大学英语四级真题及答案汇总Word文件下载.docx

1、Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. Ive done it hundreds of times. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning） （15 minutes）Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answe

2、r the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7 choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）. For questions 8-10, complete the sentence with the information given in the passage.Why Integrity MattersWhat Is Integrity?The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting

3、 high personal standards for oneself （honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness） but also living up to those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical （道德上的） standards even when making lifes hard choices, choices which may be clouded by

4、 stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse （缺失） of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether per

5、sonal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus integrity must be one of our most important goals.Risky Business We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision, making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of characte

6、r is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we cant see the risks were taking,

7、 we cant make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesnt know the rules a about plagiarism （剽窃） may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintenti

8、onally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is unintentional does not excuse the misconduct, Ignorance is not a defense.But Everybody Does ItMost people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool themselves about the risks theyre takin

9、g by using excuses: Everyone else does it.Im not hurting anyone, or I really need this grade. Excuses can get very elaborate:I know Im look at anothers exam, even though Im supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but thats not cheating because Im just checking my answers, not copying. We must be h

10、onest about our actions and avoid excuses, if we fool ourselves into believing were not doing anything wrong, we cant see the real choice were making - and that leads to bad decisions. To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were pub

11、lic and anyone could be watching over yore shoulder. If youd rather hide your actions, thats an indication that youre taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself. Evaluating Risks To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, nega

12、tive as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immolate benefits and simply havent considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious and may include a O on a test or assignment, an F in the class, s

13、uspension （暂令停学） or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation. In fact, when you break a role or law, you lose control over your life and give others the power to impose punishment that you have no control over. This is an extremely vulnerable （脆弱的） position. There may be some matters of life an

14、d death or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there arent many things that fall in this category.Getting Away with it - Or Not Those who dont get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesnt learn from the test, which deprives （剥夺） him her of an education. Cheating undermin

15、es confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-respect and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheater who doesnt get caught the first time usually ch

16、eats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems easier. This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Cheating Hurts Other, Too Cheater

17、s often feel invisible, as if their actions dont count and dont really hurt anyone. But individual choices have an intense cumulative （累积的） effect. Cheating can spread like a disease. Recent statistics suggest 30 or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts othe

18、rs grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating poisons the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. （If I dont cheat I cant compete with those who do） Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of goof teaching is seeing students learn. But a cheater says. m not

19、interested in what youre trying to teach, all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others. The end result is a destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the university and harm those who worked hard for their degree. Wh

20、y Integrity Marten If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others, if not, we couldnt put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist-the list is endless. Ther

21、e are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and

22、economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nations economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.In sum, we all have a common stake

23、in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _.（A）A） sticks to them in their daily lifeB）

24、makes them known to othersC） understands their true valuesD） sees that others also follow them2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?（C）A） It helps to create team spiritB） It facilitates communicationC） It is the basis of mutual trustD） It inspires mutual respect

25、3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？（A）A. To ensure we make responsible choices.B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.C. so that we dont break any rules.D. so that we dont run into trouble.4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if _?（B）A. it has caused no harm.B. it

26、is claimed to be unintentional.C. it has gone unnoticed.D. it is committed with good intentions.5. What should one do if he doesnt wish to fool himself? （A）A. Avoid making excuses.B. Listen to other peoples advice.C. Make his intensions public.D. Have others watch over his shoulder.6. Those who take

27、 risks they regret later on _.（C）A. will often become more cautiousB. are usually very aggressiveC. value immediate benefits most.D. may lose everything in the end7. According to the author, a cheater who doesnt get caught right away will _.（A）A） pay more dearlyB） become more confidentC） be widely a

28、dmiredD） feel somewhat lucky8. Cheaters at exam dont care about their education, all they care about is how to stealing a grade9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on peoples honesty and good faith.10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a resu

29、lt of the Watergate scandal.Part Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth） （25 minutes）Section A In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefull

30、y before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage

31、.With the worlds population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050, researchers. businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure （基础设施） and jobs. Underling all this 47 will be the demand for energy, which is expect