经营考试文档格式.docx

1、 , , .（ ） , , / 1900 .（ ）100 :, , .（100 , ）19, , .（ ） .（ ） .1900 /7., / 50.（1900 ） , , .（ ） , , / 1910 .（ 1910年 ）1900 1971 , / 2 1/3 / 1900 .（ ） , , , , .（ ）1975 500 / 25 , 21 20 / 1.（ ; 1975 , 500 ） 14/ 19001970 .（ ）1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?（A）Thecontributionsofdifferenttypesenergytodevelo

2、pmentfarming（B）importancesolarsuccessful（C）increaseincropyieldsince1900（D）objectiveagricultureearly1900s2.wordwhichreferstoagricultureenergyplantandanimalproductsfood3.convertisclosestmeaningconvincegatherlinktransform4.spendprocesspayforcollectuse Passage 3 The mineral discoveries of the nineteenth

3、 century in the United States stimulated settlement, forced the early formation of laws and government, created a demand for transportation, and lured labor and capital westward. Waves of pioneers swept into California, Nevada, Idaho, Montana, and the Dakota Territory seeking gold and silver.The pro

4、spectors who flocked to Sutters Mill found gold nuggets or gold dust in the rivers and streams. Placer mining washing the dirt from the stream in a pan, leaving the heavy grains of gold in the bottom required little labor, capital, or skill. If there was a large quantity of gold in the dirt, a woode

5、n box, or cradle, could be used to wash larger amounts of sand and dirt as it was rocked to and fro. Wooden cleats in the bottom of the box held the gold as the water and earth washed away. A group of prospectors might build a sluice, a series of long wooden boxes fitted with riffle bars across the

6、bottom. They diverted water from the creeks through the sluice, and the flowing water carried away the dirt and sand dumped into the sluice by the miners. Nuggets and dust remained trapped in the riffle bars. Muscle and sweat produced wealth for a few and created a true cornucopia of publicity to lu

7、re thousands to the West.The days of gold placer mining proved short-lived, however. As prospectors moved into the interior, into the mountain range called the Sierra Nevada and the area known as the Great Basin, gold and silver were found, but the minerals were locked in quartz lodes, or deposits,

8、buried deep in the earth. To reach this treasure, miners had to dig tunnels, install timber supports, and use pumps to remove water seeping into these subterranean labyrinths. Capital for mills to crush the quartz and for vessels of mercury to dissolve the gold came not from the prospectors but from

9、 investors in San Francisco, Philadelphia, and London. These investors formed the mining corporations that controlled the mills, tunnels, machinery, and transportation at the mines as well as the army of laborers. / 19 , , , .（ ） , .（ ） SuttersMill .（ ） , , .（ ） , , , , .（ ） .（ ） , .（ ） , . . ., .（ ） , SierraNevada , GreatBasin , ,