人教版中考英语专题复习导学案非谓语动词专题文档格式.docx

1、To get an injection is a little painful ._ a little painful _ _ an injection4.动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语放在被修饰词之后 名词或代词+to do（介词）若构成的不定式的动词为不及物动词时，其后加上相应的介词。I want a pen to write _. I want a piece of paper to write _.5.动词不定式与疑问词连用疑问词+ to do sth 在宾语从句中，若主从句的主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+to do sth”.Can you tell me how I ca

2、n get to the hospital ?Can you tell me _ _ _ the hospital.6.动词不定式可作状语1）.动词不定式可作目的状语 在come / go / leave 后面接动词不定式作目的状语。He came here _（get）his book.2）.动词不定式可作原因状语表语形容词（sorry/sad/happy/ glad /afraid/ pleased）后与动词不定式连用作原因状语He was glad _（see） his wife. He told me_（not stay） here.9.动词不定式符号的省略和保留情况。1）.动词不定式

3、符号的省略情况若两个或两个以上的不定式并列时，第一个不定式符号不能省略，其余的省掉to .但两者有对比关系时，to都不能省略。Edisons mother taught him to write and read .I havent decided to go home or to go to the cinema.2）省掉不定式而保留动词不定式符号to的情况。Will you take a walk with me ? Im glad to .Would you like to join my birthday party ?I would love to .二、动名词（主动，经常性）1.动

4、名词相当于一个名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Reading in bed _（be） bad for your eyes.2.有些动词或动词短语后面，只能接动名词作宾语。（见附录2）3.动名词作表语可以和主语互换位置。 4.动名词作定语强调中心名词的用途。 A waiting room三、现在分词（强调主动，进行，经常性）1.现在分词常放在see, hear ,watch ,notice 等之后作宾补。I saw the boy_（play）in the street just now .2.现在分词作定语常放在被修饰词之前，现在分词短语要放在被修饰词后面，相当于一个定语从句。A sleep

5、ing baby = a baby who is sleeping .Did you know the man talking to Mr Li?=Did you know the man who was talking to Mr Li?3.现在分词表伴随情况He came into the classroom ,carrying a book.四、过去分词（强调被动，完成性）1.作宾补 have /get +sth +done 表示请别人干某事I had my TV repaired last night .2.作定语单一的过去分词作定语，要放在被修饰词的前面，过去分词短语作定语要放在被修

6、饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。Have you ever read any books written by Luxun?Have you ever read any books _ _ written by Luxun?3.作表语 过去分词作表语已经形容词化My cup is broken .非谓语动词考点1. to+动词原形，和，动词ing形式，不能在句子中作谓语，因此称为非谓语动词。2. “to+动词原形”作主语 例: To learn a foreign language is not easy. = Its not easy to learn a foreign language.

7、学一门外语不容易。（it= to learn a foreign language）比较：Its kind of you to think so much of us. 你为我们考虑这么多真是太好了。 Its hard for you to study English well. 对你来说，学好英语是很困难的。说明：for sb 句型通常使用表示客观情况的形容词（easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, interesting） of sb. 句型通常使用表示主观感情，人品的形容词（good, kind, nice, clever, foolish

8、, right, wrong, careful）3. “to+动词原形”作定语 Have you got anything to eat? 你有吃的东西吗？（to eat限定anything） There is nothing for us to worry about. 没有什么好担心的。（to worry about 限定nothing）4. “to+动词原形”作宾语 He wanted to borrow my radio. 他想借我的收音机。 We find it easy to do the work. 我们发现做那件工作很容易。（it= to do the work）注意比较：I

9、dont know what to do. 我不知道该做什么？ I dont know how to do it. 我不知道该怎样做这件事？5. “to+动词原形”作状语，常用于下列句型例：I am sorry to hear it. （表示原因） 听到这件事我很难过。 He is too young to go to school. （表示结果）他太小而不能上学。She is old enough to go to school. （表示结果）她足够大去上学。 He got up very early to catch the early bus. （表示目的）他起床很早去赶早班车。6. “

10、to+动词原形”作宾补He wanted me to call again. （to call again 作me这个宾语的补足语）注意：有些动词后作宾补的to应该省掉,常见的有：feel感觉 hear 听见 make使某人做/ have使某人做let 使某人做- see 看见/ watch 观看，看见/ help后 to省掉不省掉均可 例: I will have the student clean the window. 我将让那个学生打扫窗户。It is interesting to watch other people play chess. 看被人下棋很有趣。7. “to+动词原形”

11、可放在疑问词后 例：We must decide whether to go or stay. I really dont know what to write about.= I really dont know what I should write about. The question is where to put it.= The question is where we should put it. I asked him how to learn English.= I asked him how we should learn English.8. 否定式为：not +不定式

12、 例：Please tell him not to be late. 请告诉他不要迟到。9. 某些动词后只能用“to+动词原形”：tell/ ask/ want/decide/ hope/ wish/ learn/ agree/ fail/ plan/ promise/ refuse/ I learned to skate last year. 去年我学会了滑冰。1. “动词ing形式”作主语 Eating too much is bad for your health.= Its bad for your health eating too much. 吃太多对健康有坏处。 （it= eat

13、ing too much）2. 作宾语 例: He likes reading storybooks. 他喜欢读故事书。3. 作定语 例：the man selling the newspapers 正在卖报纸的男人。4. 作宾补 例：I found the students playing basketball on the playground. 我发现学生们正在操场上大篮球。5. 有些动词后只用“动词ing”形式，,常见的有：finish/ enjoy/ mind / practice/ keep/ miss（错过）/ consider（考虑） I enjoy playing footb

14、all very much. 我非常喜欢踢足球。6. 有些动词后既可用 “to+动词原形”，又可用“动词ing形式”，意义有差别，常见的有 He likes listening to music = He likes to listen to “Happy Birthday to you.” They prefer walking to cycling.=I prefer to stay at home today. love/begin/ start/continue/ like/ prefer/ hate这七个单词用法和区别都一样I saw him play basketball on t

15、he playground. 我看见他在操场上打了篮球的。 （动作已完成） I saw him playing basketball then. 那时我看见他正在操场上打篮球。（动作正进行）I heard him sing a song. 我听过他唱了一首歌。 I heard him singing a song at that time. 那时我听见他正在唱歌。 （动作正进行）When the teacher came in ,they stopped talking. 当老师进来的时候，他们停止了讨论。 （停止正在做的事情：讨论） After they listened to the te

16、acher, they stopped to talk. 在他们听了老师讲课之后，他们停止听，开始讨论。 （停止一件事，去做另一事）Dont forget to close the door. 不要忘了关门。（门还没关） （忘记该做而没做的事） I forgot mending the broken bike. 我忘了曾修理过那辆坏自行车。（曾修理过）（忘记已经做过的事）Please remember to post the letter for me. 请记得为我邮寄这封信。（寄信这件事还没有做） （记得该做而没做的事）I remembered posting the letter for

17、you. 我记得已为你邮寄了信。（寄信这件事已做了） （记得已经做过的事）7. 非谓语动词考点聚焦1 固定句型：Jim prefers reading to watching TV. 比起看电视，吉姆更喜欢读书。=Jim prefers to read rather than watch TV.2 固定句型：I would rather stay at home than go out. 我宁愿呆在家，而不愿意出去。=I would stay at home rather than go out.3 固定句型：某人+have +fun （trouble） +doing.The students

18、 have fun playing football. 学生们打篮球玩的高兴。4 在序数词后只用不定式：Jim was the first one to come here. 吉姆是第一个到这里的人。5 would like= would love 后只用“to+动词原形”的形式：I would like to have a swim with you. 我愿意跟你一起去游泳。6 下列词组中to是介词，后只用动词ing形式be used to doing习惯于做- 例：Jim is used to getting up early.look forward to doing 期望做- 例：I

19、am looking forward to seeing you again.pay attention to doing 全神贯注做- 例：We should pay attention to studying English.make a contribution to doing 做贡献做- 例：Well make a contribution to protecting it.say no to doing 对-说不 例：We should say no to smoking. 7 下列词组中用动词ing形式be worth doing值得做- 例：This book is worth

20、 reading.be busy doing 忙于做- 例：Jim is busy cleaning his room.feel like doing喜欢做- 例：I feel like eating noodles.cant help doing 忍不住做- 例：After he reads the story, Jim cant help laughing.【非谓语动词】练习1. 【15泰州】I feel stressed from time to time. Could you give me some advice? sharing your worries with your par

21、ents? A. Why dont you B. How about C. Why not D. Would you like2. 【15宜宾】Would you mind _ in the dining hall? Of course not. A. not to smoke B. not smoking C. smoke D. not smoke 3. 【15雅安】Students should learn how problems.A. solve B. solving C. can solve D. to solve4. 【15雅安】Can you finish these books

22、 before 10 oclock? 一Yes, I can.A. to read B. read C. reads D. reading5. 【15临沂】My parents often tell me too much junk food because its bad for my health.A. not eating B. not to eat C. eating D. to eat6. 【15杭州】Shes not strong enough _ walking up mountains.A. to go B. going C. go D. went7. 【15重庆】He los

23、t his keyIt made him _in the cold to wait for his wifes returnAto stay B stayed Cstays Dstay8. 【15邵阳】 What about a rest? Lets go for a walk. A. to take B. take C. taking9. 【15衢州】Many children are left alone in the countryside. Lets try our best them.A. help B. helping C. to help D. helps10. 【15内江】Ou

24、r English teacher often says to us, “_ English well is very important”A. Learn B. Learning C. Learned D. To learning11. 【15内江】He hurried back home _ his schoolbag. A. fetched B. to fetch C. fetching D. fetches12. 【15青岛】Excuse me. Could you please tell me _ my car?Sure. Park it right here. Ill help y

25、ou.A. how to stop B. where to park C. where to stop D. when to park13. 【15福州】Nick, would you mind _ out of the bathroom? Sorry. I wont be long.A. come B. to come C. coming14. 【15湛江】Why not to the park now?Good idea! Lets go. A. go B. to go C. goes D. going15. 【15滨州】Would you like camping with me? Id

26、 like to. But Im busy my homework.A. to go; to do B. to go; doing C. going; to do D. going; doing16. 【15泰安】Why is Linlin practicing speaking English? _ abroad for further study. A. Go B. Gone C. To go D. Goes 17. 【15凉山】Everyone may feel time very quickly when they do something interesting.A. go by B

27、. to go by C. went by18. 【15广安】Im looking forward to _my parents soon. What about you? Me tooA. seeing B. see C. saw19. 【15 上海】Even Tonys granddaughter, a five-year-old girl, asked him _smoking.A. give up B. gave up C. to give up D. giving up20. 【15上海】The retired couple enjoy _ photos. They always go out with their camerasA. take B. took C. to take D. taking21. 【15济宁】I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you?I havent decided where _.A. go B. went C. going D. to go22. 【15江西】Lucy is shy. She would not invite her classmates _dancing with her.A. practi