1、 vi. 调整,使适合【教材原句】The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.小屋内很黑,因此眼睛要过一阵才能适应过来。(1) In contrast, many of the people who became disabled learned to_ _ their new disabilities 与此相反,许多残疾人学会了适应他们的新残疾 (2) _the college life, the more progress you will make. 你越快适应大学的生活,取得的进步也会越大(1) adju
2、st to (2) The quicker you adjust yourself to (1)adjustto根据调整 adjust sb/oneself to 使某人/自己习惯于,适应adjust to (doing) sth 适应/习惯(做)某事 (2)make some adjustments 做些调整 考点3participate vi.参与,参加;分享,分担 【教材原句】As you laugh, the muscles participating in the laugh become active.当你笑的时候,参与笑的肌肉会活跃起来。(1) Everyone in the c
3、lass in expected _ _ _the discussion.希望全班同学参加讨论。 (2) I dont want to participate in the English party.我不想_英语晚会【答案】 (1) to participate in (2) 参加 participate in参加participate with sb. in sth.与某人分担某事participant n参加者,参与的人participation n参与;分享考点4otherwise conj.否则;不然 adv.用别的方法;其他方面 adj.别的,另外的;不同的【教材原句】The ch
4、ildren must have got lost in the woods, otherwise, they could have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.孩子们一定在树林里迷路了,要不然他们会按计划到湖边的宿营地的。Well go early,_ we may not get a seat.我们得早点去,要不然就没有座位了。I was ill that day,otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meet.那天我病了,_我会去参加运动会的。He is rich,but _an
5、unhappy man.他有钱,但在其他方面是个不幸福的人。【答案】otherwise否则 otherwise【易错提示】 otherwise 后面的分句中常用虚拟语气。We didnt know you were in trouble at that time,otherwise we would have given you a hand.我们当时不知道你遇到了困难,要不然我们会帮助你的。He is old and sick,otherwise he would be working.他老了也生病了,否则他会工作的。考点5donate vt.捐赠;赠送【教材原句】Would you lik
6、e to donate an unusual gift?你想赠送一份特殊的礼物吗?1 Dont forget to bring your drivers licence or another form of identification when you_. 当你捐款时不要忘记带上驾驶证或者其他的有效证件。 Mr Richey makes it a rule to make a big _to charity once a year. 里奇先生每年固定捐一大笔钱给慈善机构。【答案】donatedonation(1)donate sth to sb向某人捐赠某物donate sth to do
7、sth 为做某事而捐赠某物(2)make/give/present a donation to sb 捐赠给某人send a donation to 把捐款寄至【易混辨析】 contribute与donate contribute与donate虽然都可以解释为“捐献”,但contribute本质上却是“提供,贡献”的意思,而donate只能用在义务捐献上,比如献血、捐衣服等。【温馨提示】 donate常与介词to搭配,位于直接宾语前的介词to不能省略。用法类似的词语还有:introduce sb to sb;explain sth to sb 等。考点6voluntary adj. 自愿的;志
8、愿的;无偿的【教材原句】The gift you give me is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.(1)All the teachers work on an entirely _basis.所有的这些老师都是志愿工作的。(2)Do you wish us to deliver your purchases?你买的东西要我们_吗?(1)voluntary(2)送货on a voluntary basi
9、s在自愿的基础上volunteer for.自愿参加do voluntary work参加志愿工作volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事volunteer as.志愿当考点7purchase vt.& n. 购买;购买的物品【教材原句】When you purchase an item, we will send you an attractive card for you to send to your special person.当你买东西的时候,我们会寄给你一张吸引人的卡用于你送给你的特殊的人。(1)She made several _in the dress shop.她
10、在服装店买了几件衣服。(3)The ad strongly encourages people to purchase the silver coins by making a phone call. 这则广告强烈建议人们通过打电话_银币。(1)purchases(2)送货(3)购买(1)purchase by通过换取 purchase for 售价purchase with 用购买 (2)a good purchase/bargain 便宜货 make a purchase 买件东西 purchase and sale 买卖 【温馨提示】 purchase作“购买,购置”讲时是不可数名词,作
11、“买到的东西”讲时,是可数名词。如:That hat was a good purchase.那顶帽子买得好。He gives his son some money for the purchase of his school books.他给儿子一些钱买教科书。考点8distribution n. 分配;分发 【教材原句】The gift covers the cost of production and distribution of seedlings,这个礼物包括生产和分发幼苗的成本,。(1) Clothes and blankets have been distributed amo
12、ng the refugees.已经向难民_衣服和毯子。(2) The newspaper _ _free. 这份报纸免费散发。(1) 分发了 (2) is distributed(1)distribute sth to把某物分配、分发给distribute sth among 把某物分配、分发给(2)have a wide distribution 分布广泛 an unfair distribution 分配不公 the distribution of the magazine 这份杂志的发行量 【易混辨析】 assign,distribute,divide与allocate (1)assi
13、gn指按照某种原则进行的硬性分配,不一定是公平的。 They have assigned me a small room.他们已给我分配了一个小房间。 (2)distribute通常指将整体或按定量分为若干份。 During the war,all foods were distributed in a planned way.在战争中, 所有的食物都按计划分配。(3)divide普通用词,侧重将某物分成若干份后分配给他人;当某物一分为二时,含平均分配之意。 This class is too large, and we shall have to divide it. 这个班太大了, 我们得
14、把它分一分。 (4)allocate主要指金钱、财产、权力或领土等的分配,侧重分配的比例和专门用途。 You must allocate the money carefully. 你们必须谨慎地分配钱。考点9operate操作, 运转, 开动;起作用;动手术【教材原句】for community primary school that operate in poor or remote villages.在贫穷或者遥远的村庄开办的小学。(1) These efforts paid off, and Sparrow soon became one of the most successful f
15、astfood chains in the regions where it. 这些努力取得了成功,Sparrow迅速成为它经营地区的最成功的快餐连锁店之一。 (2) She was devoured with anxiety while her husband _ 当她丈夫正在接受手术治疗时,她焦虑万分。(1) operated (2) was being operated on(1)operate on sb 给某人做手术(2)in operation 工作中;使用中;有效perform an operation 做手术put sth into operation 实施;使运转come i
16、nto operation 开始工作;开始生效(3)operating system (计算机)操作系统operating table 手术台 operate作“开刀,动手术”讲时,是不及物动词,后面如果跟宾语,应用介词on;当表示“操作,使运行,经营,管理”时是及物动词。二、重点短语考点1come across 偶然遇到或发现;碰见【教材原句】The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows.那些以前从来没有遇到过类似事情的男孩子开始跳出窗户。(1)
17、I _ _an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning.今天早上我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友。(2) She came across some old photographs in a drawer.她在抽屉里_一些旧照片。(1)came across(2)偶然发现 同义词有meet with,meet.by chance,chance to meet,happen to meet,run into(碰见),knock into (撞见)等。另外,come across 还有“被理解;被传送;给人印象”的意思考点2(be) dying to
18、 do sth. 渴望做某事【教材原句】I know youre dying to hear all about my life here.我知道你急于了解我在这儿的生活情况。(1) I know you_ _ _ know what it is and where you can get one. 我知道你们非常想知道这是什么,从哪里可以买到。 (2) Mum was _(die) to know what the child was going on.(1)are dying to(2)dying(be) dying for sth 极想得到某物(be) eager to do/for 渴
19、望;想要(be) anxious to do/for 渴望;(be) thirsty to do/for 渴望;(be) keen to do 渴望做;想要做long for/to do 渴望;考点3in need在困难中,在危急中【教材原句】.bring hope for a better future to a community in need.给急需要帮助的社区带来改善未来的希望。(1) Thousands of people donated money and food to those_成千上万的人们捐钱和食物给那些需要的人。(2) We should help people in
20、 need. 我们应该帮助那些_ 帮助的人们。(1) in need (2) 需要be in need of.需要have need of/for需要have need to do sth.需要做某事There is no need to do sth. 没必要做某事in time of need在紧急的时候in danger处在危险中in trouble处于麻烦中in ruins废墟in use 被使用;在使用中in store 储存着,备用;必将到来,快要发生in return 作为回报in turn 依次;逐个地in vain 无结果,徒然in reality 事实上,实际上in dan
21、ger 处于危险之中(的)in hand 在手里(边);在进行中(的)考点4the other day 不久前的一天【教材原句】The other day I was showing the boys weekly chemistry experiment 几天前我正在向那些男孩子展示一周一次的化学实验(1) I met him in the street_ _ _.几天前我在街上遇见了他。(2)I had an odd experience the other day._我有一次奇怪的经历。(1) the other day (2) 几天前one day可指过去或将来,即可用于过去时态或将来
22、时态some day通常只指将来,即只用于将来时态注:有时虽然不是将来时态,但句子意思表示的是将来意义。Youre sure to regret one day. 你准有一天会后悔。考点5. dry out (使浸水等之物)完全变干;干透【教材原句】that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food.那个罐子被加热来烧干剩余的食物。The plaster will have to _ _before you can paint the room.待房间的灰泥干后才可以粉刷。Dont leave the bread on the table;
23、it will dry out.不要把面包放在桌上,它会_的。 【答案】dry out 变干dry off(使)变干;弄干dry up(指河流、井等)干涸三 经典句型考点1. not.but.【教材原句】The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的,而是给那些的确有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。【句式点拨】句中not.but.是连词,用来连接两个
24、并列的成分,表示“不是而是”;当not.but连接两个并列主语时,谓语和后一个主语一致。It was a time when motorcars were rare.那时汽车是很罕见的。I still remember a time when I lived in Germany.我仍记得在德国住过的那一段时间。It was a time when she could not bear the pain and wanted to kill herself. 曾经有段时间她无法忍受疼痛,想结束自己的生命。考点2. get to喜好/认识【教材原句】You asked whether Im ge
25、tting to know any local people.你问我是否了解当地的老百姓。get to know 开始认识,get to喜好/认识,表示渐变的过程。I got to realize how important the happy life was as I grew older.随着年龄的增长,我逐渐意识到幸福生活的重要性。Getting to know and understand people is vital. 去了解和理解人们是至关重要的。考点3. from where 引导的定语从句【教材原句】We walked for two and a half hours to
26、 get therefirst up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.我们走了两个半小时才到了那儿。先爬到了一座山的山顶,从那儿我们欣赏到了优美的风景,然后又沿着陡峭的山坡到了下面的山谷。句中from where引导的定语从句修饰a ridge,关系副词where前一般不加介词,但from where却是个例外。from where主要有以下两种用法: (1)相当于and from there(从那儿),用于引导非限制性定
27、语从句。 (2)相当于from the place where,可视为where前省略了the place,意思是“从的地方,离的地方”。He hid himself in a tree, from where he could see the enemy in the distance. 他躲在一棵树上,从那儿他可以看到远处的敌人。From where I stood I could see everything clearly. 从我站着的地方,一切我都看得清清楚楚。The school was only a few blocks from where she lived. 学校离她的住所只有几个街区的距离。考点4. what if从句【教材原句】What if he didnt want to see her?如要他不想见她怎么办? 【句法分析】
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