理工阅读理解译文全部33篇.docx

1、理工阅读理解译文全部33篇2014职称英语（理工类）B级 第四部分阅读理解【第一篇 】Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles（福特放弃电动汽车）The Ford motor companys abandonment of electric cars effectively signals the end of the road for the technology，analysts say分析人士评论，福特汽车公司放弃电动汽车的举动有力地证明了这种技术是行不通的。General Motors。and Hondaceased production of batterypo

2、wered cars in 1 999, to focus on fuel cell and hybrid electric gasoline engines, which are more attractive to the consumerFord has now announced it will do the same通用汽车公司和日本本田汽车公司早于1999年就停止了电池动力汽车的生产，转而开发燃料电池和电池内燃混合机，这对消费者更有吸引力。福特宣布它现在也要做同样的尝试。Three years agothe company introduced the Think City two

3、seater car and a golf cart called the THINK,orThink NeighborIt hoped to sell 5，000 cars each year and 10，000 cartsBut a lack of demand means only about l，000 of the cars have been produced，and less than 1。700 carts have been sold so far in 20023年前，福特推出名为Think City的双排座汽车和Think或Think Neighbor系列高尔夫车.但由

4、于需求不足。截至2002年仅牛产了1 000辆汽车，售出1 700辆高尔夫车。 “The bottom line is we dont believe that this is the future of environment transport for the mass market”Tim Holmes of Ford Europe said on Friday“We feel we have given electric our best shot”“关键是我们认为电动车不能代表大众市场环保交通的未来”，福特欧洲区的TimHolmes于周五说”我们感觉自己对电力车已做了最好的尝试。”T

5、he Think City has a range of only about 53 miles and up to a six-hour battery recharge timeGeneral MotorsEVI electric vehicle also had a limited range。of about 100 milesThink City系列的运行里程仅53英里，电池充电需6小时。通用公司的EVI电力车也仅能运行100英里。The very expensive batteries also mean electric cars cost much more than petr

6、ol-powered alternativesAn electric ToyotRAV4 EV vehicle costs over$42，000 in the US, compared with just $17，000 for the petrol versionToyota and Nissanare now the only major automanufacturers to produce electric vehicles 昂贵的电池意味着电动汽车的造价是汽油动力车的两倍多。日本丰田产的RAV4EV系列电动车在美国的售价达42 000美元，而同系列的汽油动力车仅售17 000美元

7、。丰田和日产汽车公司是现在仅存的两大电动车制造商。“There is a feeling that battery electric has been given its chanceFord now has to move on with its hybrid program“，and that is what we will be judging them on，”Roger Higman，a senior transport campaigner at UK Friends of the Earth，told the Environment News Service“应该说电池动力车已经

8、获得了充分的机会。福特现已转向电池内燃混合机开发项目,我们应据此评价他们的发展。”Roger Higman，英国Friends of the Earth组织的一位高级交通运动代表这样对环保新闻评论说。Hybrid cars introduced by Toyota and Honda in the past few years have sold wellHybrid engines Offer Greater mileage than petrolonly engines , and the batteries recharge themselves. Ford says it thinks

9、 such vehicles will help it meet planned new guidelines “on vehicle emissions” in the U.S.日本本田和丰公司推出的混合机汽车在过去几年取得了良好的销售业绩。混合动力车比汽油机车运行里程更长电池又可自行充电。福特表示，他们认为这样的机车有助于达到美国新制订的车辆排放规定。However, it is not yet clear exactly what those guidelines will permitIn June，General Motors and Daimler Chrysler won a c

10、ourt injunction，delaying by two years Californian legislation requiring carmakers to offer 100，000 zero-emission and other lowemission vehicles in the state by 2003Car manufacturers hope the legislation will be rewritten to allow for more low-emission，rather than zeroemission，vehicles不过这些规定究竟允许怎样的排放

11、物现在还不十分清楚。六月份通用和戴姆勒克莱斯勒公司赢得一项法庭裁决可推迟两年执行一项加州法令，该法令要求汽车生产商在2003年前向该州提供lO万辆零排放和其他低排放汽车。制造商希望修改此法令，允许他们生产更多诋排放而不是零排放的汽车。【第二篇】World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict（世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值）In a finding that may speed efforts to conserve oil, scientists in Kuwait predict that wor

12、ld conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014. This prediction is almost a decade earlier than some other predictionsTheir study is in ACS EnergyFuels1科威特科学家预测世界常规原油产量将在2014年达到峰值，这一发现可能会促进储存石油的努力。这一预测比其他预测提前了将近十年，已经发表在美国化学学会能量与燃料杂志上。Ibrahim Nashawi and colleagues point out that rapid growth

13、 in global oil consumption has sparked a growing interest in predicting peak oilPeak oil is the point where oil production reaches a maximum and then declines. Scientists have developed several models to forecast this point, and some put the date at 2020 or later. One of the most famous forecast mod

14、els is called the Hubbert model2. It assumes that global oil production will follow a bell shaped curve3. A related concept is that4 of Peak Oil. The term Peal Oil indicates the moment in which world wide production Will peak, afterwards to start on irreversible decline伊布赫姆纳夏威和同事们指出，全球石油消耗的快速增长使人们对“

15、石油峰值”预测的兴趣越来越浓。“石油峰值”指的是石油产量达到最大值后开始下降的时间点。科学家已经构建了几个模型来预测这一时间，有些模型认为这一时间在2020年或更晚。其中最著名的预测模型之一是赫伯特模型。赫伯特模型认为世界石油产量呈钟形曲线，与此相关的概念是“石油峰值”。这一术语指的是世界石油产量达到峰值的那一刻，之后将呈现无法逆转的下降趋势。The Hubbert model accurately predicted that oil production would peak in the United States in 1970. The model has since gained

16、in popularity and has been used to forecast oil production worldwide赫伯特模型精确地预测到美国石油产量于1970年达到峰值。这一模型从此受到欢迎，已经用于预测世界石油生产。However, recent studies show that the model is insufficient to account for5 more complex oil production cycles of some countriesThose cycles can be heavily influenced by technology

17、 changes, politics, and other factors, the scientists say.但是，最近研究表明，这一模型不足以解释某些国家更加复杂的石油生产周期。科学家称，这些生产周期受到技术变化、政策和其他因素的很大影响。The new study describes development of a new version of the Hubbert model that provides a more realistic and accurate oil production forecastUsing the new model, the scientists

18、 evaluated the oil production trends of 47 major oil-producing countries, which supply most of the worlds conventional crude oil6 They estimated that worldwide conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014, years earlier than anticipated. The scientists also showed that the worlds oil reserves

19、7 are最近研究描述了赫伯特模型的新版本，提供了更加实际、更加准确的石油生产预测。科学家使用新模型评估了47个主要产油国家的石油生产趋势，这47个国家是世界常规原油的主要提供者。科学家预计全球常规原油产量将于2014年达到峰值，比之前预计的要早很多年。being reduced at a rate of 2.1 percent a year. The new model could help inform energy-related decisions and public policy debate, they suggest.科学家还指出，世界石油储量正在以2.1%的速度逐年减少，他们

20、认为新模型会帮助做出与能源相关的决定，帮助进行国家政策辩论。【第三篇 】Citizen Scientists （公民科学家）Understanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle1 events-flowering, the appearance of leaves, the first frog calls of the spring - all around the world. But ecologists cant be everywhere so theyre

21、 turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists, for help.理解大自然对气候变化有怎样的反应需要监视世界各个角落的关键生命周期事件花开、叶子的出现、第一只青蛙叫出春天的到来。但是生态学家不可能去到世界的各个角落，所以他们向非科学家求助，这些非科学家有时也被称作公民科学家。Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists t

22、o observe all of them, theyre asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest - birds, trees, flowers budding, etc. - and send their observations to a giant database to

23、be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat2, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where

24、 they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it3 in.气象科学家不可能足迹遍及天下。因为在世界上有如此多的地方，没有足够的科学家来观察它们。所以他们请求你来帮助观察全世界气候变化的迹象。公民科学家运动鼓励普通人根据自己的兴趣来观察某一个特定的方面鸟儿、树木、花开等等并把他们的观察结果发送到一个巨大的数据库来供专业科学家研究。这有助于数量有限的科学家得到如果只靠他们自己根本收集不到的巨大数据。就像公民记者帮助报道传统新闻报道方

25、式所忽略的小型社区的相关信息一样，公民科学家也对他们所居住的环境很熟悉。所需要的就是每天或每周留出几分钟来搜集数据并发送过来。A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Pheonology4 Network. Phenology is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.一群科学家和教育家在去年发起了一个叫做纽约国家物候学的组织。“物候学”就是科学家们所说的在自然

26、中研究每个事件的时间。One of the groups first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program, called Project BudBurst, collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States. People participating in t

27、he project - which is open to everyone - record their observations on the Project BudBurst website.其中一个小组的首要尝试就是依靠科学家和非科学家来收集关于每年植物开花和长叶子的数据。这一项目叫做花季追踪计划，它收集遍布美国的各种各样的植物生长周期的数据。参与这一项目的人们这一计划对所有人开放把他们的观察记录在花季追踪计划网站上。People dont have to be plant experts -they just have to look around and see whats in

28、their neighborhood, says Jennifer Schwartz, an education consultant with the project. As we collect this data, well be able to make an estimate of how plants and eommunities5 of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes. “人们不需要是植物学家他们仅仅需要环视四周看看周围有什么。”Jennifer Schwartz说，她是这项计划的教育顾问。“通过收集

29、数据，我们就能够估算出气候变化对植物和生物群落会有怎样的影响。”【第四篇】 Motoring Technology(汽车技术)1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a further 50 million injuries. To reduce car crash rate, much research now is focused on safety and new fuelsthough some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going faster.每

30、年，全世界有120万起路面交通死亡事故，以及五千万起路面交通伤残事故。为降低车祸发生率，现在有很多研究将注意力放在行车安全和开发新型燃料上。而有些关于电动机车和生物燃料的研究旨在达到更快的速度。Travelling at speed has always been risky. One cutting edge area of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assistants. They can ensure you dont miss crucial road signs or fall asleep. T

31、he use of artificial intelligence software allows these assistants to monitor your driving and makes sure your phone or radio doesnt distract you at a vital moment. Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faults.高速驾驶一向是很危险的。一项在机动车安全前沿领域的研究是有关车内数字化辅助设施的。这些设施会确。保司机们不会错过重要的路况指示牌或在开车时睡着。通过运用人工

32、智能软件，这些辅助设施可监控行车过程并确保在关键时刻司机不会被手机或广播干扰注意力。许多车祸是由人为原因造成的而非机械故障。Some safety developments aim to improve your vision. Radar can spot obstacles in fog, while other technology “sees through” high-sided vehicles blocking your view.一些行车安全方面的改进力图改善司机的视野。雷达可对雾中的障碍物定位，而其他的科技手段可透过阻碍你视线的高大车辆看到前方。And improvements to seat belts, pedal controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer. The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety, as have ,less surprisingly, size and shape.对安全带、刹