高一必修4U1讲义.docx

1、高一必修4U1讲义优分个性化教学辅导讲义学科: 英语 任课教师： Liao 授课时间： 2016 年 月 日 （星期日）姓名年级高一性别上课时段教学课题B4 Unit 1 The Million Pound Bank Note教学目标知识点：词汇考点：单词的用法方法： 词汇分析重点难点重点： 单词难点： 学用教学过程重点单词1. _ n. 成就;功绩 _ v. 达到;完成;实现2. _ n.专家;专业工作者 _ adj.特殊的；专门的；n.特派人员 _ vi.专攻；专门从事；专注于3. _ n.连接;关系 _ v.连接；联合4. _ n.运动;战役;vi.作战;参加运动5. _ vt.&vi.

2、举动;（举止或行为）表现_ n.行为;举止；习性6. _ n.萌;阴凉处；vt.遮住光线7. _ adj.值得的;值得做的 _ adj.值钱;值得的；n.价值 _ adj.值得做的;可尊敬的8. _ vt.观察;观测;遵守 _ n.观察;观测9. _ vt.&n.尊敬;尊重;敬意 _ adj.值得尊敬的;正派的;体面的 _ adj.有礼貌的，恭敬的10. _ vt.&vi.讨论；争论;辩论 _ n.争论;争吵；争辩11. _ n.人群;观众；vt.挤满;使拥挤 _ adj.拥挤的12. _ vt.鼓舞;激发；启示 _ adj.凭直觉的;有灵感的 _adj.鼓舞人心的 _n.鼓舞;灵感13. _

3、 n.&vt.支持；拥护 _ n.支持者；拥护者14. _ vt.计划;打算 _ n.打算;目的；意图15. _ adj.考虑周到的 _ v.考虑；认为 _ n.考虑;体谅 _ prep.考虑到;就而言16. _vt.递送;生（小孩儿）;接生;发表（演说等） _ n.投递;交付;分娩重点短语1. concern oneself 使自己参与,关心2. devote 献身于3. wake 醒来 4. move 离开；起程；出发5. look down 蔑视 6. argue 为辩护7. crowd 想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海8. refer 查阅；参考；谈到9. do research 从事

4、研究10. be busy 忙于做句型重现1. She spent years _ _ _ _ _ _ .她花去多年的时间观察和记录它们的日常活动。2. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。3. She has _ that wild animals _ _ _ _ _ _ and not used for entertainment or advertisements.她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活，而不能用于娱乐或

5、广告。答案：1. observing and recording their daily activities 2. was she allowed to begin her project 3. argued；should be left in the wild核心单词1. observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守 He will observe Jupiter and its moons for two years.他将对木星及其卫星进行为期两年的观测。The woman was observed to follow him closely.有人看到那女子紧跟着他。用法点拨： observ

6、e后跟do或v.-ing作宾补；跟不定式作宾补时，如果变成被动语态，要把不定式符号to加上。类似用法的动词还有：see, watch，hear，notice等。 常用结构：observe sb. do sth.观察某人做某事(已做完)be observed to do被看到做某事observe sb. doing sth.观察某人正在做某事【联想拓展】observation n.观察；观察力；监视 under observation在监视下【即学即练】完成句子1 他们看见他正走入银行。They_ him _ the bank.他受到警方严密监视。He was _ _ by the police

7、.答案：observed; enteringunder observation单项填空The patients were _ over a period of several weeks.A. watched B. noticed C. observed D. stared at 解析:选C。observe观察（某一行为或现象）；watch 观看;注意;留心看（活动，娱乐节目，事件）等；notice指无意识的注意到；stare at凝视;盯住。根据句意，选C。2. argue vt.&vi. 讨论；辩论；争论The United States should, he argues, attemp

8、t to remain aloof.他认为，美国应保持超然态度。用法点拨：argue后面可以跟that引导的宾语从句，也可以与其他介词搭配。常用结构：argue for (sb./sth.)支持(某人/某事)argue against (sb./sth.)反对（某人/某事)argue with sb. (about/over sth.)与某人(为某事)争辩argue that.主张argue sb. into/out of doing sth.=persuade sb. to/not to do sth.说服某人做/不做某事【联想拓展】argument n.C论据；争辩；争吵 have an

9、argument about/over sth.辩论某事 【语法精讲】：主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement)，指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football.可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致.(一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, r

10、ather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如: The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw are usef

11、ul tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如:Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福.When well go out for an outing has been decided. 我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。4. 用and连接的并列主语被each, every 或

12、no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说。

13、We each has something to say.我们每个人都有话要说。6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如:Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球.More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们。7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可

14、用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如:None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人。None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急。8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如:His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现 a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如:A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜。9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的

15、学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night ; 以及The United Nations 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。10. “a/one +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”, “the number of + 名词” 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如:Only one and a half apples is left on the table.注意: one or two + 复

16、数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如:One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点。(二) 内容一致原则: 1.主语中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及”分数或百分数+名词”做主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词.如:The rest of the bikes are on sale today. 剩下的自行车， 今天出售。60%of the apple was eaten by little boy. 这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。Most of the apples were rotten. 大部分的苹果

17、都是烂的。Most of the apple was eaten by a rat. 这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了。2. 不定数量的词组, 如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , a number of , plenty of等作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如:A part of the textbooks have arrived. 一小部分教科书已运到。A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig. 这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了。3. 加减乘除用单数.如:Fifteen min

18、us five is ten . 15减去5等于10。4. 表示时间, 金钱, 距离, 度量等的名词做主语时, 尽管是复数形式, 它们做为一个单一的概念时, 其谓语动词用单数.如:Ten miles is a good distance. 十英里是一个相当的距离。5. (1) 通常作复数的集体名词. 包括police , people, cattle 等, 这些集体名词通常用作复数.如: The British police have only very limited powers.(2) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词. 包括equipment, furniture, clothing, lu

19、ggage 等.(3) 可作单数也可作复数的集体名词. 包括 audience, committee, government, 6. the +形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数.如:The injured were saved after the fire. 大火过后这些受伤的人被救了。(三) 就近原则1. 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中, (有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如:Here comes the bus 公共汽车来了.Here is a pen and some pieces of paper fo

20、r you. 给你一支钢笔和几张纸。Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away?你不在这儿的时候, 你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢？2. 用连词or, either. or, neither.nor, not only.but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。 如：Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it 学生和老师都不知道这事.He or you have taken my pen. 他或你拿了我的钢笔。注意: on

21、e of +复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中, 定语从句的动词为复数。如：Mary is one of those people who keep pets. 玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。The only one of +复数名词+ who/that./which 引导的定语从句中，定语从句的动词应为单数。Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets. 玛丽是唯一一个饲养宠物的人。单元小测一根据各题括号中所给的汉语意思，用正确的单词或短语填空。（每空1分）。1. We _(争论) ahout the matter fo

22、r as long as two hours without any result.2. Its very _(考虑周到的)of youto meet me at the airport.3. Jim insisted that he had no _(联系)with the failure of the experiment.4. The Red Cross started up the_(运动；活动)to fight AIDS and care for those victims.5. Such is Albert Einstein, a simple man of great _(成就)

23、。6. He _(打算)to study abroad next year.7. Some animals usually _(举动)strangely before an earthquake happens.8. They _(过着简朴的生活)in the countryside.9. Mother Teresa won our great _(尊敬)for her charity activities.10. We must try to _(观察)things carefully.11. I _(偶遇)him yesterday.12. Well _(继续展开)our conversa

24、tion tomorrow.13. Teachers should combine education with _(娱乐),which allows students to learn in a relaxing atmosphere.14. In those days, women who worked outside were _(瞧不起).15. His brave deeds _(鼓舞)all of us.16. With the _(支持)of all the society, children in those poor mountain areas managed to att

25、end school.17. The speaker constantly_(参看)his notes while giving the speech.18. I find delivering milk in the morning a _(值得的)job, because I can enjoy fresh air as well as get reasonably paid.19. Taking his age into_(考虑)，the child has done enough to support his family20 The American President will _

26、 (发表) an important speech on human rights.二单项填空1. China has _ great success in IT and medicine fields. Which of the following is WRONG? A achieved B gained C won D completed2 I felt a great sense of _ when I reached the top of the mountain. A success B achievement C attempt D entertainment3Many expe

27、riments have been done to _ their purpose. A prove B achieve C reach D make4Dont _ with each other over such useless things. That is of no use to you two. A argue B say C discuss D communicate5The students were all_ after they heard the _story. A inspired; inspiring B inspired ; inspired C inspiring

28、; inspired D inspiring; inspiring 6It is often said that _ teachers lead _ very easy life. A /; an B /; a C the; an D the ;a 7 The lawyer was so kind that he devoted all his spare time he had _ the disabled.A. to helping B. helped C. helping D. to help8. It was only when I read this story for a second time _to appreciate its beauty.A. did I begin B. that I began ks5uC. then I began D. had I begun9. Only _ take this bus.A children can B can children C children are D children are10. Only by shouting at the top of his