外研版八年级上册M2知识点总结Word格式.docx

1、num. 百万 如果表示具体的数字，用基数词+million （million不能加s） millions of 表示：数百万的 The country has a population of 100 million. 这个国家有一亿人口。 There were millions of people in the square. 广场上有好多好多人。类似million的词还有： hundred 百thousand 千 billion 十亿 pretty 原文再现 Pretty good! 很好！基本用法 1. pretty adv.相当地；很；非常，常用于口语中。 After six mont

2、hs, I could speak Chinese pretty well. 6个月之后,我就能讲相当好的汉语了。 2. pretty adj.漂亮的。 What a pretty little garden!多么漂亮的小花园！ than So its a newer city than HongKong? 这么说它是一个比香港更新的城市？ than prep.比。在含than的句子中，形容词或副词一般要用比较级。 Tom is taller than his sister. 汤姆比他的妹妹高。 get 原文再现 Its getting bigger and busier. 它变得更大、更繁忙

3、。v. 得到，拿到，（做系动词）变得（过去式：got 过去分词： got/gotten 现在分词：getting第三人称单数：gets） I got a letter from Lucy this morning. 我今天早上收到露西一封信。 As you get old, your memory gets worse. 当你变老的时候，你的记忆力会变差。 north north n. 北，北方 Birds usually migrate from north to south. 鸟类通常由北向南迁徙。 其他的表示方向的单词有： south n. 南，南方 east n. 东，东方 west

4、n. 西，西方“in+the+方位名词+of”表示：在.的.边。 Hainan is in the south of China. 海南在中国的南部。 知识拓展 方位介词的使用 in表示在内部，若两地接壤、毗邻，则用介词on；若两地有距离间隔，则用介词to。 Hunan is on the west of Jiangxi. 湖南在江西的西边。 Henan is to the north of Hunan. 河南在湖南的北边。 hometown My home town is especially famous for its university. 我的家乡尤以它的大学而闻名。n. 家乡 I

5、spent my early childhood in my hometown. 我在故乡度过了自己的孩提时代。 especially My home town is especially famous for its university.especially 尤其，常用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。 I love the country, especially in spring. 我喜欢这乡村，尤其是在春天。 Christmas is a time of mirth, especially for children. 圣诞节是个快乐的日子，尤其是对孩子们。 be famous for My

6、hometown is especially famous for its university. be famous for意为“以而闻名。” Austria is famous for its music. 奥地利以音乐而闻名。知识拓展-词义辨析：be famous for/be famous as 1. be famous for意为：因为.而出名 Dunhuang is famous for its mural art.敦煌以它的壁画艺术而闻名。 2. be famous as 意为：作为.而出名 Zhang Yimou is famous as a director. 张艺谋是位名导

7、演。 university n. 大学 Her dream to enter the famous university came true. 她要进入名牌大学学习的梦想实现了。 at university 意为：在上大学时 Shes studying engineering at university.她正在大学学习工程学。 island England itself is part of an island, and you are always near the sea. 英格兰本身是岛的一部分，你总是在大海边。n. 岛，岛屿 Wales is in the southwest of t

8、he British Island. 威尔士在大不列颠岛的西南部。 area Tourists like the area of low mountains and beautiful lakes in the north, and the hills and pretty villages in the south. 游客们喜欢北方低矮的山区和美丽的湖泊，南部的小山和美丽的村庄。n. 地区 This area has very low rainfall. 这个地区雨量稀少。 low adj. 低的，低落的 She put it down on the low table. 她把它放在了矮桌上

9、。知识拓展-反义词 high adj. 高的，高级的The sun was high in the sky, blazing down on us. 太阳高挂在空中，火辣辣地照在我们身上。 mountain n. 山，高山 The mountain tops are covered with snow. 白雪覆盖着山顶。 countryside Everywhere in England, you will notice how green the countryside is. 不论在英格兰哪儿，你都能注意到乡村那么绿。n. 乡下，乡村 They lived a tranquil life

10、in the countryside. 他们在乡下过着宁静的生活。 umbrella So come and see England at any time of the year, but bring an umbrella with you. 所以在一年中任何时间你都可以来看英格兰，但要带把雨伞。n. 雨伞 An umbrella will protect you from the rain. 雨伞可以保护你不致雨淋。二、重点句型 Some day it will become as busy as Hong Kong. 有一天它将变得跟香港一样繁华。 本句采用了同级比较的肯定结构“as+

11、形容词/副词原形+ as.意为：跟.一样. I can run as fast as Tom. 我跑得跟汤姆一样快。 This square is as big as that one. 这个广场跟那个广场一样大。知识拓展 同级比较的否定结构为： not as/so+形容词/副词原形+ as.跟.不一样.，不如. As you get old, your memory gets worse. 当你变老的时候，你的记忆力会变差。 Whats the population of Shenzhen? 深圳的人口是多少？ Whats the population of ?意为“某地的人口是多少？”，“

12、How large is the population of?”也可以表示 相同的意思。要表示“某地有多少人口”时可用：The population of some place be /Someplace has a population of+数词+（people）。如： The population of Australia is more than twenty million. =Australia has a population of more than twenty million. 澳大利亚有2000多万人口。 Its streets are much wider and cl

13、eaner too. 街道也会更加宽阔、整洁。 much 意为：很，非常，可用于比较级前，表示程度，加强语气。像much一样可以修饰比较级的词或 短语还有：even, far, rather, a little, a lot等。 This building is a little taller than that tree. 这幢建筑比那棵树高一点。 Id like to go there one day. 我想有一天去那里。 本句为：would like to do sth.，意为“想要做某事”。 Many people would like to take holidays abroad.

14、 许多人愿意到国外度假。知识拓展-相关短语 would like sth. 想要某物 Would you like a drink? 你想喝一杯吗？ would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事I would like him to do it. 我想要他做这事。 Remember to visit the Diwang Tower. 记得去看帝王大厦。 remember to do sth意为：记得要去做.（事情还未做） Remember to turn out the lights before you go to bed. 临睡前别忘了关灯。知识拓展-词义辨析：re

15、member to do sth 和remember doing sth. 1.remember to do sth 意为：记得还没有做的事。 Remember to call me when you get home. 记得到家给我打电话。 2. remember doing 意为：记得之前做过的事情I remember meeting you somewhere. 我记得在哪儿见过你。 England itself is part of an island, and you are always near the sea. 本句中反身代词itself做主语England的同位语。反身代词用

16、作同位语时，主要用于加强被修饰词的语气，可 紧放在被修饰名词后或句末。 He himself was a doctor. 他是位医生。 The story itself is interesting, but its a little difficult for children. 故事本身很有趣，但是对孩子们来说有点难。 It is never very hot in summer or very cold in winter. 夏天不是太热，冬天也不是太冷。 本句中never意为”从不“，因此句子为否定句，在否定句中用or表示并列。 I dont have sisters or broth

17、ers. 我没有弟弟，也没有妹妹。 We cant live without air or water. 没有水和空气，我们生存不下去。出题建议 题型可选择单选、完成句子，并在关键词中输入：or。 So come and see England at any time of the year, but bring an umbrella with you. 本句中 at any time of the year“意为：在一年的任何时间，any放在肯定句中意为：任何。 Choose any one you like. 任你挑选一个。 You are welcome to visit the ho

18、spital at any time. 你可以随时来医院。出题建议 题型选择完成句子，并在关键词中输入：三、重点语法 形容词的比较级 当我们需要对事物进行比较时，需要用到比较级。 形容词的比较级的句子结构通常是： A+ 动词be （am , is , are ） + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ B ,如： Im taller and heavier than you. 我比你更高和更重。 An elephant is bigger than a tiger. 一只大象比一只老虎更大。比较级的规则变化 1. 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong -

19、stronger 2. 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine finer 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier 4. 重读闭音节单词，双写最后的字母再加er，如big bigger, thin thinner , hot hotter不规则变化 除此之外，还有几个特殊的单词，它的比较级和最高级都是不规则的。many/much- more-most little-less-least good/well-better-best bad/badly-worse-worst far-farther/further-farthest/furthest基本句型 进行选择性比较时，用“Which/Who+谓语动词+形容词比较级，A or B?”句型，意为“A和B中哪一个/ 谁更？ Who is taller, your sister or your brother? 谁更高，你妹妹还是你弟弟？不规则变化比较级的规则变化基本句型