新概念英语第二册笔记 第71课Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、官员，行政人nofficial格林威nGreenwich天文observatoryn检vcheck麦克扩音器microphonenntower 【生词讲解】 parliament 国会 1. the Houses of Parliament 国会大厦英国的（ ） Member of Parliament 国会议员 Eg: Parliament today approved the policy, but it has not yet become law. 现在国会通过政策，但是政策还没有变成法律。2. Erect v. 建造，树立，建起 V. erect a monument建立纪念碑 1）

2、 竖起，搭起 erect a tent搭起帐篷 The building was erected in 1900-1901. 此建筑是在1900年到1901年间建造的。 Demonstrators have erected barricades in roads leading to the parliament building. 示威者在去往国会大楼的路上竖起了路障。 We all unconsciously erect barriers between each other. 我们都不知不觉的在彼此之间竖起了隔阂 2） adj.竖立的，垂直的，直立的 stand erect直立 Hold

3、 your head erect. 把头挺直。3. accurate adj. 精确的，准确的 an accurate clock, map准确的钟，地图 His description was accurate. 他的叙述很准确。the is this that stressed have Police Eg:most accurate description of the killer 警察强调说这就是杀人犯最为精确的描述了。 Journalists are not always accurate in what they write. 新闻工作者的报道并非一贯准确。take accura

4、te aim瞄得准 an accurate dimension精确的尺寸 accurately adv. accuracy n. 4. Official 1）官方的 Official affairs 公务,公事 Official funds 公款 Official documents官方文件 an official announcement官方公告 an official website官方网站 The official reason given for the Presidents absence was sickness. 对于总统的缺席，官方给出的原因是生病了。2）官员 A senior

5、 UN official hopes to visit Baghdad this month. 联合国的一个高级官员希望这个月去访问巴格达。5. Greenwich n. 格林尼治/格林威治 Greenwich Mean Time世界时（也叫格林尼治/格林威治时间）缩写GMT 6. observatory n. 天文台，气象台 1）observe vt. 庆祝=celebrate How do you observe Childrens Day? 你如何庆祝儿童节？vt. 观察；遵守；说；注意到；评论 Someone who doesnt observe traffic regulations

6、 will sweat. 不遵守交通规则者必将要吃苦头。and learn Eg: We can observe our kids more about them. 我们就可以观察我们的孩子，更多地了解他们。 2）Observer n 观察者Eg:I think thats what I learned from him: how to be an observer. 我想这是我从他那里学到的：怎么做一个观察者。3） observatory 天文台，气象台 7. Check 检查，核对 Check the accuracy of everything in your CV. 检查你的简历上每处

7、都是准确的。 I think there is an age limit, but I have to check. 我觉得是有年龄限制的，但是我需要查一下 I shall need to check with the duty officer 我要与执勤管核对一下。 He must check his work more carefully because its full of mistakes. 他检查工作时要再仔细一些，因为到处是错。check in/check out 入房登记，退房办理 check in ones luggage 托运行李 check （up） on sb. 调查某

8、人的行为，背景等 The police are checking up on him.警方正在调查他 检查点check-point 清单checklistn. hold/keep sth in check 抑制，约束，制止 keep my temper in check控制我自己不发脾气 8. Microphone 麦克风，扩音器，话筒 I keep these songs in my head until I get behind the microphone. 直到站在话筒前我一直是将这些歌记在脑中。 Record a CD. If you have a computer and micr

9、ophone, all you need is your talent. 做一张CD唱片。如果你拥有电脑和麦克风，所有你需要的只是你的才能。Would you like to talk to me on the microphone, instead of typing in the chatroom. 你愿意用麦克风跟我讲话，而不是在聊天室里打字吗？9. Tower n 塔 The Tower of London stands in the East End of London. 伦敦塔位于伦敦的东区。 I felt dizzy when I looked down from the top

10、 of the television tower. 当我从电视塔顶往下看时，我感到头晕目眩。 【课文讲解】 first of the you visit London, one 1. When famous see is Big Ben, the you things will clock which can be heard all over the world on the B.B.C. famous London was once famous for its fogs. 伦敦曾以多雾而闻Eg:Brighton is famous as a bathing place. 布来顿以海水浴场

11、驰名 B.B.C. =British Broadcasting Corporation 英国广播公司 在电视上看到，在广播里听到都用on。 I saw him on TV last night. 昨天晚上我看到他上电视了。when 引导的时间状语从句。one of +名词复数 （前面可以用序数词，最高级等修饰） one of the most famous singers you will see 是定语从句 ，作things 的定语。省that. ，只能用that略了Big Ben 和the famous clock 同位语 which can be heard 定语从句 an be hea

12、rd 情态动词的被动语态 2. If the Houses of Parliament had not been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected. If 引导的非真实条件句（详见key structure） 对过去事情的虚拟：If +从句（过去完成时）， 主句（would have done）If I had worked harder at school, I would have got a better job .虚拟语气很重 对现在事情的虚拟要，左边是最最would （一般过去时），主

13、句If +从基本的考点。 ）doI your Eg:If I were in position, would act differently . Eg:If you saw him now you wouldnt recognizehim . 现实情况 错综时间下的用法：过去条件+he doctors he Eg: If had taken the advice, should not be ill now. 要是当初听了医生的话，他现在就不会生病了。time, in comehadnt doctor the If Eg:patient would be dead by now. 大夫及时到了

14、，病人得救了。burn down 使（烧成平地），烧毁 The hospital was burned down last month. 那家医院上个月被烧毁了。burn烧坏，烧伤，烧焦，烫伤,晒伤 The soup is very hot. Dont burn your mouth. 汤很热，别烫伤了你的嘴。 Sorry,Ive burnt the sausage. 对不起，我把香肠给烤焦了。Burn for sth.（通常用于进行时态。表示极欲做某事） He is burning for avenging the death of his father. 他心急如焚要报杀父之仇。 burn

15、 ones boats/bridges断某人后路，破釜沉舟 burn the midnight oil开夜车 burn oneself out筋疲力尽或损害了自己的健康（指劳累过度） If he doesnt stop working so hard,hell burn himself out. 他继续这样拼命工作，就会累垮的。Big Ben takes its name from Sir Benjamin 3.Hall who was responsible for the making of the clock when the new Houses of Parliament were

16、being built. take its name from 以命名 The Hubble telescope takes its name from Hubble . Sir Benjamin Hall sir+人的全名 表示爵士。Sir Walter Scott who引导的定语从句 be responsible for 为负责 She is my child, and I am responsible for her. 她是我的孩子,我对她负责。the making of the clock = making the clock when 引导的时间状语从句 4. It is not

17、only of immense size, but is extremely accurate as well. not only but as well 不但而且 be +of +n. 用来表示人或物的特征。 We are of the same age . This letter is of great importance . 极其精确 extremely accurate （副词修饰形容词） 十分确信quite sure Officials from Greenwich Observatory have 5. the clock checked twice a day. H have

18、sb doing sth 让某人一直做 have sb do = let sb do =make sb do 让某人做某事 have sth to do 有什么事情要做 让某事被做 have sth done （让别人做） = ask sb to do sth 6On the B.B.C. you can hear the clock when it is actually striking because microphones are rarely gone wrong. strike v. 敲钟，打，打击（struck ,struck） connect to 这里是被动语态 the cl

19、ock tower 钟塔 rarely adv. 几乎不 go wrong （with sth.） 出错，出故障，（机器等）发生故障/出毛病 My watch/the engine of the car has gone wrong. Something has gone wrong with my car. 6. Once, however, it failed to give the correct time. A painter who had been working on the tower hung a pot of paint on one of the hands and sl

20、owed it down!fail to do sth. 没有做某事，未履行做某事，失败做某事 给予正确的时间 give the correct time the on been working painter 7. A who had 引导的定语从句who 过去完成进行时had been doing hang sth. on sth. a pot of paint 一桶油漆 slow down让某物慢下来。in while driving his car down He Eg: slowed heavy traffic. 【关键词组摘录】7. extremely accurate 1. al

21、l over the world 8. have the clock checked 9. be connected to 2. burn down 10. go wrong 11. fail to do sth s name from 3. take one12. slow it down 4. be responsible for 5. not only, but also 6. of immense size 【Key structure】 虚拟语气详细讲义 语法：虚拟语气： 一虚拟语气的定义 而是说表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，虚拟语气：话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如： If I

22、 were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。I wish I could pass the examination. 我 希望我能通过考试。May you succeed!祝您成功！二虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法。条件从句有两类，一是真实条件句，另一是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件句，这种情况下谓语用陈述语气。if有表示“如果”的意思如：If time permits, well go fishing together.如果时间允许，我们就一起去钓鱼。 （主将从现） 如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是

23、虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。If you had come yesterday, you would have met that famous professor. 如果你昨天来，你就会见到那位著名的教授了。（隐含的事实是：你昨天没来，也没见到那位著名教授） 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主从句的谓语都要用虚拟 语气，现将其形式列表如下：区分 条件从句 主句 主语过去If语与现在主（从

24、句中系动词式would/should/could相事实were多用be动词原形 反 形式haI主语would/should/coul过去分hav过去分主语过I/shoulwould/should/coul/were动词原动词原to动词形式 时间从句主句 与现在事实相反动词过去式从句用过去式（be的过去式用were） 主句would（could/should/might）+动词原形 与过去事实相反从句用had+动词过去分词 主句用would（could/should/might）+have过去分词 与将来事实可能相反动词过去式 从句用should+动词原形 主句用would（could/shou

25、ld/might）+动词原形 形原词动to+were 者或would（could/should/might）+动词原形 注：主句中的should只用于第一人称，但在美国英语中，should常被would代替；从句中的should可用于各种人称。1表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。If I were you, I should（would ,could, might）tell him the truth. 要是我是你，我就会告诉他真相了。（事实上我不是你） If she had time, would（could, might）help me. 如果她有时间，她就会帮我了。（事实上她没有时间） 2 表示与过去事实相反的假设和结