新视野大学英语听说教程第四册听力原文.docx

1、新视野大学英语听说教程第四册听力原文Uint1III. Listening InTask 1: Soft answers turn away wrath.Mary: Dam! Youre spilled red wine on me. My new dress is ruined.John: I m terrible sorry! What can I do to help? Heres some water to wash it off.Mary: Stop splashing water on me! Oh, this is so embarrassing! Im a mess.John:

2、 Well, you do look a little upset. Please dont blow up. Dont lose your cool.Mary: Hmm, youve got the nerve talking like that! Who shouldnt fly off the handle? This dress cost a fortune.John: You look really cute when youre mad. I kid you not. Some people do look attractive when they are in a rage.Ma

3、ry: This is very expensive dress. I saved for months to buy it, and now its ruined. Look at this stain!John: Accidents do happen. Give me your dress, and Ill take it to the cleaners.Mary: Sure! You want me to take it off right here in public and give it to you? I dont even know you!John: This might

4、be a really goof time to get acquainted. Im John Owen.Mary: Mmm, at least youre polite. I guess I really shouldnt have flared up. After all, it was an accident. Im Mary Harvey.John: Come on. Ill take you home. You can change your clothes, and Ill get the dress cleaned for you.Mary: Now youre talking

5、. Thanks. Youre a real gentleman.John: Youd better believe it. Im glad to see that youve cooled down. Feel look a bite to eat afterward? Im starving.Mary: Ok. Youre pretty good. Im not nearly as mad. If you can get this stain out, Ill be very happy.John: Ill try my best. But if I cant get the stain

6、out, please dont let your happiness turn to wrath.Task 2: Big John is coming!A bar owner in the Old West has just hired a timid bartender. This (S1) owner of the establishment is giving his new hire some instructions on (S2) running the place. He tells the timid man, “If you ever hear that Big John

7、is coming to town, (S3) drop everything and run for the hills! Hes the biggest, nastiest (S4) outlaw whos ever lived!”A few weeks pass (S5) uneventfully. But one afternoon, a local cowhand comes running through town (S6) yelling, “Big John is coming! Run for your (S7) lives!”When the bartender leave

8、s the bar to start running, he is knocked to the ground by several townspeople rushing out of town. (S8) As hes picking himself up, he sees a large man, almost seven feet tall. Hes muscular, and is growing as he approaches the bar.He steps up to the door, orders the poor barkeep inside, and demands,

9、 “I want a beer NOW!”He strikes his heavy fist on the bar, splitting it in half. (S9) The bartender nervously hands the big man a beer, hands shaking. He takes the beer, bites the top of the bottle off, and downs the beer in one gulp.As the terrified bartender hides behind the bar, the big man gets

10、up to leave, “Do you want another beer?” the bartender asks in a trembling voice.“Dang it, I dont have time!” the big man yells, (S10) “I got to get out of town! Dont you hear Big John is coming?”Task3: A View of HappinessDr. Smith has proposed a reasonable, if perhaps somewhat oversimplifies, view

11、of happiness. According to his theory, happiness might be described as a state if balance. And when human or certain animals achieve that balance, they rend to remain in that condition in order to repeat the happy feeling. To illustrate this, we may study two magnets. When their positive and negativ

12、e poles meet, they are comfortably joined, and they remain there. In other words, they have attained a balance or state of happiness. If on the other hand, one of the poles is reversed, and positive pole is presses against positive pole, there is resistance, instability, imbalance a state of unhappi

13、ness.Animals with some degree of intelligence seem to find happiness in reinforcement. Once they have gained one or more of their goals such as food, and water, they learn to repeat the actions that led to satisfaction of those goals. This repetition or reinforcement produces a state of balance or s

14、ense of happiness.According to this theory, only animals with a significant capacity to learn should be able to experience happiness. But in truth learning can take place through surprisingly simple short-term action such as scratching an itch, followed by pleasure, followed by more scratching, and

15、so on. Thus learning can occur with almost no conscious thought.For human beings, blessed with the ability to reason, goals are not limited to the short-term satisfaction of needs. Indeed, there is a strong link between happiness and the fulfillment of long-term goals. Even if human strive for goals

16、 that are more complex and longer-term than the animals goals, once those goals are gained, happiness is reinforced.V. Lets TalkHello, everyone. Today I invite you to join me in an exploration off the causes of depression. There ate many factors involved, but I believe some deserve special attention

17、.Heredity certainly plays a role. .The tendency to develop depression may be inherited; there is evidence that this disorder may run in families.Physiology is another factor related to depression. There may be changes or imbalances in chemicals which transmit information in the brain called neurotra

18、nsmitters. Many modern antidepressant drugs attempt to increase levels of certain neurotransmitters so as to increase brain communication. While the causal relationship is unclear; it is known that antidepressant medications do reliever certain symptoms of depression.Researchers also study psycholog

19、ical factors. They include the complex development of ones personality and how one has learned to cope with external environmental factors, such as stress. It is freeqently observed that low self-esteem and self-defeating thinking are connected with depression. While it is not clear which is the cau

20、se and which is the effect, it is known that sufferers who are able to make corrections to their thinking patterns can show improved mood and self-esteem.Another factor causing depression is ones early experiences. Events such as the death of a parent, the divorce of the parents, neglect, chronic il

21、lness, and severe physical abuse can also increase the likelihood of depression later in life.Some present experiences may also lead to depression. Job loss, financial difficulties, long periods of unemployment, the loss of a spouse or other family member, or other painful events may trigger depress

22、ion. Long-term stress at home, work, or school can also be involved.It is worth nothing that those living with someone suffering from depression experience increased anxiety which adds to the possibility of their also becoming depressed.Depression-causing FactorsProblem DescriptionSolutionHeredityIt

23、 is inherited and run in families.Physiologychanges or imbalances in chemicals called neurotransmitters, which transmit information in the brainAntidepressant drugs relieve certain symptoms of depression.Psychological Factors Low self-esteem and self-defeating thinking are connected with depression.

24、Sufferers who make correction to their thinking patterns can show improved mood and self-esteem.Early ExperiencesEvent like the death of a parent, the divorce of parents, neglect, chronic illness, and severe physical abuse can increase the likelihood of depression.Present ExperiencesJob loss, financ

25、ial difficulties, long periods of unemployment, the loss of a spouse or other family member, or long-term stress may trigger depression.Living with somebody with depressionThis causes increased anxiety, which adds to the possibility of their also becoming depressed.VI. Further Listening and Speaking

26、Task1: Reason and EmotionEmotion is sometimes regarded as the opposite of reason; s is suggested by phrase such as” appeal to emotions rather than reason” and “dont let your emotions take over”. Emotional reactions sometimes produce consequences or thoughts which people may later regret or disagree

27、with; but during an emotional state, they could not control their actions. Thus, it is generally believed that one of the most distinctive facts about human beings is a contradiction between emotion and reason.However, recent empirical studies do not suggest there is a clear distinction between reas

28、on and emotion. Indeed, anger or fear can often be thought of as an instinctive response to observed fact. The human mind possesses many possible reactions to the external world. Those reactions can lie on a continuum, with some of them involving the extreme of pure intellectual logic, which is ofte

29、n called “cold”, and others involving the extremes of pure emotion not related to logical agreement, which is called “the heat of passion”. The relation logic and emotion merits careful study. Passion, emotion, or feeling can reinforce an argument, event one based primarily on reason. This is especi

30、ally true in religion or ideology, which frequently demands an all-or-nothing rejection or acceptance. In such areas of thought, human beings have to adopt a comprehensive view partly backed by empirical argument and partly by feeling and passion. Moreover, several researchers have suggested that ty

31、pically there is no “pure” decision or thought; that is, no thought is based “purely” on intellectual logic or “purely” on emotionmost decisions are founded on a mixture of both.Task 2: DepressionPat: You look depressed. Are you feeling blue? Ive come to cheer you up.Ted: But theres nothing that can

32、 cheer me up. Im down in the dumps. Lifes miserablePat: You have to try to get your mind off things.Ted: But I cant. I just feel theres too much pressure on me sometimes!Pat: You cant let things get you down. Learn to relax and stop worrying all the time. Whats your problem?Ted: I failed my last exam, and another exam is coming, I get bored.Pat: If I were you, Id start working hard. If you work hard for a long time, youre bound to get better grades. You see, “no pain, no gain”.Ted: It