀请者能否参加。4、 最后在右下方署名。邀请类便条的四步：1. 告知 There will beWe have held I want to tell you that.2. 解释 in the Beijing Grand Theater tomorrow evening3. 询问 If you are interested in it4. 确认 Please let me know whether you are

18、prevented from coming or not.范文解析1. Your friend Mary interests in musical performance very much. Occasionally you have got two admission cards to the Italian National Bands performance. Tell her the exact time, place and other details. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and app

19、ropriateness. July 1Dear Mary, The Italian National Band will give a performance in the Beijing Grand Theater tomorrow evening. I think you may like to watch it. If you are interested in it, I will leave you an admission card. The performance will begin at seven oclock sharp. If you come with me, I

20、will wait for you at the theatre entrance. Please let me know whether you are prevented from coming or not. John范文2 May 5, 2009Dear Mrs. Li, We should be very much pleased if you and Mr. Li would dine with us on Wednesday at 7 oclock. （诚挚邀请对方参加晚宴）It will be quite a small party, as we have only asked

21、 Mr and Mr. Anderson and Miss Chang Ling, all close friends of ours.（简单介绍晚宴的内容和参加者）. We trust you will be disengaged（自由的） and able to give us the pleasure of your company.（再次表示诚意）练习1. Directions: you want to go shopping this Sunday to buy some clothes. Write to your best friend Lily a note to invite

22、 her to go shopping with you and ask her whether she wants to go to the shopping mall.2. Directions: Professor Robert is an expert in English literature in your university. As one of the organizers of the “English Culture Festival”, you want to invite him to give a speech at the opening ceremony. Wr

23、ite an invitation note to inform him of the detailed time and place.作业： Nowadays, the society is rapidly developing, at the same time, the working people are putting under more burden than before. To lessen pressure, different people have different methods. Whats your ways of reducing stress? Write a composition of about 200 words on the following topic: The Best Way of Reducing Stress